Climbing mount Azhdahak

The Geography of mount Azhdahak

Mount Azhdahak is the highest peak of the Geghama Mountains and one of the most popular hiking destinations in Armenia. The Geghama Mountains (also known as the Geghama Ridge) stretch between Lake Sevan and the Ararat Plain, forming a vast volcanic highland about 70 km long and up to 48 km wide.

Rising to 3,597 meters, the extinct volcano Mount Azhdahak is best known for its stunning crater lake at 3,512 meters. On clear days, the summit reveals wide panoramic views over Lake Sevan, Lake Akna, and Lake Vishapalich, surrounded by ancient vishap (dragon) stones. In the distance, both Mount Aragats and biblical Mount Ararat rise above the horizon, while the rolling peaks of the Geghama Mountains form a dramatic and breathtaking backdrop.

The hike to mount Azhdahak

During this hike, we follow the classic route starting from the foothills of Mount Paytasar at an elevation of 3,000 meters. The distance from Yerevan (Republic Square) to Geghard Village is 37 km and takes about one hour by car. From there, a 14 km off-road section begins.

This is one of the roughest roads in Armenia—rocky and extremely bumpy—but it adds real character to the adventure. To keep the ride comfortable, we drive with the windows closed, the air conditioning on, and light music playing.

After a challenging off-road drive, I parked my Mitsubishi Pajero 4 at the foot of Mount Azhdahak, and we’re now ready to start the hike.

When tourists are not in top physical shape, instead of starting the hike from the foothills of Mount Paytasar and walking 5.5 km one way, I drive directly to the base of Mount Azhdahak, which significantly shortens the route. In this case, only a 40–50-minute hike remains to reach the summit.

This is the breathtaking view that rewards you at the summit of Mount Azhdahak. From here the trail descends toward the crater lake, where you can enjoy a refreshing swim. Afterward from the edge of the crater we will see the site where a meteorite is believed to have fallen millions of years ago, take a circular route around the crater, and then begin our descent.

The flora and fauna of Mount Azhdahak

The ascent to Mount Azhdahak unveils a diverse tapestry of flora and fauna. Along the trails, you’ll encounter vibrant endemic wildflowers and signs of wildlife that call this mountain home. The Geghama Mountain Range hosts about 250 bird species, accounting for 70% of Armenia’s avifauna. The rocky slopes are a crucial habitat for majestic birds of prey, including the golden eagle, Egyptian vulture, cinereous vulture, imperial eagle, griffon vulture, and bearded vulture.

This is how my DJI Mavic 3 Mini Pro drone saw mount Azhdahak!

Among the unique plants found in the area are Jurinea moschus, Arabis caucasica, catsfoot diclinous (Antennaria dioica), Gentiana pontica, and red everlasting (Helichrysum pallasii), each adding to the rich biodiversity of this spectacular landscape. This vibrant ecosystem provides an immersive experience in Armenia’s natural heritage, making the journey up Mount Azhdahak truly unforgettable.

The traces of wild animals we encountered on our way to Mount Azhdahak were fascinating. When snow still covers the ground, it acts like a living map, revealing the paths of the creatures that have recently passed through the area.

As mentioned above, Azhdahak is home to diverse flora. During my hikes, there's a tradition - each time we encounter flowers, we place our boots close to the flower and take a photo! In this photo below, you can see Dianthus pavonius, the peacock-eye pink. These species are mainly found in the southern Alps of France and Italy and in the Pyrenees. However, on your way to Azhdahak, you can also encounter them. Dianthus pavonius grows in grasslands and prefers sunny areas with moderately nutrient-rich, moist soil, at altitudes ranging from 1,100 to 3,000 meters (3,600 to 9,800 feet) above sea level.

 Dianthus pavonius, the peacock-eye pink

The petroglyphs (rock carvings) of Geghama mountains

A visit to Mount Azhdahak offers not only breathtaking landscapes but also a chance to explore Armenia’s rich heritage and natural wonders. Among the notable features are ancient petroglyphs and vishaps, which add a historical and cultural depth to the experience. Rock carvings are found in over 120 countries worldwide, including Armenia. In Armenia, these carvings are primarily located in five significant geographical areas, including the Geghama Mountains. With approximately 20,000 petroglyphs found in Armenia, these carvings date back to the 12th century BCE and earlier.

Petroglyphs are images created by removing part of a rock surface (in Armenia these are usually done on basalt stones) through incising, picking, carving, or abrading. The term "petroglyph" derives from the Greek words “petra” (meaning “stone”) and “glypho” (meaning “to carve”).

The Armenian petroglyphs depict a range of scenes and symbols, including:

• Hunting scenes: Depicting people hunting animals, essential for survival.

• Animals: Various species such as goats, deer, and bulls.

• Geometric shapes: Abstract designs like spirals and circles.

• Human activities: Daily life scenes, including fighting and rituals.

• Astronomical symbols: Zodiac signs and other celestial imagery.
  

These carvings provide unique insights into the lives, beliefs, and artistic traditions of the ancient people who once inhabited this region.

On our return, we will stop to see these remarkable petroglyphs. On the upper part of the stone, a hunter stands next to an elk, armed with a bow and arrow. The lower carvings depict a goat (the most commonly represented figure in Armenian petroglyphs), and a dog.

My drone hovers over Mount Azhdahak

I’m sure this video has made you fall in love with Mount Azhdahak! Don’t hesitate to contact me for a guided tour to the summit of the Geghama Mountains. Azhdahak is waiting for you!

Tour Details:

Start: 7:30-8.00 AM from Yerevan

Finish: Around 5 PM in Yerevan

Hiking Distance: 5.5km (One way)

Duration: Around 2.5 hours (Ascent)!

Altitude Gain: 600 meters

Start point: Foot of mount Paytasar (3000m)

End point: Foot of mount Paytasar (3000m)

Difficulty: Moderate

Trail Type: Out-and-Back

Transportation: Off-road Car (Mitsubishi Pajero 4)

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Tour Price to the Summit of Mount Azhdahak

Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group): 110.000 AMD (~250 Euro)

For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details!

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Important! If you’re not physically fit, I can drive you up to the foot of Mount Azhdahak, from where it’s about a 40-minute hike to the summit.

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The price includes:

Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan)

Transportation in air conditioned vehicle

Service of a guide

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The Price Does Not Include:

Airport transfers

Insurance

Lunch (Lunchboxes can be added in case of an extra payment)

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List of things you should consider taking:

1. Backpack: A sturdy backpack to carry all your essentials.

2. Water: Sufficient water to stay hydrated throughout the hike. At least 1.5 liters…

3. Food: Pack lightweight, high-energy snacks or meals to keep your energy levels up.

4. Clothing: Dress in layers, including a waterproof/windproof outer layer, and choose moisture-wicking materials. Having extra socks and boots always welcomed…

5. Hiking Shoes/Boots: Wear comfortable and supportive footwear suitable for the terrain.

6. First Aid Kit: I have mine but in case you are using specific medicaments take with you!

7. Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from harmful UV rays.

9. Headlamp/Flashlight: Essential for hiking in low light conditions or during overnight trips.

10. Whistle: A loud whistle for attracting attention in case of emergencies.

11. Trekking Poles: Optional but helpful for stability, especially on challenging terrains.

12. Rain Gear: A lightweight, waterproof jacket or poncho to stay dry during rain showers.

13. Trash Bag: Carry a small bag to pack out your trash and keep the trail clean.

Remember, this list may vary depending on the length and difficulty of the hike, weather conditions, and personal needs. But this were the basic things I decided to emphasize!