In 301, Armenia became the first country in the world to officially adopt Christianity! The journey from pagan faith to Christianity started from here: Khor Virap, which translates to "Deep Pit" in Armenian. Later, in the 7th century, a chapel was built over the pit to commemorate these important historical episodes in Armenian history. Today, this historic site is both a pilgrimage destination and a major tourist attraction. < Back Khor Virap Monastery: From the Pit to the First Christian Country In 301, Armenia became the first country in the world to officially adopt Christianity! The journey from pagan faith to Christianity started from here: Khor Virap, which translates to "Deep Pit" in Armenian. Later, in the 7th century, a chapel was built over the pit to commemorate these important historical episodes in Armenian history. Today, this historic site is both a pilgrimage destination and a major tourist attraction. In 287 AD, Tiridates III of Armenia came to power. Tiridates III was the son of King Khosrov II of Armenia, who was assassinated in 252 by a Parthian agent named Anak. Anak was captured and executed along with most of his family, while his son, Gregory the Illuminator, was sheltered in Caesarea, Cappadocia, where he was introduced to the Christian religion. Khor Virap Monastic Complex As the only surviving heir to the throne, Tiridates was quickly taken away to Rome soon after his father's assassination while still an infant. He was educated in Rome and became skilled in languages and military tactics. In addition, he firmly understood and appreciated Roman law. The Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi describes him as a strong and brave warrior, who participated in combat against his enemies and personally led his army to victory in many battles. Accompanied by Roman troops, Tiridates returned to Mets Hayk in 287 to reclaim the throne. The young Gregory, the son of Anak, also joined him, becoming a loyal comrade-in-arms of the king. Gregory received a Christian education in Caesarea. After the victory against Persia, King Tiridates offered Gregory the opportunity to make an offering to the goddess Anahit. Gregory refused to sacrifice to the idol. King Tiridates III the Great Upon learning that Gregory was the son of Anak, the man who had killed his father, Tiridates III ordered him to be thrown into the dungeon known as "Khor Virap", where Gregory endured 14 years of confinement. Khor Virap, which translates to "deep pit," was originally a royal prison in Artashat city. Legend states that Saint Gregory survived this ordeal thanks to the secret compassion of a kind woman, who sustained him by providing bread and water in secrecy During this time, Tiridates III enforced pagan practices, issuing proclamations and imposing the death penalty on Christians. According to tradition, after a few years, King Tiridates fell ill with a condition described as resembling swine flu. The cause of his illness was attributed to the murder of 33 Hripsimian virgins who had fled from Roman Emperor Diocletian. Among them, Hripsime was stoned to death for rejecting the king’s marriage proposal. Agathangelos writes: "Tiridates began to rage and eat himself, and like Nebuchadnezzar, king of the Babylonians, left his human nature and, in the form of wild pigs, went to live among them." Tiridates’ sister, Khosrovidukht, had a dream revealing that only Grigor, still imprisoned, could heal the king. Gregory was brought out of the dungeon and taken to Vagharshapat. He buried the remains of the martyred virgins, established a five-day fast, and through prayers, healed the king. A painting of Gregory the Illuminator by Vardges Sureniants An epoch-making event in Armenian history occurred in 301 when Tiridates III officially recognized Christianity as the state religion. Afterwards king Tiridates III and Gregory the Illuminato traveled across Armenia, destroying pagan monuments and establishing Christian ones in their place. Saint Astvatsatsin Church By the decision of the Council of Elders, Tiridates sent Gregory to Caesarea, where he was ordained as a bishop. Upon his return, the newly consecrated Catholicos baptized Tiridates and his court in the Aratsani River. Together, they initiated the construction of the Mother Cathedral of Etchmiadzin. The entrance to Khor Virap "Deep Pit" inside Saint Gregory Chapel In around 642, Catholicos Nerses III built a chapel over the pit where Gregory had been imprisoned. While the original structure did not survive, the current buildings date back to the 17th century. Modern-Day Khor Virap The monastery complex, built in the 17th century, includes the Saint Gregory Church, the Saint Astvatsatsin Church, and the famous underground dungeon known as Khor Virap (Deep Pit). Visitors can descend into this pit via a narrow ladder, experiencing the space where Saint Gregory endured his imprisonment. Saint Gregory Chapel (1662–1669): Built on the foundations of an earlier church, it houses the dungeon beneath its High Altar. Saint Astvatsatsin Church : Located in the center of the complex, this domed church features bas relief of Gregory and Tiridates. Walls and Bell Tower : The bell tower, built in the 19th century, is adorned with columns, while the surrounding walls date to the 17th century. Khor Virap also served as an educational center, founded by Vardan Areveltsi in 1255. Many manuscripts copied here are preserved at the Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran in Yerevan. The complex underwent renovation during the 1960s and 1970s. His Holiness Karekin II and the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church visiting Khor Virap Tourism and Accessibility Located approximately 40 kilometers from Yerevan, Khor Virap is easily accessible by car or guided tour. Its proximity to the Turkish-Armenian border provides unparalleled views of Mount Ararat, a national symbol of Armenia. The picturesque surroundings and profound historical significance make it a must-visit destination for travelers exploring Armenia. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Explore the rich history of Armenia with cultural tours that take you to Saghmosavank Monastery, a stunning 13th-century Armenian Apostolic complex located in the picturesque Aragatsotn region. Built by Vache A Vachutyan, Saghmosavank stands as a testament to medieval Armenian architecture with its remarkable gavit, library, and acoustics that once filled the air with psalms. Nestled on the scenic cliffs overlooking the Kasakh River, this monastery is a must-visit destination for those who wish to travel Armenia and discover its spiritual heritage. < Back Saghmosavank: A Must-Visit Monastery on Your Armenian Cultural Tour Explore the rich history of Armenia with cultural tours that take you to Saghmosavank Monastery, a stunning 13th-century Armenian Apostolic complex located in the picturesque Aragatsotn region. Built by Vache A Vachutyan, Saghmosavank stands as a testament to medieval Armenian architecture with its remarkable gavit, library, and acoustics that once filled the air with psalms. Nestled on the scenic cliffs overlooking the Kasakh River, this monastery is a must-visit destination for those who wish to travel Armenia and discover its spiritual heritage. Saghmosavank is an Armenian Apostolic monastery complex located in the village of Saghmosavan in the Aragatsotn region, perched on a scenic elevated site overlooking the Kasakh River, just 37 km from Yerevan. Built in the 13th century by Vache A Vachutyan, the monastery’s name derives from "saghmos," meaning "psalm," reflecting its unique distinction as the only monastery named after the spiritual songs sung within its walls, renowned for its exceptional acoustics. Following the liberation of Eastern Armenia by the Zakarian princes, the Vachutian dynasty established its presence here. Originally from Lori, the Vachutians connected their legacy with Aragatsotn, which they ruled. Prince Vache Vachutyan, a prominent figure of the dynasty, was known for his contributions to both military victories and monumental construction, including the open courtyard of Sanahin, the Church of the Holy Nshan of Kecharis, the gavit of Makaravank, and other notable secular and spiritual structures. Saghmosavank In 1215, Vache Vachutyan and his wife, Mamakhatun, built the main church of Saghmosavank, Saint Sion, designed by architect Momik. The church is rectangular on the outside, cross-domed on the inside, and features two-story vaults in all corners. South of Saint Sion is the Saint Astvatsatsin Church, built in 1235 by Kurd Vachutyan, son of Vache Vachutyan. This vaulted church features a rectangular plan with a distinctive altar in the eastern part, adorned with a bas-relief depicting the rising sun, an angel, and the royal coat of arms with an eagle clawing a lamb. The architecture also includes colorful designs with red, black, white, yellow, and red-painted stones, enhancing its visual appeal. In 1255, Prince Kurd Vachutyan, alongside his wife Khorishah, built the library-church known as Gratun in memory of their daughter Mamakhatun. This structure stands out for its unique design, featuring a tabernacle in the east and a rare two-story depository in the southeast corner. Gratun offers access to both the vestibule and the Saint Astvatsatsin Church, which can only be entered from the library. The library once housed 120 manuscripts in the 13th century, highlighting its significance as a center of learning. Saghmosavank Monastery was one of the most prosperous and renowned spiritual centers of the medieval period, preserving a rich legacy of Armenian architecture, history, and culture. The gavit and library of Saghmosavank, with their intricate architectural and engineering designs, are among the most remarkable examples of medieval secular buildings. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Located in Dilijan, Armenia, Aghasi Khanjyan's summer house was built between 1928 and 1936. Intended for the first secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia, the house was never used for its original purpose due to Khanjyan's untimely death. The house, now in ruins, has a mysterious and turbulent history, reflecting the political turmoil of its time. < Back Aghasi Khanjyan’s Summer House in Dilijan Located in Dilijan, Armenia, Aghasi Khanjyan's summer house was built between 1928 and 1936. Intended for the first secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia, the house was never used for its original purpose due to Khanjyan's untimely death. The house, now in ruins, has a mysterious and turbulent history, reflecting the political turmoil of its time. Aghasi Khanjyan's summer house, situated on the wooded slopes of Dilijan in the Tavush region of Armenia, was constructed between 1928 and 1936. Personally selected by Khanjyan, the location is believed to have once been the site of a Russian Imperial Army regiment cemetery. Although the house was intended for Khanjyan, who was the first secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia, he tragically passed away on July 9, 1936, in Tbilisi, under mysterious circumstances. While officially deemed a suicide, many believe Khanjyan was assassinated by Lavrenti Beria. Khanjyan's summer house today According to some eyewitnesses, Khanjyan was in this country house only once, before meeting Lavrenty Beria. During World War II, the property was repurposed as a cattle ranch and much of the original ornamentation was lost. Poghosov, the second secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia, organized the renovation of the building, but it was impossible to fully restore the ornamental designs on the walls; only the ceiling's ornamentation was preserved. Since the late 1980s, the summer house has been abandoned, leading to its partial collapse in 2013. Today, the building is almost entirely destroyed. The once-painted ceilings, walls, wooden interiors, ornate staircases, and colonnaded balconies have all vanished, leaving behind only bare walls and a few stone pillars standing against the sky. Statue "The King of the Forest" by Ara Sargsyan In 2018, it was announced that the new owner of the property planned to rebuild the summer house in its original form. However, when I visited in 2024, it was still lying in ruins. The summer house is located in Dilijan, just a few meters from the main road leading to Yerevan, on one of the wooded hills near Gorky Street, specifically at 15a Gorky Street. Nearby stands the statue "The King of the Forest" by sculptor Ara Sargsyan. The coordinates of Khanjyan’s summer house: 40°44'12"N 44°51'42"E Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

"There are two kind of people in this world my friend. Those with loaded guns. And those who dig. You dig." In the world of cinema, the reason to dig might be clear, but in real life, it’s often shrouded in mystery—especially when it comes to older men suddenly taking on ambitious underground projects. Stories like Burro Schmidt’s 32-year tunnel through a mountain in California and Levon Arakelyan’s intricate, 23-year excavation in Armenia defy simple explanations, reflecting deep personal quests or a hidden sense of purpose that remains elusive. Let’s delve into these two famous cases and explore what might drive such a profound commitment to dig against all odds. < Back From Burro Schmidt Tunnel to Levon’s Cave "There are two kind of people in this world my friend. Those with loaded guns. And those who dig. You dig." In the world of cinema, the reason to dig might be clear, but in real life, it’s often shrouded in mystery—especially when it comes to older men suddenly taking on ambitious underground projects. Stories like Burro Schmidt’s 32-year tunnel through a mountain in California and Levon Arakelyan’s intricate, 23-year excavation in Armenia defy simple explanations, reflecting deep personal quests or a hidden sense of purpose that remains elusive. Let’s delve into these two famous cases and explore what might drive such a profound commitment to dig against all odds. Burro Schmidt Tunnel In the vast, arid stretches of the Mojave Desert's El Paso Mountains lies an unexpected engineering marvel: a half-mile-long tunnel cut straight through solid rock. This tunnel, dug by hand using a pick, shovel, and a four-pound hammer, stands as a testament to the grit of one man, William “Burro” H. Schmidt, who spent over 32 years of his life on this relentless project. William “Burro” H. Schmidt The tunnel, which measures approximately 6 feet (1.8 meters) tall and 10 feet (3 meters) wide, runs 2,087 feet through the mountain. Located just below the summit of a 4,400-foot (1,300 m) mountain, its southern entrance provides a dramatic view of Fremont Valley, Koehn Dry Lake, and ghost towns like Garlock and Saltdale. However, it doesn’t lead anywhere of strategic significance, simply emerging on a high ledge in the middle of nowhere. Schmidt originally envisioned the tunnel as a shortcut to transport ore from his mining claim in the mountains to a smelter on the opposite side. He had moved to the California desert from Rhode Island in the late 19th century, seeking a healthier climate, and began work on the tunnel in 1906. His motivation for this massive project was partly due to the hazardous back trail, which he refused to use to haul his ore with his two trusty burros, Jack and Jenny. With basic tools—a pick, shovel, and a four-pound hammer—Schmidt painstakingly carved through solid granite, hauling away an estimated 5,800 tons (5,260 metric tonnes) of rock. His methods were grueling; he often used dangerously short dynamite fuses and removed rubble by wheelbarrow, or even carried it on his back. Over time, he installed a mining cart on rails to ease the burden. His dedication took a physical toll, eventually causing his abdominal muscles to overdevelop, leaving him permanently hunched. By 1920, a road was constructed from Last Chance Canyon to Mojave, making Schmidt’s tunnel obsolete for ore transportation. Yet, he continued to dig, driven by an intense, almost inexplicable determination. Locals initially saw him as eccentric, and later, Ripley’s Believe It or Not! immortalized him as “the human mole” for his obsessive work. Despite the alternative route, he completed the tunnel in 1938, having dedicated over three decades to his solitary pursuit. Schmidt eventually left the area, selling the tunnel to another miner. His small cabin, preserved by the desert’s dry climate, remains a relic of his solitary life, as does the tunnel itself. Today, this remarkable feat of determination stands as both a memorial to Schmidt's grit and a unique tourist attraction. Visitors can walk the length of the tunnel, experiencing firsthand the intensity of one man’s life work, cut into the rock as a silent testament to his unyielding spirit. Coordinates of Burro Schmidt Tunnel: 35°24'21"N 117°52'32"W Levon’s Cave Master Levon at work Levon's Divine Pit, also known as "Levon's Cave" or "Tosya's Pit," was founded in 1985 by Levon Arakelyan in the village of Arinj, Kotayk Province, Armenia. This impressive hand-carved underground structure spans 300 square meters, reaching a depth of 21 meters, with seven rooms connected by narrow stairs. The story behind Levon’s cave is remarkable: in the spring of 1985, his wife, Mrs. Tosya, asked him to dig a cellar for potatoes. Soon after beginning, Levon reportedly experienced a vision in which a voice from a mist urged him to keep digging. Inspired by this vision, Levon continued the excavation using only a hammer and chisel, refusing modern tools despite the challenging soil. Over 23 years, he created intricate carvings and passages, installing electrical wiring and lights along the way. Each chamber was sculpted according to visions he claimed to receive, aiming to expand the cave to 74 rooms with distinctive designs. Following Levon's death in 2009, Mrs. Tosya began managing the site as a museum, preserving his legacy and sharing the story with visitors. The cave maintains a constant temperature of 10°C year-round. Visitors can view Levon’s personal artifacts, press coverage about his work, and notebooks with visitor impressions on the first floor, which serves as a museum today. In the courtyard, flower pots crafted from stone remnants honor his creativity, while two wall paintings, one of Levon with a chisel and hammer and another of his wife holding a potato, further capture the essence of his life and work. Coordinates of Levon's cave: 40°13'49"N 44°34'13"E Conclusion Older men often engage in solitary digging projects to find purpose, structure, and physical activity, especially after retirement. Tunnel digging or similar ventures provide both mental stimulation and physical exercise, serving as an outlet for independence and resilience. For some, these projects offer a way to cope with grief or major life transitions, creating a channel for self-expression. Such efforts also fulfill a deeper desire to leave a legacy, showcasing a testament to their grit. These pursuits combine a unique form of meditation with physical effort, enhancing overall well-being and reinforcing their sense of self. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

This article explores the 4 main hiking trail types—Out-and-Back, Loop, Point-to-Point, and Lollipop. Perfect for beginners and seasoned hikers alike, it provides a clear understanding of these trail layouts, helping you choose the right adventure for your next hike! < Back Hiking Trail Types: Out-and-Back, Loop, Point-to-Point, Lollipop This article explores the 4 main hiking trail types—Out-and-Back, Loop, Point-to-Point, and Lollipop. Perfect for beginners and seasoned hikers alike, it provides a clear understanding of these trail layouts, helping you choose the right adventure for your next hike! 1. Out-and-Back Trail Description: A trail of this type requires the hiker to follow a single path to a specific destination and then return via the same route. It is straightforward, with no turns or junctions to navigate, making it easy to follow. A common destination might be a summit, a scenic viewpoint, waterfall, lake, or another natural landmark. Key Features: The same scenery is experienced twice (on the way out and back). Easier to plan, as you know exactly how far you’re going and can estimate the time needed for the return trip. Best For: Beginners or families looking for simple navigation and manageable challenges. Those with limited time or who want to focus on a specific highlight of the hike. Example: Lake Kari - Southern Aragats - Lake Kari 2. Loop Trail Description: A trail that forms a complete circle (or near-circle), starting and ending at the same location without retracing steps. Offers hikers varied scenery, as the route doesn’t repeat. Key Features: Generally well-marked with clear entry and exit points. May involve different terrains, ecosystems, or viewpoints along the way. Some loops include shortcuts or extensions for customization. Best For: Hikers who enjoy diversity and want to avoid retracing their path. Those seeking a well-rounded experience in a specific area. Example: Zorats Church - Smbataberd - Tsaghats Kar - Zorats church trail in Armenia 3. Point-to-Point Trail Description: This trail starts at one location and ends at a different one. It is often used for long-distance hikes, requiring a shuttle or vehicle at the endpoint. A trail of this type might pass through multiple ecosystems, parks, or even cross state boundaries. Key Features: Requires advanced logistical planning for transportation at the finish point. Provides opportunities for covering long distances without looping back or retracing. Best For: Experienced hikers or those prepared for a multi-day trek. People who enjoy challenges and exploring larger, more diverse areas. Example: Parz Lake - Goshavank Monastery 4. Lollipop Trail Description: A hybrid trail type that combines an out-and-back start with a loop at the midpoint. The name comes from the trail shape, which resembles a lollipop (a stick leading to a circular loop). Key Features: Hikers travel out on a single trail, explore a loop, and then return along the same out-path. Offers the variety of a loop and the simplicity of an out-and-back. Best For: Hikers seeking moderate variety without overly complex navigation. Ideal for those wanting to explore a loop without committing to a separate entry and exit point. Example: Lake Kari - Southern Aragats - Western Aragats - Lake Kari Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Articles about Armenia, mountaineering history, explorers and Armenia Articles about Armenia, mountaineering history and explorers... Being an avid reader I always felt an inner urge to share my knowledge! In this section of my website you can find articles about mountaineers, mountaineering history, explorers and my lovely country Armenia! How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide This is a practical guide on how to visit ROT54. In the end, the choice is yours—but my advice is to visit with a guide who knows the site inside out and regularly handles all the small details and challenges. Hardly anyone else visits ROT54 as often as I do, so if you want a smooth, well-organized experience without missing any key locations, it’s worth getting in touch and arranging a tour. I’ve personally spoken with many visitors who later realized they had missed a lot of interesting spots simply because they didn’t know where to look. Read More Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade This article explores Grigor Khanjyan’s monumental fresco-triptych, a decade-long masterpiece displayed in the Khandjian Gallery at Yerevan’s Cafesjian Art Center. Depicting key chapters of Armenian history—The Armenian Alphabet, Vardanank, and Resurrected Armenia—it is Khanjyan’s most celebrated work. Created under extreme conditions and completed after the artist’s death, the fresco stands as a powerful symbol of Armenia’s artistic, historical, and cultural identity. Read More Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones This article recounts our journey to Tirinkatar in mid-October 2025, to one of Armenia’s oldest archaeological sites. Perched at 2,850 meters, the sacred valley is home to 12 vishaps—ancient Dragon Stones—spread across a 40-hectare core, offering a glimpse into Armenia’s earliest monuments. Read More Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan The word “Pantheon” comes from Greek and literally means “a sanctuary of all gods.” The name was passed down from the famous temple in Rome dedicated to the Roman gods. Over time, the meaning evolved. Today, a pantheon is understood as a special burial place reserved for a nation’s most respected figures. This article is dedicated to Armenia’s main cultural pantheon — the Komitas Pantheon. Read More Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Earlier, I wrote about two important historical landmarks in Armenia’s village of Shvanidzor: an iconic abandoned house from the 19th century and a Soviet-era House of Culture with a surprisingly rich interior. Yet Shvanidzor, despite its small size, hides more heritage sites that still draw travelers from around the world. One of the most impressive is its 17th-century aqueduct. Read More From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome I had been considering writing about this for a long time but hesitated, feeling a bit shy about attributing a rare phenomenon that had never been described before. However, with my last article in 2025, I decided to dedicate it to this subject. I will call it Suren Syndrome… let’s dive in. Read More How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia It looks like you’re planning a trip to Armenia, and that’s why you came across this article. Here, I will provide brief but useful advice on how to choose a guide in Armenia to make the most of your trip, enjoy your journey, and keep expenses reasonable. Let’s dive in. Read More Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Explore the Jermuk Drinking Gallery, one of Armenia’s most recognizable landmarks. Built in 1956, this open-air arcade lets visitors taste mineral waters flowing from five natural springs, each with its own temperature and mineral composition. Learn about the gallery’s architecture, health benefits, and why it remains a must-see stop for anyone traveling to Jermuk. Read More Guide in Armenia I’m Suren, a tour guide in Armenia. In this article, I’ll tell you a bit about myself and the services I offer, while sharing practical advice for travelers planning a trip to Armenia. My expertise lies in urbex, hiking, off-roading, and sightseeing tours — so that’s where we’ll focus. The tips I share come from both my own experience and valuable feedback from travelers I’ve guided through these places. Trust me — I know the way. Read More A Visit to the Mikhail Khergiani Museum The Mikhail Khergiani House-Museum in Mestia honors one of Georgia’s greatest mountaineers — the legendary “Tiger of the Rocks.” Born in 1932, Khergiani conquered some of the world’s toughest peaks with remarkable skill and courage before his tragic death in the Dolomites in 1969. Housed in his family’s traditional Svan home and tower, the museum displays his climbing gear, personal belongings, and rare photos. Visitors can explore his legacy and enjoy panoramic views over Mestia and the Caucasus mountains from the tower’s top. Read More A Hike to the Chalaadi Glacier In late October 2025, I had an unforgettable hike to the Chalaadi Glacier in Mestia. In this article, I’ll share my experience and give you some practical advice on how to plan your hike carefully to get the most out of it — and have a safe, unforgettable time in Georgia. Read More Khash – One of the Most Unusual Armenian Dishes Khash is one of the oldest and most traditional Armenian dishes. This hot, gelatinous soup made from cow feet has long been a staple in Armenian culture and has spread throughout the Caucasus. The word khash comes from the Armenian verb khashel, meaning “to boil.” It also appears in names of other dishes like khashlama, khashil, and khashu. In this article, you'll discover the origins of khash and how it’s prepared. Read More Modernist architecture in the Soviet Union In this article, I’ve collected notable examples of Soviet Modernist architecture from across the former Soviet Union countries. These iconic structures embody the era's distinctive style, merging functionality with bold, innovative designs. From towering buildings to communal spaces, Soviet Modernism left a lasting imprint on the architectural landscape. Read More The Tallest Stalin Statue Ever Erected While researching the history of the Stalin statue erected in Yerevan in 1950, I found myself wondering: What was the tallest statue of Stalin ever built? Determined to uncover the answer, I delved into historical records—and here’s what I discovered. Read More The Real Story Behind the Movie The Lost City of Z The 2016 film The Lost City of Z, directed by James Gray, brings to life the true story of British explorer Percy Fawcett’s quest to find an ancient civilization in the Amazon. Based on David Grann’s 2009 book, the movie captures Fawcett’s expeditions and mysterious 1925 disappearance. While praised for its storytelling and cinematography, the film takes creative liberties, blending fact with fiction. This article delves into the history and the ongoing mystery surrounding Fawcett's fate. Read More Hiking Guide to Climbing Mount Azhdahak Mount Azhdahak, standing at 3,597 meters, is the highest peak of the Geghama Mountain Range and one of Armenia’s most popular hiking destinations. This extinct volcano, located in the heart of the country, offers an unforgettable hiking experience with breathtaking landscapes. On a clear day from the summit, hikers can enjoy panoramic views of Lake Sevan, Mount Ararat, Mount Aragats, Mount Ara, and more. This guide provides essential details on how to climb Azhdahak and explore the stunning trails of the Geghama Mountains. Read More The movie Seven Years in Tibet is based on Heinrich Harrer’s eponymous book Seven Years in Tibet (1997) is an American biographical war drama film inspired by the autobiographical travel memoir Seven Years in Tibet by Austrian mountaineer and former Nazi SS sergeant Heinrich Harrer. Starring Brad Pitt and David Thewlis, the film chronicles the 1939 German Himalayan Foundation expedition to Nanga Parbat, the team's internment during World War II, their daring escape from a British prison camp in India, and the transformative journey of Harrer and Aufschnaiter to Lhasa, Tibet. This is the true story of “Seven Years in Tibet”. Read More The Biggest Bank Robbery in the Soviet Union The 1977 robbery of the State Bank of the Armenian SSR remains one of the most audacious and infamous crimes in Soviet history. This heist, carried out by cousins Nikolai Sarkisovich Kalachyan and Felix Kalachyan, resulted in the theft of 1.5 million Soviet rubles—equivalent to roughly two million U.S. dollars at the time. It was not only the largest theft from a state institution in Soviet history but also a crime that captured the public’s imagination with its high stakes and dramatic resolution. Ultimately, both cousins were sentenced to death for their roles in the crime. Read More On Reinhold Messner’s book “The Crystal Horizon: Everest – The First Solo Ascent” As a child, I remember gazing at the large bookshelves in our home, filled with books neatly lined up one after another. Among them, one stood out—a book displayed with its cover facing outward. On the cover was an image of a man traversing a snowy, rocky mountain, pulling a loaded yak behind him. The white letters in Russian on the cover were unreadable to me then. But soon, I learned to read and write, and that book turned out to be The Crystal Horizon by Reinhold Messner. Let’s talk about it. Read More Molokans in Armenia The Molokan community in Armenia is composed of descendants of Russian settlers who have preserved their unique faith, traditions, and language. This article explores the history of Molokanism, the distinctive lifestyle of its followers, and provides up-to-date information about Molokan settlements in Armenia, such as the village of Violetovo, which has become a popular tourist destination. Discover the culture, agricultural practices, religious beliefs, and the community's approach to the outside world. Read More Goran Kropp's Ascent to K2 Mountain I guess many of you have seen those social media graphics telling how Swedish mountaineer Goran Kropp traveled from Sweden to Nepal by bicycle to conquer Everest without bottled oxygen. In one of my upcoming articles, I will cover that story, but for now, I want to write about another feat of his. Before Everest, he conquered K2 Mountain in 1993. Read More Yerevan Tales: The Finswimmer Who Saved 20 Lives from a Submerged Trolleybus Discover the extraordinary story of Shavarsh Karapetyan, a legendary Armenian athlete and true hero. This article recounts his remarkable bravery in saving 20 passengers after a derailed trolleybus plunged into a Yerevan Lake. Read More Acclimatization: The Key to Safe and Successful High-Altitude Climbing Acclimatization is the physiological process by which your body adjusts to lower oxygen levels (hypoxia) at high altitudes. As you ascend, the atmospheric pressure decreases, meaning there are fewer oxygen molecules in each breath you take. This reduced oxygen availability can lead to altitude sickness, a range of potentially serious conditions. Proper acclimatization is crucial for safe and enjoyable mountaineering, especially when tackling peaks above 3,000 meters (10,000 feet). Let’s talk about the process. Read More Hiking Trail Types: Out-and-Back, Loop, Point-to-Point, Lollipop This article explores the 4 main hiking trail types—Out-and-Back, Loop, Point-to-Point, and Lollipop. Perfect for beginners and seasoned hikers alike, it provides a clear understanding of these trail layouts, helping you choose the right adventure for your next hike! Read More Custom Cars in Soviet Armenia This article explores the fascinating world of iconic custom-made cars in Soviet Armenia. These unique modifications highlight the ingenuity and creativity of Armenian car enthusiasts who transformed standard Soviet vehicles into extraordinary masterpieces, reflecting personal style and engineering brilliance despite the era's constraints. Discover these automotive gems in one comprehensive collection! Read More Hiking Guide to Climbing Mount Aragats: Tips for Your Upcoming Tour This article offers concise and valuable information for anyone planning to conquer Mount Aragats! Whether you're looking to climb Aragats on your own or seeking a guide, having a clear understanding of what lies ahead can be incredibly helpful. Lace up your boots, and let's get started! Read More Soviet Flag and Soviet-Armenian Flag Discover the history and symbolism behind communist flags, including the iconic flag of the USSR and the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Learn about the red banner’s representation of unity, revolution, and the ideals of socialism and communism. This article delves into the origins of the hammer and sickle, the meaning of the five-pointed star, and the unique features of the Soviet-Armenian flag, highlighting their intricate designs and ideological significance. Read More Khor Virap Monastery: From the Pit to the First Christian Country In 301, Armenia became the first country in the world to officially adopt Christianity! The journey from pagan faith to Christianity started from here: Khor Virap, which translates to "Deep Pit" in Armenian. Later, in the 7th century, a chapel was built over the pit to commemorate these important historical episodes in Armenian history. Today, this historic site is both a pilgrimage destination and a major tourist attraction. Read More From Arecibo Observatory to Herouni Telescope in Armenia The Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico and the ROT54 telescope in Armenia are connected in their shared purpose of advancing radio astronomy and space science, albeit with differences in scale, design, and focus. Both installations were pioneers in radio astronomy, leveraging fixed spherical dishes to achieve high sensitivity for observing faint objects. However, they were built independently, with different designs and under distinct geopolitical contexts. Let’s talk about these scientific marvels which are now echoes of the bygone past. Read More 4 Reasons to Climb Mount Azhdahak Embark on a memorable adventure to the summit of Mount Azhdahak, the highest peak in the Geghama Range. Traverse challenging off-road routes, witness stunning alpine lakes, and ascend to the summit, rewarded with panoramic views of the crater lake and distant horizons. Delve into Armenia's rich history by exploring ancient archaeological sites, including enigmatic petroglyphs and legendary dragon-stones. Immerse yourself in the diverse ecosystem of the Geghama Mountains, home to a variety of wildlife and unique flora. Read More 5 Reasons to Climb Mount Aragats Mount Aragats, the highest mountain in Armenia, isn’t just a peak to conquer – it’s a destination that combines breathtaking nature, fascinating history, and scientific intrigue. Here are five compelling reasons why you should add climbing this iconic mountain to your tours in Armenia. Read More From Burro Schmidt Tunnel to Levon’s Cave "There are two kind of people in this world my friend. Those with loaded guns. And those who dig. You dig." In the world of cinema, the reason to dig might be clear, but in real life, it’s often shrouded in mystery—especially when it comes to older men suddenly taking on ambitious underground projects. Stories like Burro Schmidt’s 32-year tunnel through a mountain in California and Levon Arakelyan’s intricate, 23-year excavation in Armenia defy simple explanations, reflecting deep personal quests or a hidden sense of purpose that remains elusive. Let’s delve into these two famous cases and explore what might drive such a profound commitment to dig against all odds. Read More "We Are Our Mountains" Monument in Stepanakert This article discusses the "We Are Our Mountains" monument, the most iconic landmark of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh), currently under Azerbaijani occupation. For decades, this monument symbolized the Armenian heritage of Artsakh and was a beloved tourist destination. Read More Review of Naturehike Cloud Up 2-Person Lightweight Backpacking Tent This review reflects my personal experience and thoughts on using the Naturehike Cloud Up 2-person lightweight backpacking tent and is entirely independent and unbiased. Read More Yeghishe Charents Monument in Yerevan The Yeghishe Charents Monument in Yerevan honors the celebrated Armenian poet. Created in 1985, this bronze sculpture symbolizes his life and legacy with 40 springs and a memorial column inscribed with lines from his poetry. Read More The Unreachable Mother Armenia During a conversation with G. Mattu, an expert in Soviet Armenian public and fine art, I asked him which monument was his favorite. He replied, "The unreachable one." He was referring to Mother Armenia, also known as Arevik (Sun), a striking statue located on the Armenia-Azerbaijan border within Armenian territory. Read More Hiking in Armenia - The Best Trails Across 10 Regions In this article, I have selected the best hiking places to visit in Armenia, organized region by region (10 regions). This article is a perfect guide for those seeking quick insights into the top hiking trails. Whether you're looking for easy paths or challenging mountain ascents, Armenia offers something for every outdoor adventurer. From the towering peaks of Mount Aragats to the verdant forests of the Lori Region, Armenia's trails reveal a wealth of hidden treasures—ancient monasteries, imposing fortresses, dramatic gorges, and serene high-altitude lakes. Experience the best of Armenia’s diverse landscapes by joining my guided hiking tours and embark on an unforgettable outdoor adventure through the country's most captivating hiking destinations. Read More World’s Tallest Statue of Jesus to Be Erected in Armenia In 2025, Armenia will unveil the world’s tallest statue of Jesus Christ, a monumental addition set to become a landmark attraction, enhancing tourism in Armenia. Standing at an impressive 33 meters and placed on a 44-meter pedestal, the statue will reach a total height of 77 meters. It will be positioned atop Mount Hatis at an elevation of 2,528 meters in the Kotayk Region, making it a significant highlight for tours in Armenia. Read More Paris Herouni and Orgov Radio-Optical Telescope Paris Herouni was a distinguished Armenian scientist known for his groundbreaking contributions to radio engineering and astrophysics. One of his most notable achievements was the construction of the Radio-Optical Telescope (ROT-54/2.6) in the village of Orgov, Armenia. This article explores Herouni’s scientific legacy, including his pioneering experiments and the remarkable features of his radio-optical telescope. Read More Green Boots on Mount Everest Everest, the world's highest peak, stands as an ultimate test of human endurance and ambition. Its imposing height of 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft) attracts adventurers and mountaineers, luring them into its dangerous embrace. Unfortunately, for many, this attraction has become fatal, with over 340 climbers losing their lives in their pursuit to reach or descend from the summit. Interestingly, in some cases, the deaths of these mountaineers have added a layer of fame and mystery to their names. Among the most famous are George Mallory, Maurice Wilson, Scott Fischer, Hannelore Schmatz, David Sharp, Rob Hall, Francys Arsentiev—known as the "Sleeping Beauty"—and the enigmatic figure known as "Green Boots." Read More Saghmosavank: A Must-Visit Monastery on Your Armenian Cultural Tour Explore the rich history of Armenia with cultural tours that take you to Saghmosavank Monastery, a stunning 13th-century Armenian Apostolic complex located in the picturesque Aragatsotn region. Built by Vache A Vachutyan, Saghmosavank stands as a testament to medieval Armenian architecture with its remarkable gavit, library, and acoustics that once filled the air with psalms. Nestled on the scenic cliffs overlooking the Kasakh River, this monastery is a must-visit destination for those who wish to travel Armenia and discover its spiritual heritage. Read More Black Fortress in Gyumri Explore Gyumri city's history by visiting the Black Fortress, a stunning example of 19th-century military architecture built from black tuff stone. This imposing structure played a vital role in Russian military strategy during conflicts with Turkey. Located on a hilltop, not far from Mother Armenia monument, the fortress offers visitors a chance to travel back in time, discover the city’s military past, and enjoy panoramic views. Include the Black Fortress in your travel plans when you explore Armenia’s rich heritage on tours in Armenia. Read More Tufenkian Old Dilijan Complex Discover the Tufenkian Old Dilijan Complex, where history meets comfort. Located in the heart of Dilijan, this beautifully restored site invites you to explore Armenia's rich heritage. Enjoy authentic architecture, cultural workshops, and traditional Armenian cuisine during your stay. Perfect for those looking to experience the charm of old-world Dilijan on their next tour in Armenia. Read More Sevanavank Monastery Explore Sevanavank Monastery, a top touristic destination in Armenia. Located on the Sevan Peninsula, this ancient monastery offers a glimpse into Armenia's rich religious heritage. Join my guided tours in Armenia and uncover its historical and cultural treasures. Read More The Amphitheater in Dilijan Discover the Amphitheater in Dilijan, a unique cultural spot blending history and modernity. Nestled in the "Armenian Switzerland," this Greek-style venue hosts various cultural events. Join my guided tours in Armenia to explore this and other hidden gems. Perfect for those looking to explore Armenia's rich heritage on their next visit. Read More Horomayr Monastery: A Hidden Medieval Treasure in Armenia's Lori Region Explore the hidden beauty of Horomayr Monastery, a medieval architectural wonder in Armenia's Lori region. Perfect for those seeking outdoor adventure, this site offers stunning views of the Lori Gorge and is a must-visit on your tours in Armenia. Hike in Armenia along the scenic trails that lead to this captivating destination and discover the ancient treasures of Horomayr Monastery. Read More Mother Armenia in Gyumri The "Mother Armenia" monument in Gyumri is a prominent Soviet-era landmark located in the southwestern part of the city, adjacent to the historic Black Fortress. Installed in 1975, this monument is a must-visit for those interested in Soviet monuments and art, making it an essential addition to any tour package in Armenia. Read More Mother Armenia in Ijevan city The "Mother Armenia" monument in Ijevan is one of Armenia's most iconic Soviet-era landmarks, celebrated for its historical significance and striking design. For those interested in Soviet-era monuments or Soviet art, this site is a must-visit and should be included in any tour itinerary in Armenia. Read More Adventure Tours in Armenia Armenia, with its diverse landscapes, towering mountains, and rich history, is a paradise for adventure seekers. The country offers an array of thrilling activities, from off-roading through rugged terrains to paragliding over scenic valleys. Whether you're looking to conquer mountain peaks, explore hidden caves, or glide through the skies, Armenia has something for every adrenaline enthusiast. This article will guide you through the top adventure tours in Armenia, highlighting some of the most exhilarating experiences the country has to offer. Read More Beautiful places in Armenia Armenia offers a diverse landscape where ancient history and breathtaking natural beauty come together. From the architectural grandeur of Yerevan Cascade and the spiritual significance of Ejmiatsin Cathedral to the majestic peaks of Mount Aragats and Azhdahak, Armenia is a treasure trove of scenic wonders. This article explores the most beautiful places in Armenia, including iconic monasteries like Sanahin and Haghpat, the serene Dimats Mountain, and the astronomical marvel ROT 54 telescope, offering a journey through the country's rich cultural and natural heritage. Read More Aghasi Khanjyan’s Summer House in Dilijan Located in Dilijan, Armenia, Aghasi Khanjyan's summer house was built between 1928 and 1936. Intended for the first secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia, the house was never used for its original purpose due to Khanjyan's untimely death. The house, now in ruins, has a mysterious and turbulent history, reflecting the political turmoil of its time. Read More King of the Forest Statue in Dilijan Discover the "King of the Forest" statue by renowned Armenian artist Ara Sargsyan, nestled deep within the woods of Dilijan National Forest. Read More Adventure Tours in Armenia: From Mountain Climbs to Urbex Explorations From the towering peaks of ancient volcanoes to the forgotten relics of its Soviet past, Armenia is a paradise for adventurers who seek both natural beauty and the thrill of discovery. This article will guide you through some of the most exciting adventure tours in Armenia, including mountain climbs and urban exploration, also known as urbex. Read More Staring in Armenia: Cultural Curiosity and Interest If you're visiting Armenia, you might notice that people tend to stare a bit more than you're used to. As a guide, this is one of the most common questions I get from tourists: "Why do Armenians stare?" It's a valid observation and one that opens a window into the nuances of Armenian culture and the human tendency to observe the unfamiliar. Read More Tours in Armenia: From Historical Monuments to Natural Wonders As one of the world's oldest civilizations, Armenia is a treasure trove of historical monuments, many of which date back to the early Christian era. At the same time, the country's diverse landscapes, ranging from rugged mountains to serene lakes, make it a paradise for nature lovers. In this article, we'll explore the must-see historical sites and natural wonders that make tours in Armenia an unforgettable experience. Read More Top 5 Reasons to Hire a Local Guide in Armenia While it’s possible to explore Armenia on your own, hiring a local guide can significantly enhance your travel experience. Whether you're interested in hiking in Armenia, visiting historical sites, or simply soaking in the local culture, here are the top five reasons to consider hiring a local guide in Armenia. Read More Brutalist Architecture in the Soviet Union Explore the bold and functional world of Soviet Brutalist architecture. Discover iconic structures like the “Druzhba” Sanatorium in Yalta and the Ministry of Highway Construction in Tbilisi. Learn about the architects behind these monumental designs and the historical context that shaped this unique architectural style. Read More Ultimate Guide to Armenian Wine Discover the rich history and vibrant culture of Armenian wine, from the ancient winery in Areni 1 cave to modern vineyards producing world-class wines. Learn about traditional winemaking, diverse wine types, popular brands, and the annual Areni Wine Festival that attracts wine enthusiasts from around the globe. Read More Symphony of Stones in Garni Gorge Armenia, renowned for its rich cultural heritage and breathtaking landscapes, is home to a geological wonder known as the Symphony of Stones. Nestled within the picturesque Garni Gorge, this natural hexagonal basalt formation captivates visitors with its unique look. In this article, you will learn how basalt columns are formed and discover some of the most famous places with columnar jointed volcanics. Read More Stone Cairns: From Burial Mounds To Modern Markers Stone cairns, the carefully arranged stacks of rocks found in various landscapes across the world, have a rich history and continue to serve important functions today. These humble piles of stones, while seemingly simple, carry deep cultural significance and practical utility. Read More Amberd Fortress: The History, Rise, and Fall of This Megalithic Marvel This article provides brief information about the medieval Armenian fortress Amberd. Learn about this iconic stronghold nestled on the slopes of Mount Aragats. Discover its rich history, architectural solutions, and archaeological discoveries. Read More The Chess House in Yerevan Named After Tigran Petrosian The Chess House in Yerevan stands as a testament to Soviet modernism, embodying more than mere architecture—it serves as a sanctuary for chess enthusiasts and a monumental tribute to Armenian chess history. Read More Lake Sevan and Sevanavank Monastery Lake Sevan and the iconic Sevanavank Monastery are not just picturesque sights—they are among the top tourist attractions in Armenia and a reflection of the country’s deep cultural and natural heritage. Nestled on the Sevan Peninsula, Sevanavank Monastery combines breathtaking views, ancient architecture, and spiritual significance, making it a must-visit stop on any Armenia travel itinerary. Before you visit Lake Sevan, take a moment to explore the rich history behind this iconic destination in Armenia. Read More How to Pack Your Hiking Backpack: A Step-by-Step Guide Packing your hiking backpack efficiently can make a huge difference in your comfort and safety on the trail. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to do it right. Read More Famous Armenian Quotes and Sayings Armenian culture is rich with history, traditions, and a profound love for language and expression. Armenian proverbs, quotes, and sayings offer deep insights into the values, wisdom, and worldview of the Armenian people. Read More Hiking quotes Hiking is more than just a physical activity; it's a journey into nature that rejuvenates the soul and offers a sense of peace and accomplishment. Whether you're an avid hiker or a novice just starting out, a good quote can provide the perfect motivation to lace up your boots and hit the trail. Read More How to Find Abandoned Places: A Guide for Urban Explorers Exploring abandoned places can be a thrilling and enriching experience, offering a unique glimpse into the past and a chance to discover forgotten stories. Whether you're a seasoned urban explorer or a curious newcomer, finding these hidden gems requires a mix of research, patience, and respect for the locations you visit. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to find abandoned places for your next adventure. Read More A Visit to the Tumanyan Matchbox Label Museum If you are traveling across the Lori region and looking for something special, something different, then this museum in Tumanyan town is for you. Here, you can find a cozy museum of matchbox labels and a unique café named Flying Samovar. Read More Modernist Architectural Masterpiece - Rossia Cinema in Yerevan Rossia Cinema commissioned in Yerevan in 1974, is considered one of the most remarkable Soviet-era modernist structures in the city. The architects, Artur Tarkhanyan, Spartak Khachikyan, and Hrachya Poghosyan, were awarded the prize of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for this project in 1979. The cinema was privatized in 2004, and in 2006, part of the structure was transformed into the trade and cultural center "Rossia," which currently functions primarily as a commercial space. Read More The Largest Yazidi Temple in the World – Quba Mere Diwane Discover Quba Mere Diwane, the world's largest Yazidi temple, located in Aknalich, Armenia. Built by businessman Mirza Sloyan and designed by Artak Ghulyan, this stunning 25-meter-high temple features seven domes and a museum. Learn about its dedication to Yazidi angels and its cultural significance. Read More Kond Mosque in Yerevan Kond is an old district in the eastern highlands of Yerevan within the boundaries of the modern Kentron administrative district. It is one of the oldest districts of Yerevan. In the Kond district, there are many historical buildings, including the famous Shia Islamic Tapabashi Mosque, built in 1687. Read More The most beautiful churches in Armenia Planning to visit Armenia and explore its most beautiful religious sites? This article serves as a useful tourist guide. From the iconic Etchmiadzin Cathedral to the recently built Quba Mere Diwane Yazidi temple, each site offers a glimpse into Armenia's rich religious history and stunning architectural heritage. Discover these timeless treasures and immerse yourself in Armenia's spiritual and cultural legacy. Read More Blue Mosque in Yerevan Blue Mosque stands as a significant landmark in Yerevan, attracting both Muslim pilgrims and tourists. Built in 1766 by Sardar Husein-Ali Khan, it replaced an earlier mosque destroyed in a 1679 earthquake. Despite Soviet-era threats, it was preserved and now serves as a place of worship after reconstruction efforts in the 1990s and 2000s. Read More An Armenian church with a unique design This church in Mrgashat village, Armenia, boasts a design that immediately caught my eye! I had never seen any church in Armenia with wooden columns before, making it truly stand out Read More A unique monument in Armenia destroyed by Azerbaijani vandals Explore the poignant history of a unique Armenian monument destroyed by Azerbaijani vandals in Soviet times Read More Quotes about the Armenian Genocide The Armenian Genocide stands as one of the most tragic and harrowing events of the 20th century, during which an estimated 1.5 million Armenians lost their lives at the hands of the Ottoman Empire. Throughout history, numerous renowned figures from various fields have spoken out against this horrific chapter of human tragedy, condemning the atrocities committed and advocating for justice. Here, we delve into some of the poignant statements, (in this list I also included the cynical quote by Adolf Hitler), made by famous individuals regarding the Armenian Genocide. Read More Soghomon Tehlirian’s Statue in Armenia On April 22, 2015, amidst the somber reflections on the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, a powerful symbol of justice emerged in Maralik city, Armenia. Standing tall near the Maralik Culture Palace, a 4 meter tall bronze statue of Soghomon Tehlirian was unveiled. Read More A Visit to Emirates National Auto Museum If you are someone who loves cars, especially historic ones, then this museum is for you! While in United Arab Emirates, don’t hesitate to visit and explore its vast collection of rare and luxurious cars. I loved it and strongly recommend it to fellow car enthusiasts! Read More Garmont Boots Review: My Experience and Thoughts Finding boots that fit my size 48 feet has always been a challenge. After an extensive search, I finally discovered the Garmont Scarponi Pinnacle GTX boots in size 48. Here is my quick review of these boots. Read More Konrad Lorenz's life as a prisoner of war in Armenia During and after World War II, thousands of German prisoners of war were transported to Armenia, where they participated in various labor projects. The total number of prisoners of war in Armenia amounted to around 16,160. Among them was the renowned Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist Konrad Lorenz, who later shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch. Read More Dervla Murphy - A Fearless Explorer on Two Wheels Dervla Murphy, the intrepid Irish touring cyclist and acclaimed travel writer, left an indelible mark on the world with her daring adventures. Born on November 28, 1931, in Lismore, County Waterford, she spent over 50 years chronicling her remarkable journeys across continents. Let’s delve into the captivating life and travels of this extraordinary woman. Read More Heinz Stucke - The Man Who Wanted to See It All Heinz Stucke, born on January 11, 1940, is a remarkable German cyclist whose extraordinary journey has taken him across the globe on a three-speed bicycle. Embarking on his epic adventure in August 1962 from his hometown, Hövelhof, Stucke has traversed an awe-inspiring 196 countries, covering a staggering distance of over 600,000 kilometers. This cycling odyssey has not only set records but also defined Stucke's life in a way that few can fathom. Read More Che Guevara’s Travels – The Motorcycle Diaries and More Before becoming a world-renowned revolutionary and a symbol of revolutions, Ernesto Guevara de la Serna was an Argentine medical student weary of school and eager to explore the world. Operating on a tight budget, he initially embarked on long bicycle rides. Later, challenged to go on a solo journey, he covered 4,000 miles. After his return, accompanied by his friend Alberto Granado, they set off on a 1939 Norton 500cc Poderosa II ("The Mighty II") for another epic adventure. The journey spanned Argentina, Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, and Miami, before Guevara returned home to Buenos Aires. Read More Che Guevara's first journey on a motorized bicycle This article is about Che Guevara’s solo trip across central and northern Argentina on a motorized bicycle, covering a distance of approximately 4,000 miles. It ignited a stronger passion within the heart of the young explorer and unfolded new horizons for him. This marked only the commencement of his unfolding journey. Read More Max Reisch - Pioneering the First Overland Journey from Europe to India Explore the extraordinary life of Max Reisch, a pioneering travel writer and adventurer. From motorcycle odysseys across Africa and India in the 1930s to circumnavigating the globe in a Steyr 100, Reisch's legacy, filled with daring exploits, inspires wanderlust and exploration. Read More Gleb Travin - The Badass Cyclist Who Crossed 85,000 km In 3 Years Gleb Leontievich Travin (1902-1979) was a Soviet traveler who, between 1928 and 1931, undertook an extraordinary journey cycling around the perimeter of the Soviet Union, including the Arctic coast. Covering over 85,000 kilometers, this epic adventure was accomplished in an era when bicycles were far less comfortable and reliable than they are today. Read More The Real Story Behind the Movie Against the Ice Explore the untold story behind the film 'Against the Ice.' Delve into the historical 1906 Denmark Expedition, its tragic challenges, and Ejnar Mikkelsen's gripping journey, as depicted in the film. Uncover the real events, hardships, and survival that inspired this Netflix release. Read More The story of Juliane Koepcke who survived a plane crash and the Amazon jungle In 1971, 17-year-old Juliane Koepcke boarded a plane destined for Christmas with her mother. Their journey took a tragic turn when lightning struck the aircraft, causing it to disintegrate mid-flight. Juliane, still strapped to her seat, plummeted 2 miles into the dense Amazon rainforest. Miraculously, she survived the fall, sustaining injuries like a broken collarbone and deep gash on her arm. This is her story. Read More Inclined to Escape - The Daring Journey of Yuri Vetokhin from Soviet Chains Meet the incredible Yuri Aleksandrovich Vetokhin (March 19, 1928 – March 6, 2022), a daring writer and defector who challenged the Soviet Union. Attempting three escapes, he leaped from a cruise ship in 1979, swimming 30 km to freedom. His memoir "Inclined to Escape" vividly recounts his audacious journey. Read More Jumped overboard from a cruise ship to escape from USSR In 1981, oceanographer Stanislav Kurilov defied the Soviet Union's iron grip, escaping through a daring leap off a cruise ship into the Philippine Sea. His incredible journey, marked by challenges and resilience, symbolizes the relentless pursuit of freedom, resonating as a beacon of hope against oppressive regimes, inspiring even today. Read More Vesna Vulovic – she survived the highest fall without a parachute Vesna Vulović's incredible tale unfolds on January 26, 1972, when a Yugoslav Airlines flight tragically exploded mid-air. As the sole survivor of the highest fall without a parachute, Vulović's journey of resilience captivates the world. Despite severe injuries, her remarkable recovery defied medical predictions. Recognized by Guinness World Records, her legacy continues to inspire, emphasizing the unwavering strength of the human spirit. Vulović's story stands as a testament to survival against all odds and the enduring power of hope. Read More Frederic Dubois's Pioneering Expedition to Armenia Explore the captivating journey of Frederic Dubois de Montperreux (1798-1850), a Swiss-French archaeologist, traveler, and naturalist. Dubois's prolific sketches, including ancient geography, landscapes, architecture, archaeology, and geology, offer a vivid tapestry of Armenia's heritage. Today, his rare books, guarded treasures, are a testament to his extraordinary legacy. Dubois's enchanting descriptions of Yerevan, Etchmiadzin, and Geghard Monastery, with relics guarded by hermit monks, add a unique touch to the exploration of Armenia's rich history. Read More Armenian Alphabet Alley Nestled on the eastern slopes of majestic Mount Aragats, Armenian Alphabet Alley offers a unique journey through the heart of Armenian language and culture. More than just a tourist destination, it's a monument to the enduring spirit of a people and their devotion to their written word. Read More Armenian Last Names Armenian last names, mirroring the culture they represent, boast a rich history and diverse heritage. Approximately 60,000 unique surnames exist in Armenia. Among the most common Armenian last names are Harutyunyan, Hovhannisyan, Hakobyan, Sargsyan, Gevorgyan, Davtyan, Petrosyan, Grigoryan, Abrahamyan, Avetisyan etc. This article is about the history and formation of Armenian last names. Read More Yerevan Cascade - A Stairway to Art and History The Yerevan Cascade is a monumental architectural landmark in the heart of Armenia’s vibrant capital. This massive stairway is one of the city’s top tourist attractions and a must-see for visitors to Armenia. Offering panoramic views from its summit, the Cascade combines striking architecture with outdoor sculpture gardens, capturing the unique spirit of Yerevan. Read More The Bronze Head of Anahit in the British Museum The British Museum in London houses a remarkable artifact from ancient Armenia: the Bronze Head of the Goddess Anahit. This artifact, dating back to the 2nd-4th centuries BC, is a significant representation of the late Hellenistic period. Read More Mother Armenia in Yerevan Mother Armenia is a monumental statue located in Victory Park, overlooking the capital city of Yerevan, Armenia. It is not only a work of art but also an embodiment of the collective image of the Armenian mother, symbolizing the strength and resilience of the Armenian people. Sculpted by Ara Harutyunyan, the statue itself is 22 meters high, mounted on a 33-meter pedestal. In 1967, it was placed on the previously empty pedestal that once held a 17-meter-high statue of Stalin, which stood there until 1962. Read More 127 Hours - Aron Ralston’s Savage Survival Story Aron Ralston, born on October 27, 1975, in Marion, Ohio, is an American mountaineer, mechanical engineer, and motivational speaker. He is best known for his survival story, during which he amputated part of his own right arm following a canyoneering accident. Trapped by a dislodged boulder, Ralston's ordeal unfolds in a battle of wills against despair, hunger, and hallucinations. Documented in his autobiography "Between a Rock and a Hard Place" and the film "127 Hours," Ralston's story inspires with its testament to human resilience. Explore the depths of his physical, mental, and emotional triumphs against all odds. Read More Polar Explorer Fridtjof Nansen’s Visit to Armenia Explore Fridtjof Nansen's compassionate journey in 1925 through post-World War I and post-Genocide Armenia. Discover his dedication to Armenian refugees, canal-building initiatives, and the unique encounters with the country's culture. Join Nansen on this humanitarian odyssey documented in "Gjennern Armenia," shedding light on his profound impact on Armenian history and society. Read More Strange Armenian Traditions Experience the unique traditions of Armenia through this captivating article. Explore the intriguing Red Apple ritual, revealing a cultural perspective on virginity. Delve into the Salty Cookie tradition of St. Sargis feast day, intertwining hope and culinary art. Immerse yourself in Trndez, a festival marking the end of winter with fire rituals and communal celebrations. Lastly, discover Vardavar, Armenia's vibrant water festival rooted in pagan history. Gain insight into Armenia's rich cultural heritage with these engaging narratives. Read More Yererouk – Architectural Masterpiece From Early Christian Period Discover the ancient charm of Yererouk Monastery, an early Christian monument in Armenia dating back to the 4th-5th centuries. Explore its unique architectural design recognized by UNESCO. Uncover the cultural legacy of this symbol, offering a glimpse into Armenia's rich past. Read More Facts About Armenia Armenia, a country rich in history and culture, harbors intriguing and entertaining facts that might surprise you. Here are some of them about this unique country. Read More Armenian Symbols Armenia, a country with a rich history, showcases a vibrant cultural tapestry adorned with numerous symbols reflecting its heritage, beliefs, and traditions. Beyond state symbols like the coat of arms and flag, Armenian culture is teeming with diverse symbols holding deep meanings, resonating with the collective identity of the Armenian people. Read More Armenian Currency Discover the Armenian Dram (AMD), the official currency of the Republic of Armenia, with a history dating back to 1993. Subdivided into 100 luma, it holds cultural significance and showcases rich designs on banknotes and coins. The Central Bank of Armenia oversees its issuance, circulation, and monetary policy. Explore the dram's journey, from commemorative notes to the third series issued in 2018. Immerse yourself in Armenia's monetary heritage, symbolized by the dram sign "֏." Read More Armenian Carpet - A Tapestry of Culture and Tradition Armenian carpets, celebrated for their intricate designs and cultural significance, are timeless masterpieces that encapsulate centuries of craftsmanship and artistic expression. With distinctive features woven using the Armenian double knot and vibrant red filaments derived from Armenian cochineal (Vordan Karmir), these carpets serve as cultural symbols and storytellers. Read More Crushed Plane on the Slopes of Mount Aragats Explore the captivating tale of the crushed plane on the slopes of Mount Aragats, although regrettably, it is no longer there. In 1978, Armenfilm studio transported the plane from Erebuni Airport to the slopes of Mount Aragats to recreate a scene of a crashed plane and shoot a movie based on Henri Troyat's novel "Snow in Mourning". Read More Tuff Stone and Armenian Architecture Explore the rich history and unique properties of tuff, a volcanic rock, through our article. Discover why Armenians consider it a national stone, widely used in construction and crafting khachkars. Learn how tuff buildings, especially in Yerevan, the "pink city," offer natural ventilation and temperature stability. Uncover the diverse colors of Armenian tuff and its significant role in shaping iconic structures. Read More Exploring Voghjaberd Caves For a considerable period, each time I returned from Garni to Yerevan, high in the mountains, I observed hollows rising above the Voghjaberd village, known as the Voghjaberd caves. Finally, I decided to stop procrastinating, and together with Menua we are on the way to explore those caves! Read More Nemesis Monument in Yerevan Explore the Nemesis Monument, a fountain-memorial in Yerevan's Circular Park, dedicated to the heroes of the 1919 Nemesis operation. Unveiled on April 25, 2023, with grandeur, the monument features the names of courageous figures like Soghomon Tehlirian and Artashes Gevorgyan. Symbolizing national resilience and justice, it commemorates the victims of the Armenian Genocide. This poignant piece of art serves as a reminder that crimes against humanity must not be overlooked, echoing the Armenian people's determination to seek justice and restore dignity to their nation. Read More Mount Ararat and Noah’s Ark Explore the captivating tale of biblical Mount Ararat, an extinct volcano towering over the Armenian Highland. While today under Turkish control, it remains an epic symbol for Armenia. Delve into the intriguing quest for Noah's Ark, from ancient claims to contemporary explorations. Uncover the Durupinar site's mystery, its petrified ship-like formation, and the Chinese explorers' claim in 2010. Could this discovery turn into a tourist hotspot, or is it just another silent chapter in Mount Ararat's enigmatic history? Read More The difference between a hill and a mountain When we gaze upon the diverse landscapes that Earth offers, we often encounter varying elevations, from gentle slopes to towering peaks. Two common landforms that share this vertical dimension are hills and mountains. While the terms are frequently used interchangeably, there are distinct characteristics that differentiate them. Read More Reinhold Messner's Acclimatization Process During His 1980 Solo Ascent to Mount Everest On August 20, 1980, Reinhold Messner, a mountaineer from South Tyrol, achieved the unthinkable. He became the first person to ascend Mount Everest, the world’s highest peak, alone and without the aid of supplemental oxygen. This feat was not just a testament to Messner’s physical endurance but also his mental fortitude and meticulous planning, particularly his acclimatization process. Read More Mountains in Armenia Armenia's mountains are not just geographical features; they are a significant part of the country's cultural heritage and national identity. Whether you're an avid hiker, a history enthusiast, or simply someone who appreciates natural beauty, the mountains of Armenia offer something for everyone. Exploring these sites against the backdrop of the towering peaks creates a unique and unforgettable experience. Read More Hello in Armenian and other useful phrases Armenia's unique culture and warm hospitality make it an ideal destination for travelers seeking an enriching experience. By familiarizing yourself with these basic Armenian phrases, you'll not only enhance your ability to navigate the country but also connect with the locals on a deeper level. So, pack your bags, learn a few words, and get ready to explore the beauty of Armenia! Read More Armenian Khachkar - From Cross to Culture In the realm of Armenian art, the khachkar stands as an enduring symbol of spirituality, craftsmanship, and cultural identity. Carved with precision and adorned with intricate motifs, these memorial steles have weathered centuries, each telling a story etched in stone. From their humble beginnings in the 9th century to their recognition as UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, the journey of khachkars is as captivating as the artistry itself. Read More Where is Armenia In this article, you will learn about Armenia, an ancient country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia, nestled south of the Caucasus Mountains. It is bordered by Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran, and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhichevan. Discover the enduring legacy of Armenia, with Yerevan at its heart—its presence recorded on ancient Babylonian clay maps and the Behistun Inscription, confirming its status as one of the world’s oldest countries. Read More Armenian Eternity Symbol Explore the rich history and cultural significance of the Armenian eternity symbol, also known as "arevakhach." Uncover the origins and meanings embedded in this ancient emblem that has transcended time, serving as a symbol of identity for the Armenian people. From its early appearances in petroglyphs to its prevalence in architecture, khachkars, and even Armenian rug weaving, discover how this enduring symbol continues to play a vital role in art and spiritual culture, reflecting the timeless heritage of Armenia. Read More Spear of Destiny - Geghard Geghard, the Spear of Destiny, also known as the Holy Lance or the Spear of Longinus, is a legendary relic with a history shrouded in myth and mystery. According to Christian tradition, the spear is said to be the weapon that allegedly pierced the side of Jesus as he hung on the cross during his crucifixion. Several relics are claimed to be fragments of the Holy Lance or the spearhead itself. Some of the most renowned locations housing these relics include Vienna, Austria, where the most famous relic is kept in the Hofburg Palace; Rome, Italy, where a significant relic is housed in the Vatican Museum; and Vagharshapat, Armenia, where a spearhead is displayed in the Museum of the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin. In this article, we will primarily focus on the relic housed in Vagharshapat, Armenia, which was preserved in the Ayrivank Monastery for 500 years. Read More Armenian Religion In 301 AD, Armenia became the first nation to officially adopt Christianity as its state religion, a momentous decision influenced by King Tiridates III's conversion under the guidance of St. Gregory the Illuminator. This article provides a concise overview of Armenian religion for those seeking quick insights. Read More Armenian People Discover the rich heritage and physical characteristics of the Armenian people in this insightful article. Uncover the historical evidence tracing their origins, the scientific classification under the Armenoid or Aryan race, and detailed descriptions by notable figures like Renato Biasuti. Explore the unique traits of Armenians, including their distinctive nose, often expressed in statues of cultural icons. Delve into the cultural significance of the nose, its impact on beauty standards, and the prevalence of nose surgery in Armenia. Learn about the dominant Christian faith, historical milestones, and the athletic prowess of Armenians in various sports, from wrestling to chess. Explore what makes the Armenian identity truly fascinating. Read More Armenian Language The Armenian language is a unique and fascinating language with a rich history and culture. As one of the oldest languages in the world, Armenian holds a special place not only as a means of communication but also as a vital aspect of Armenia's identity. Read More Pulpulak - Water fountain in Armenia Armenia, a mountainous country blessed with an abundance of pure and fresh drinking water, has a unique and ingenious way of providing free water to its inhabitants - the Pulpulak. Pulpulak is a distinctive feature of Armenia that leaves a lasting impression on everyone who visits the country. Read More Armenian quotes and proverbs Armenian quotes are expressions of wisdom, humor, and insight that reflect the culture and history of the Armenian people. They often use proverbs, metaphors, and idioms to convey their messages. Here are some examples of Armenian quotes … Read More Barev and other Basic Armenian Phrases If you’re planning a trip to Armenia, learning a few basic phrases in Armenian can greatly enhance your experience. While many Armenians speak English or at least know basic phrases, demonstrating an effort to communicate in the local language can enhance your interactions and leave a positive impression. Read More Funny and famous Armenian sayings Explore the charm of Armenian humor and wisdom through these funny idioms! From expressions of admiration to quirky observations about life, these sayings reveal the heart of Armenian culture. Delve into the meanings behind phrases like "ironing the head" and "let it snow on your brain," and discover the unique ways Armenians express appreciation, respect, and love. Enjoy a delightful journey into the linguistic richness of Armenia! Read More Early Armenian Explorers In this brief article, I am presenting information about early Armenian travelers - brave individuals renowned for not only forging valuable trade and diplomatic connections during their journeys but also acquiring esoteric knowledge from Tibetan monks and Hindi fakirs. Concurrently, Abovyan emerged as the pioneer to ascend the summit of the Biblical Mount Ararat, dispelling notions of an Ark resting there. Additionally he conquered Little Ararat, as well as Mount Aragats (the first recorded ascent). Read More Armenian Cognac and Winston Churchill Explore the rich history of Armenian winemaking dating back 6,000 years, with the discovery of the oldest winery in the Areni caves. Journey through time to 1887 when the first Armenian cognac factory emerged, laying the foundation for a flourishing industry. Discover the pivotal role played by the Shustov family in elevating Armenian cognac to international acclaim, earning the right to be called 'Cognac' after a surprising triumph at the 1900 Paris Exhibition. Uncover the fascinating connection between Winston Churchill and Ararat cognac, a bond so strong that it influenced political decisions and shaped the destiny of an Armenian. Read More Marco Polo about Armenia This brief article is an excerpt from Thomas Wright's book, "The Travels of Marco Polo The Venetian." In the chapters presented below, Marco Polo shares insights about Armenia. The author includes useful footnotes that clarify many archaic names of Armenian locations. Read More The History of Swastika and its Role In Armenian Culture This article navigates through the journey of the swastika, shedding light on its positive connotations while addressing its controversial modern associations. Explore the profound history of the swastika, a symbol embedded in diverse cultures, with a special focus on its significance in Armenia. Delve into the origins, meanings, and the oldest use of the swastika, also known as "arevakhach" in Armenian, symbolizing eternity. Read More My Ascent to Biblical Mount Ararat Mount Ararat stands 5,165 meters tall, captivating everyone who sees it from the Armenian side. Climbing Ararat had been a childhood dream since the moment I first laid eyes on that majestic mountain at the age of 8. Finally, in 2019, I turned my dream into reality and stood at the summit of the biblical Mount Ararat. Here is the story behind my extraordinary journey. Read More Famous Armenian Inventors This article sheds light on Armenian inventors who have made noteworthy contributions to humanity. They serve as examples of how creativity, curiosity, and perseverance can lead to remarkable achievements. Let's celebrate their legacy and honor their memory by learning from their inventions and discoveries and making practical use of them! Read More The Armenian Alphabet - Mesrop Mashtot's Masterpiece Explore the rich history and cultural significance of the Armenian Alphabet, one of the world's oldest writing systems dating back to 405 AD. Learn about its creation by Mesrop Mashtots, delve into the traditional and reformed spellings, and understand its role in writing both Eastern and Western Armenian. Read More Armenia’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites Armenia is a country with a rich and ancient cultural heritage. It has three entries on the UNESCO World Heritage List, each listed under a single name, though some include multiple locations. All of them are monasteries, churches, or closely related religious sites. Together, they reflect the spiritual depth, architectural skill, and artistic achievements of the Armenian people, as well as their historical interactions with other civilizations. Read More Emile Leray’s miraculous escape from the Sahara desert Emile Leray is a French engineer and adventurer who has performed some incredible feats of ingenuity and survival. One of his most remarkable stories is how in 1993 he managed to escape from the Sahara desert on a makeshift motorcycle made out of parts of his broken-down car. This is Emile Leray's survival story... Read More Zvartnots Cathedral - UNESCO World Heritage Site in Armenia Zvartnots Temple is a captivating historical site that anyone interested in Armenian culture and architecture should visit. This article sheds light on this magnificent Armenian architectural marvel, whose ruins stand as a testament to the architectural genius and faith of a bygone era. Read More Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory This article provides a brief overview for those eager to explore the history, scientific achievements, and telescopes of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory. Nestled on the southern slopes of Mount Aragats in the village of Byurakan, at an altitude of 1,500 meters, the observatory has played a key role in the development of astronomy, not only in the Soviet Union but also worldwide. Even today, it is considered one of the most important observatories in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Read More Mountain Climbing Quotes Here are several quotes that capture the essense of mountain climbing – the physical challenge, the mental resilience, the breathtaking beauty, and the deep connection to nature. Whether you're an experienced climber or simply someone who dreams of reaching the top, these words can inspire you to push your limits and embrace the journey. Read More Duduk – Traditional Armenian Musical Instrument Listening to the duduk is an enchanting journey into the heart of Armenia, traversing from the snow-capped peaks of Mount Ararat to the echoing chambers of ancient ruins. This brief article sheds light on the history and technical characteristics of the duduk, a unique and ancient instrument that resonates with rich cultural significance. Read More The Arch of Charents or The Temple Of Ararat If you are planning a trip to the pagan Temple Garni or Geghard Monastery, make sure to stop near the Arch of Charents on your way to enjoy the view towards the biblical Mount Ararat! The following article provides brief information about this popular tourist destination in Armenia. Read More Ivo Zdarsky – The Man Who Escaped The Iron Curtain This is the remarkable story of Ivo Zdarsky, an aircraft designer who gained fame for escaping from Czechoslovakia on a homemade ultralight aircraft. This article sheds light on his courageous journey to freedom. Read More Where is Armenia - Maps, History and Facts Armenia, officially known as the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country located in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. Positioned at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, it is part of the Caucasus region and shares borders with Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Iran to the south, and Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan, to the southwest. Yerevan, the nation's capital, stands as its largest city and primary financial center. Armenia's strategic location reflects its rich and complex history, shaped by centuries of cultural exchange and geopolitical significance. Read More Religion in Armenia Armenia became the first country to adopt Christianity in 301 AD, and since then, religion has played a significant role in shaping the country's culture and history. This article aims to provide brief information about religion in Armenia for those who want to get quick insights! Read More Decathlon Quechua Hiking Shoes Review If you're wondering, "Are Decathlon hiking shoes any good?" or searching for honest Quechua hiking shoe reviews, this article has you covered. I’ll share my personal experience from over 9 years of wearing various Quechua hiking boots — including an in-depth review of my favorite, the Quechua MH100 — to help you decide if they’re the best budget hiking shoes for you. Read More Armenia is among top 10 safest countries Following the 2020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh War and subsequent escalations, many visitors planning a trip to Armenia have questioned the safety of traveling to the country. This brief article aims to shed light on this topic. Read More Armenian Lavash Bread This article offers a brief overview of Armenian Lavash, a staple in Armenian households for centuries and a symbol of Armenian identity. Today, it continues to attract the interest of foreigners keen on the traditions associated with this iconic bread. Read More The Red Bridge - The Oldest Bridge In Yerevan The Red Bridge, built in the 12th century, connected the Yerevan fortress to the Ararat Valley. After being damaged by an earthquake in 1679, it was restored in 1680 and underwent further reconstructions over the centuries. Currently being rebuilt, the bridge has the potential to become a major tourist attraction, offering a glimpse into Yerevan's rich historical and cultural heritage once completed. Read More The Armenian Genocide Memorial and Museum This short article attempts to provide brief information about the Armenian Genocide Memorial complex. By visiting this place, you will not only commemorate the victims but also delve into historical documents, aiming to prevent future tragedies by remembering the past. Read More Chess in Armenia Armenia, with a population of around three million, stands out as one of today's strongest chess nations with a high number of chess grandmasters per capita. Notably, Armenia is the only country where chess is a mandatory subject in schools, compulsory for second, third, and fourth graders. Read More Armenian Gampr - The Best Shepherd Dog This article attempts to shed light on the remarkable world of the Armenian Gampr, also known as the Armenian Wolfhound. Let’s delve into their impressive characteristics, from their strength and agility to their protective nature. Uncover details about their size, bite force, lifespan, temperament, and the factors influencing their cost. Let’s discover the unique and striking appearance of this rare and loyal breed. Read More Geghama Mountains and Azhdahak This article offers concise details about the Geghama mountain range, covering its geography, flora, fauna, and historical monuments. It serves as a valuable tourist guide for those eager to take a hiking trip to Geghama mountains. Read More Hiking and Trekking in Armenia Armenia, a country celebrated for its rich history and stunning landscapes, stands out as a prime destination for outdoor enthusiasts seeking the best places for hiking and trekking. With its surprisingly changing terrain - mountains, valleys, and canyons that hide real gems of architecture - Armenia offers different trekking routes and awesome hiking tours. This article can be a useful guide for outdoor enthusiasts planning to travel to Armenia! Read More Best Climbing Quotes In this article, I’ve compiled a selection of well-known and beloved mountaineering quotes that climbers often use in conversation or for self-inspiration. Read More 1982 Soviet Everest Expedition In 1982, a group of climbers from Soviet Union embarked on a daring expedition to conquer Mount Everest, the world’s highest mountain. This was the first acknowledged Soviet expedition to the Himalayas! Read More A Tourist Guide to Martiros Saryan Park A tourist guide to Martiros Saryan Park in Yerevan. Those who want to take a stroll through the heart of Armenia's capital and buy a painting this is an excellent destination. Who knows, perhaps one of those paintings will adorn your home's walls, creating lasting and delightful memories. Read More Dragons of Azhdahak - Armenia's Megalithic Marvels Explore the mysterious history of Armenian Vishaps also known as Dragons or Dragonstones scattered across the breathtaking landscapes of the Geghama Mountains. Nestled at high altitudes near natural and artificial ponds, these monoliths hold a profound connection to the worship of water. Read More The Big Desert of Tatev If you have taken the Tatev ropeway, you have undoubtedly seen a monastic complex nestled in the gorge, hidden deep in the woods. That's the mysterious Big Desert of Tatev, and a visit promises unforgettable memories! Read More Yerevan Vernissage - A Tourist's Favorite Open-Air Market Yerevan Vernissage stands as a beloved tourist attraction in the heart of Yerevan! In this brief article, I aim to guide you through a must-visit spot during your strolls around the city. If you are the one looking for souvenirs to buy then this market is just for you, each corner holds a piece of local artistry waiting to become a part of your everyday life. Read More Flag of Armenia Adopted by the Armenian Supreme Soviet in 1990, and regulated by the Law on the National Flag passed by the National Assembly in 2006, the flag embodies the nation's history and values. Discover the rich symbolism behind the national flag of Armenia, known as the Tricolour. Read More Garni Temple Nearly every tourist traveling to Armenia visits the pagan Temple Garni in Garni village! In this brief article, you'll discover key facts about Garni Temple, enhancing your trip with valuable insights into Armenia's rich history. Create unforgettable memories as you delve into the cultural richness of this historic site! Read More Azat Reservoir in Armenia! Where Is Located And How To Get There Thanks to its picturesque views and reconstructed road Azat Reservoir has become a popular tourist destination in Armenia in recent years. Those visiting Garni and Geghard and then heading towards Khor Virap and other places of interest in that direction always stop by Azat Reservoir. This article can serve as a useful tourist guide for those planning a trip there. Read More Lake Kari – Armenia’s High Altitude Lake Accessible On Sedan If you’re seeking an unforgettable adventure amidst Armenia’s stunning natural beauty, Lake Kari (translated from Armenian as “Stone Lake”) is a must-visit destination. Perched at an impressive altitude of 3,200 meters on the southern slopes of Mount Aragats, this high-altitude alpine lake offers a perfect blend of hiking adventure and awe-inspiring scenery. Lake Kari serves as a popular starting point for climbing Mount Aragats, making it a key destination for trekking in Armenia and a popular spot for camping. Read More About Soviet Culture Houses Learn about Soviet culture houses which were integral club institutions in former socialist countries. Discover their history and the significant role they played in education and propaganda. Read More Aragats Gravity Hill Aragats Gravity Hill is a fascinating phenomenon encountered on the route to Lake Kari or Amberd fotress. This unique anomaly, referred to as the Aragats anomaly, is a popular point of interest in Armenia, drawing both locals and tourists alike. Read More On who climbed mount Everest first Hillary and Tenzing climbed mount Everest as ordinary men but returned as heroes! Their lives would never be again after summiting the highest mountain! Read More Mount Aragats - Highest Mountain in Armenia Mount Aragats, Armenia’s highest peak, stands as a majestic symbol of the nation’s natural beauty and cultural heritage. Towering at 4,090 meters (13,419 feet), this dormant volcano draws outdoor adventurers and history enthusiasts alike with its awe-inspiring vistas and significant scientific and historical value. This article explores the mountain's fascinating origins, cultural importance, diverse hiking experiences, and the unique gravity-defying phenomenon that make Mount Aragats an extraordinary destination. Read More Best Places For Hiking In Armenia As a professional hiking guide in Armenia with over 11 years of experience, I have led countless tourists through the country’s most breathtaking trails. In this article, I highlight the most popular hiking destinations—ideal for visitors with limited time who want to experience the essence of Armenia’s landscapes. Begin your Armenian adventure today and discover the best hikes this beautiful country has to offer. Read More Best time to visit Armenia Planning to visit Armenia and wondering what’s the best season? This article can serve as a useful tourist guide! BTW Armenia is an absolutely safe country and even at late hours while walking in streets you have no need to worry about your safety! Read More Escape Attempt from the Soviet Union with a Homemade Plane My blog is about traveling, and this is probably the shortest trip I've ever come across. Nevertheless, due to its audacity and ingenuity, I have decided to cover it. Read More Horom's Cyclopean Fortress in Armenia Horom's cyclopean fortress is one of the most mysterious places in Armenia! Erected without mortar these megalithic stones formed a mighty wall, that stood for thousands of years! The methods employed to cut, move, and lift these stones remain a captivating mystery! Read More Megalithic walls of Tghit cyclopean fortress Went for a solo hike to explore the lesser-known Tghit Cyclopean fortress in Armenia. Despite its close proximity to the capital, Yerevan, it remains relatively undiscovered. Nevertheless, this enigmatic destination promises outdoor explorers an enjoyable and mysterious trip! Read More

In this article, I have selected the best hiking places to visit in Armenia, organized region by region (10 regions). This article is a perfect guide for those seeking quick insights into the top hiking trails. Whether you're looking for easy paths or challenging mountain ascents, Armenia offers something for every outdoor adventurer. From the towering peaks of Mount Aragats to the verdant forests of the Lori Region, Armenia's trails reveal a wealth of hidden treasures—ancient monasteries, imposing fortresses, dramatic gorges, and serene high-altitude lakes. Experience the best of Armenia’s diverse landscapes by joining my guided hiking tours and embark on an unforgettable outdoor adventure through the country's most captivating hiking destinations. < Back Hiking in Armenia - The Best Trails Across 10 Regions In this article, I have selected the best hiking places to visit in Armenia, organized region by region (10 regions). This article is a perfect guide for those seeking quick insights into the top hiking trails. Whether you're looking for easy paths or challenging mountain ascents, Armenia offers something for every outdoor adventurer. From the towering peaks of Mount Aragats to the verdant forests of the Lori Region, Armenia's trails reveal a wealth of hidden treasures—ancient monasteries, imposing fortresses, dramatic gorges, and serene high-altitude lakes. Experience the best of Armenia’s diverse landscapes by joining my guided hiking tours and embark on an unforgettable outdoor adventure through the country's most captivating hiking destinations. I’m Suren, a professional hiking guide in Armenia with over 11 years of experience leading and organizing tours. I guide in English and Russian, and I have an intermediate level of German. I offer private and group hiking, sightseeing, off-roading, and urbex tours throughout Armenia. With more than a decade of experience in the tourism industry, I’ve developed extensive expertise in planning safe and memorable adventures. In this article, I’ll share insights on the most popular hiking destinations across Armenia’s 10 regions, helping travelers discover the country’s breathtaking landscapes and hidden gems. Your outdoor adventure in Armenia starts here. Looking for a guide? Feel free to reach out for a personalized itinerary! The best hikes in Aragatsotn Region, Armenia Mount Aragats Lake Kari and mount Aragats Mount Aragats, the highest peak in Armenia, has four summits (Southern, Northern, Western, and Eastern) and rises to 4,090 meters, offering a variety of trekking routes. The most popular route is the climb to the southern summit from Lake Kari, known for its accessibility and relatively easy ascent. Lake Kari is the highest-altitude lake in Armenia accessible by sedan via an old but well-preserved asphalt road. The 4 summits of mount Aragats are named according to their relative geographic position: Northern —4,090 m (13,420 ft) Highest summit in Armenia Western —3,995 m (13,107 ft) Eastern —3,908 m (12,822 ft) Southern —3,888 m (12,756 ft) The distance from Lake Kari to the summit is 5.5 km, with an elevation gain of 688 meters. For those with some hiking experience, I recommend the Western Summit, especially when the snow is manageable (from mid-May to July, melting snow can hinder movement on the slopes). Although more challenging than the southern summit, the panoramic views make the effort worthwhile. This route is 6.5 km one way, with an 800-meter elevation gain. It's a bit steep, but if you're in good physical shape, you can make it without needing technical skills. On the slopes of mount Aragats For pro hikers, the northern summit offers a more demanding climb with steep paths and slippery slopes during the descent, rewarding you with breathtaking panoramic views of the entire region. You can start you hike either from Gegharot Waterfall (3000m) or from Lake Kari (3200m). From Gegharot waterfall the distance is 6km with an elevation gain of 1090 meters. For the Eastern Summit, you can combine it with an ascent to the Northern Summit—if you still have the energy, of course. However, be cautious, as the main challenge of this summit is falling rocks. The leading climber should always be mindful of those ascending behind. Amberd fortress On the way to Lake Kari (accessible on Sedan), you can explore the ancient Amberd Fortress and make experiments when reaching the fascinating Aragats Gravity Hill . At 3,200 meters, Lake Kari offers a refreshing swim—though the water is cold. Are you ready to take the plunge? Aparan Reservoir Loop Trail On Aparan Reservoir Loop Trail Located just 45 km from Yerevan, the Aparan Reservoir Loop Trail is an ideal hiking destination year-round. In winter, snowshoes are advisable due to deep snow cover. The trail offers two routes: the Big Loop and Small Loop, both winding through picturesque pine forests and alpine meadows. The hike culminates at the historic St. Poghos-Petros Basilica, which is partially submerged for several months each year. On clear days, enjoy stunning views of Mount Aragats and the serene reservoir. This trail provides a scenic and enjoyable hike without being overly strenuous. Lake Kari-Tirinkatar-Amberd Fortress Trail Me in Tirinkatar sacred valley! This trail, while slightly challenging due to its 25 km length, promises a highly rewarding hiking experience. Starting from Lake Kari allows for a primarily downhill trek, taking you past Amberd Lake and through the sacred Tirinkatar Valley before concluding near the Amberd Fortress. In Tirinkatar Valley, you'll encounter the ancient Vishaps or dragon stones, which in 2024 were added in the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List. Vishaps (Armenian word for “Dragon”) are basalt stelaes, standing 2-5 meters tall, are among Armenia’s oldest monuments, distinguished by their unique animal carvings and archaeological significance. This trail seamlessly combines history and nature, offering a deep connection to Armenia’s ancient heritage. Lake Rapi We are almost in Geghadzor village where we will park the car and start the hike to lake Rapi Located at an altitude of 3,000 meters, Lake Rapi is a popular hiking destination in Armenia. It offers stunning views of Mount Aragats, particularly its Northern Summit, which is especially beautiful in June and July when it is still covered in snow. The trail to Lake Rapi begins in the village of Geghadzor (2,217 meters) and is a radial route, covering a total distance of 24 kilometers with an elevation gain of 783 meters. The lake is also a favored spot for off-roading enthusiasts. The best hikes in Ararat Region, Armenia Yeranos mountain The view from the top of mount Yeranos Mount Yeranos is a popular hiking destination in Armenia, attracting outdoor enthusiasts like paragliders, off-road drivers, and hunters. Standing at 1,823 meters, it offers one of Armenia's most stunning landscapes. Located near the northern edge of the Ararat Region, the trail starts close to Norashen village and covers 9 km (one way) with an elevation gain of 756 meters. Hikers are rewarded with breathtaking views of Mount Ararat and the Azat Reservoir, as well as a unique landscape typical of this region, offering rare natural beauty. Azat Reservoir Trail Azat reservoir in winter Azat Reservoir, built in 1976, is located in the Ararat Region of Armenia and is a significant body of water formed by the Azat River. The reservoir has a storage capacity of approximately 70 million cubic meters, playing a vital role in the irrigation of the Ararat Valley, especially during the dry season. The Azat Reservoir trail spans 8 kilometers, offering hikers picturesque views of the surrounding landscape including mount Ararat and mount Yeranos. However, it is advisable to avoid the trail during the peak summer months due to extreme heat conditions, which can make the hike challenging and uncomfortable. Armavir Region While Armavir Region is home to renowned tourist attractions such as the Etchmiadzin Cathedral and the Sardarapat Memorial Complex, it is not widely known for hiking opportunities. For now, I will refrain from recommending any trails. Etchmiadzin Cathedral The best hikes in Gegharkunik Region, Armenia Mount Artanish On the way to mount Artanish Climbing Mount Artanish is one of the best hikes in Armenia, offering stunning views of Lake Sevan. Located 70 km from Yerevan in the Gegharkunik region, the hike starts from the Artist's Union Rest House in Shorzha. The trail is 5 km long (one way) with an elevation gain of 560 meters, making it a moderate challenge for hikers. Standing at 2,460 meters, Mount Artanish is the only peak from which Lake Sevan is entirely visible. After the climb, enjoy a refreshing swim in Sevan’s pristine waters—an unforgettable experience on your tours in Armenia! Mount Armaghan Mount Armaghan, located in the Gegharkunik region of Armenia, lies southwest of Lake Sevan, north of the Argichi River valley, at the intersection of the Geghama and Vardenis mountain ranges. The mountain rises to an elevation of 2,829 meters (9,281 feet). At its summit is a small crater lake, approximately 50 meters in diameter and 1.5 meters deep. Positioned within the Geghama mountain range, the peak is situated in the territory of the Verin Getashen community, about 20 kilometers from Martuni. The hike is considered moderately difficult spanning 8.5 km. The summit offers stunning panoramic views of the Gegham Mountains and Lake Sevan, making it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts. Mount Azhdahak A tourist standing at the summit of mount Azhdahak Experience one of the best hikes in Armenia by climbing Mount Azhdahak, the highest summit of the Geghama Mountain Range. Standing at 3,597 meters, this extinct volcano boasts a crater lake, wild landscapes, and traces of ancient petroglyphs. The 5.5 km trail (one way) starts at the foot of Mount Paytasar with an elevation gain of 600 meters, offering moderate difficulty. As you ascend, discover unique flora and fauna and enjoy breathtaking views of Lake Sevan and nearby lakes, making this a must on tours in Armenia! Sevaberd – Lake Akna trail Me hiking around lake Akna Akna Lake, also known as Aknalich, is located at the border of the Kotayk and Gegharkunik provinces of Armenia, near the summit of the Geghama Mountains on the slope of Mount Aknasar. Situated 10 km west of Tsaghkashen village, the lake sits at an altitude of 3,030 meters above sea level and covers an area of 0.5 square kilometers. The lake is primarily fed by snowmelt and natural springs. To reach Akna Lake, hikers typically start from the village of Sevaberd. The trail is a long and challenging 22 km radial route, but the breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and the pristine lake make the effort worthwhile. The best hiking trails in Kotayk Region Mount Hatis Trail Mount Hatis in winter Mount Hatis is a favored hiking destination among locals, offering a moderately challenging trail with stunning panoramic views of the Kotayk region and Yerevan. Known for its distinctive conical shape and rich historical significance, the mountain attracts hikers year-round. The radial trail stretches 5.6 kilometers one way, leading to a summit elevation of 2,528 meters. Located just 2.5 kilometers from the village of Kaputan, Mount Hatis is also the source of the Karasunak springs, which originate from its southern foothills. Mount Ara Almost at the top of Mount Ara! Mount Aragats and Ara's "nose" create a dramatic backdrop Mount Ara, located on the border of the Kotayk and Aragatsotn regions of Armenia, southeast of Mount Aragats, rises to a height of 2,577 meters. This majestic peak offers not only breathtaking views but also a unique opportunity to explore Armenia's rich biodiversity and geological history. The mountain features a variety of hiking trails, including point-to-point, circular, and out-and-back routes, with an elevation gain of 870 meters over an 11 km hike. Relative to its height, the elevation gain presents a little big challenging hike. For comparison, the southern summit of Mount Aragats requires an 11 km hike with a 688-meter elevation gain. From Tegheniq to Tghit Cyclopean Fortress Aerial view of Tghit cyclopean fortress If you’re looking to step off the map and explore hidden gems of Armenia, the trail to Tghit Cyclopean Fortress is an excellent choice. This ancient fortress, dating back to the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age, is situated 2.5 km west of Teghenik village in the Kotayk region, nestled on one of the forested peaks of the Tsaghkunyats mountain range. The hike spans 5 kilometers one way, with an ascent duration of approximately 2.5 to 3 hours. Hikers will gain an altitude of 640 meters, making the journey moderately challenging but rewarding. The trail offers not only a glimpse into Armenia’s rich ancient history but also breathtaking views of the surrounding landscapes, ensuring a memorable experience for adventure enthusiasts. The best hiking trails in Lori Region Odzun – Horomayr – Kobayr Trail Horomayr monastery (the lower complex or Dzoramiji Monastery) The Odzun-Horomayr-Kobayr trail offers an unforgettable experience, showcasing the breathtaking beauty of the Lori Gorge. This 9 km linear trail takes you through a scenic route where you will encounter ancient Armenian churches nestled high among the cliffs. Throughout your hike, you'll be accompanied by the breathtaking views of the Lori Gorge Horomayr Monastery is a stunning medieval complex located 1.5 km southeast of Odzun village in Armenia's Lori region. Built in the 12th and 13th centuries, it comprises two distinct groups of monuments. The lower Horomayr complex is situated on the Debed River's left bank, under a hanging rock, while the upper Horomayr complex, also known as Dzoraezri Monastery, is perched on the valley's edge. The upper complex is also known as Dzoraezri Monastery, and the lower group of monuments was historically referred to as Surb Nshan or Dzoramiji Monastery. Kobayr Monastery Kobayr Monastery, situated near the town of Tumanyan, dates back to the 12th century. This complex includes several medieval churches and is known for its beautiful frescoes and the serene natural surroundings. The monastery was an important cultural and educational center in medieval Armenia. Kayan Fortress Trail Kayan Berd (meaning fortress in Armenia) is a historic fortress located in the Lori province of Northern Armenia. Positioned strategically between the Haghpat and Sanahin monasteries, Kayan Berd is built at the edge of a ridge between two canyons overlooking the Debed River. Kayan Berd extends approximately 120 meters in length and features 15 semi-circular defense towers. Kayan Fortress The fortress is divided into two parts, the upper and lower sections, which are connected by a staircase-like inner gate. Within the territory of the fortress lies the Dsevank Monastery, which the historian Arakel Davrizhetsi refers to as “Tes yev ants” (“See and pass by”). The hike to the fortress is about 1.5 km one way and takes around an hour to reach. The hike can be also combined with Haghpat to Sanahin trail. From Haghpat to Sanahin Haghpat Monastery Haghpat and Sanahin Monasteries, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites, are located in Armenia's Lori Province. Dating back to the 10th-13th centuries, these medieval complexes are renowned for their unique Armenian architecture, intricate stone carvings, and cultural significance, reflecting the flourishing religious and academic life of medieval Armenia. Located in adjacent villages, you can hike from one site to the other. The 11 km trail, taking approximately 4 hours, offers picturesque landscapes of Armenia’s Lori region. During my hikes, we typically start from Haghpat. The best hikes in Shirak Region Mantash Waterfall Trail Mantash waterfall The Mantash Waterfall Trail, a hidden gem in the Shirak region of Armenia, offers a captivating hike through wild and untouched landscapes, culminating at a serene waterfall where hikers can unwind and enjoy the tranquil surroundings. Located 16 km southwest of Mets Mantash village on a right tributary of the Mantash River, this natural monument is officially recognized on the list of state natural monuments by the Ministry of Nature Protection of Armenia. The 14 km trail begins at Lake Kari, providing an immersive experience in Armenia’s pristine wilderness. Trchkan waterfall The trail to Trchkan Waterfall is relatively easy and suitable for hikers of all levels, making it an accessible destination. Trchkan is also popular for off-road adventures. The surrounding area is ideal for picnics and enjoying the natural scenery. The Sarapat-Trchkan trail is approximately 7 km one way and offers a scenic hike to the waterfall, even during winter, when visitors can witness the stunning frozen waterfall. Located on the border of Armenia’s Shirak and Lori provinces along the Chichkhan River, a left tributary of the Pambak River, Trchkan is the highest and most voluminous waterfall in Armenia, standing at 23.5 meters with an average water flow of about 1.5 tons per second. The best hiking trails in Syunik Region Tatev Monastery – Tatev Desert Trail The Big Desert of Tatev One of the most popular trails in Syunik, the route from Tatev Monastery to the Tatev Desert offers a breathtaking descent into the deep gorge. Starting at Tatev Monastery, you can finish the hike at Satan’s Bridge. This easy trail stretches for 6 km and can also be done as a radial route, starting and ending at Satan’s Bridge. Khot - Shinuhayr Trail Me in Hin (Old) Khot The trail starts in the village of Khot and leads to two abandoned villages—Hin Khot and Hin Shinuhayr—before continuing to the village of Shinuhayr. This 7.5 km trail will leave a lasting impression as you explore villages often referred to as the Armenian Machu Picchu. Lichq-Tsaghkar lake Trail This trail features stunning mountain scenery, with a 16 km radial hiking route offering some of the best views in Armenia. The lake is located in the Katar region of the Zangezur Mountains, 8 km southwest of Kajaran, at an altitude of 3,270 meters above sea level, covering an area of 3 hectares. Khustup Mountain Trail Khustup is a prominent mountain peak located in the eastern part of the Syunik Province in Armenia, approximately 10 km southwest of Kapan, within the Khustup-Katari Mountain Range. Standing at 3,201 meters, Khustup Mountain is a popular destination for experienced hikers seeking a challenging climb. The 14 km radial route offers breathtaking views of the Syunik region, particularly stunning in spring and up to midst summer when the slopes are adorned with vibrant wildflowers. The best hiking trails in Tavush Region Lastiver and Okon Monastery Trail The famous "Lastiver Cave" decorated with impressive bas-reliefs! The Lastiver Trail guides hikers through one of Armenia's most captivating forests, renowned for its lush greenery, cascading waterfalls, and ancient caves adorned with historical carvings. The trail to Lastiver spans 7 km, but for those wishing to visit the Okon Monastery, an additional 10 km must be added to the hike. The 17 km route culminates at Okon Monastery, a significant cultural landmark that offers a glimpse into Armenia’s rich monastic heritage. Okon monastery in autumn Situated in the Khachaghbyur Gorge near Yenokavan village in the Tavush region, the church dates back to 1863, and in front of it stands a winged khachkar (cross-stone) from the 12th-13th centuries. This scenic trail is accessible year-round, making it a perfect blend of nature and history. Matosavank - Jukhtak Loop Aerial photo of Matosavank monastery Matosavank - Jukhtak Loop, situated in Dilijan National Park, Tavush, is an easy 4.5 km trail. The path takes you to the 13th-century Jukhtak Monastery and then proceeds to Matosavank, another 13th-century monastery. The trail winds through dense forests, offering fresh air and a quick nature walk for those seeking a relaxing stroll. It will take you like 2 hours to complete. Mount Apakeqar Mount Apakeqar as seen from Dimats Trail Apakeqar is a mountain peak located in the Tavush Province of Armenia, in the southwestern section of the Ijevan mountain range, northeast of Haghartsin village and 1.5 km east of Hovk village, standing at an elevation of 1,651 meters. The 12 km linear hike begins in Hovk village and concludes in Haghartsin village, offering spectacular views, especially from the Haghartsin side. Despite its rugged appearance, the rocky summit is relatively accessible, making it an inviting challenge for hikers. Mount Dimats Embark on a guided hiking tour to Mount Dimats, a prominent peak in Armenia’s Tavush Region. This challenging 8.5 km (one way) linear trail, starting and ending at Teghut village, ascends 1,260 meters, offering spectacular views of Shaghot Waterfall and dramatic cliffs. The hike, which takes around 7.5 hours , is renowned for its scenic beauty and rewarding vistas. From Lake Parz to Goshavank Lake Parz in Dilijan National Park The Parz Lake to Gosh Village hike offers a moderately easy and scenic trail within Armenia's Dilijan National Park. This 6.3 km point-to-point route, taking about 2.5 hours, ascends 230 meters and descends 340 meters. Hikers will enjoy vibrant wildflowers and diverse bird species. The trail starts at Parz Lake and ends near the historic Goshavank Monastery, providing a refreshing escape with stunning natural beauty throughout the year. Those eager to hike more can continue their hike and reach Gosh lake. The best hiking trails in Vayots Dzor Region The Spitakavor Monastery trail is a 9 km route located in the Vayots Dzor Province of Armenia. Starting from Vernashen village (you can park your car near Gladzor University Museum and start your hike from there), the trail leads to the 14th-century Spitakavor Monastery. Exploring Spitakavor monastery Spitakavor Monastery is also the final resting place of Armenian national hero, military leader, and political figure Garegin Nzhdeh. In 1983, Nzhdeh’s remains were secretly transferred from a cemetery in Vladimir, Russia, to Armenia with the help of his brother and a photograph of his grave. The monastery complex was restored in the 1960s-70s and again in 2006. Smbataberd – Tsaghats Kar – Zorats Monastery trail The Smbataberd – Tsaghats Kar – Zorats Monastery hike is a 10.5 km route, perfect for those keen to explore Armenia's rich cultural heritage. This moderate 5-hour trek leads through diverse terrain, featuring the 5th-century Smbataberd fortress, attributed to Syunyat prince Smbat. The route includes the enigmatic Tsaghats Kar Monastic Complex, with its two distinct groups of structures separated by 200 meters, including the 10th-century Surb Karapet and 989-built Surb Hovhannes churches. The hike concludes in the historic village of Yeghegis near Zorats Monastery, built in 1303 by the Orbelian princes. With a 600-meter altitude gain, this trail offers an enriching blend of nature and history. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

This article offers concise and valuable information for anyone planning to conquer Mount Aragats! Whether you're looking to climb Aragats on your own or seeking a guide, having a clear understanding of what lies ahead can be incredibly helpful. Lace up your boots, and let's get started! < Back Hiking Guide to Climbing Mount Aragats: Tips for Your Upcoming Tour This article offers concise and valuable information for anyone planning to conquer Mount Aragats! Whether you're looking to climb Aragats on your own or seeking a guide, having a clear understanding of what lies ahead can be incredibly helpful. Lace up your boots, and let's get started! As a professional guide who leads tours to Mount Aragats dozens of times each year, I share my firsthand knowledge in this article. Back in 2010, when our lecturer from Yerevan State University first guided us to the northern summit of Mount Aragats, we made plenty of mistakes along the way. Today, I pass on those lessons, offering practical tips to help you avoid common errors and get the most out of your hike—without wasting unnecessary energy or fuel. Mount Aragats hiking season All four summits of Mount Aragats are accessible and do not require technical climbing skills. However, good physical condition, proper gear, sufficient food, and plenty of water are essential. I usually take 2 liters of water for the Southern or Western summits and like 3 liters for Northern and Eastern summits. Please note that there are no water sources on the way to the Western or Southern summits. When hiking to the Northern or Eastern summits, you may find drinking water in the Gegharot River or its tributaries, but this is at your own risk. The road to lake Kari in midst May! The hiking-friendly season begins at the end of May and lasts until mid-October. In June, melting snow still covers the ground, making the hike a bit challenging—sturdy boots are essential to keep your feet dry. From mid-September, snowfall begins to lightly cover the ground, but it’s usually not deep enough to hinder movement. This photo was taken at the end of October 2025. This section of the road is only about 1–1.5 km from Lake Kari and is fully exposed to strong winds and snowdrifts, which often cover the ground and block the road. That morning, we got stuck here. Fortunately, we soon heard a bulldozer engine start up, and while we were warming up with coffee, it came down, cleared the road, and freed us. The routes to mount Aragats There are two main starting points for climbing Mount Aragats: Lake Kari (3200m) Gegharot Waterfall (3000m) The most popular starting point is Lake Kari, the highest lake in Armenia (3,200 meters above sea level), which is accessible by sedan thanks to an old but relatively well-maintained asphalt road. The distance from Republic Square in Yerevan to Lake Kari is 61 km. There are two routes to reach the lake: one through Byurakan village and the other through Artashavan village. If you're driving a sedan, it’s recommended to take the route through Byurakan, despite the numerous sharp turns. A memorable photo on the shore of Lake Kari, guiding a group from Singapore to the southern summit of Mount Aragats! From this point, you can climb all four summits, though you will need to navigate significant altitude changes (losses and gains), especially when tackling the Northern and Eastern summits. All 4 summits of mount Aragats The most popular hiking destination is considered to be the Southern summit, which is the easiest and most accessible. Southern Aragats — 3,888 m (12,756 ft) Distance from lake Kari : 5.5 km (one way) Altitude Gain : 688 meters Duration : 2.5–3 hours (ascent). Descent takes around 2 hours. Aerial photo of Southern Aragats You can follow either the classical route, which winds up towards the summit slightly inclined to the west, or take the ridge, which offers breathtaking views of the crater and the Northern and Eastern summits! This trail is more challenging, but the views are worth it and are recommended for skilled hikers. Frozen lake Kari and mount Aragats To climb the Western summit, you can first ascend the Southern summit and then descend to the saddle between the two. Sometimes, when I'm tired at the saddle, I leave my backpack behind and carry only half a liter of water for the final 40-minute push to the Western summit. This way, you can conquer two summits in one day. Alternatively, you can head straight for the Western summit by following the path that leads to the saddle between the Western and Southern summits before ascending. Afterward, descend back to the saddle and conquer the Southern summit as well. The summit of the Northern Aragats; the highest point in Armenia! Western Aragats — 3,995 m (13,107 ft) Distance from lake Kari : 6.5 km (one way) Altitude Gain : 800 meters Duration : 3.5–4 hours (ascent). Descent takes around 3 hours. Unlike the Southern summit, the slopes of the Western summit are steeper, and there are many loose stones. The lead hiker should always be vigilant about falling rocks, especially when others are climbing behind. The breathtaking views from the summit make it all worthwhile. Northern Aragats Moving on to the Northern and Eastern Summits There are two usual starting points for the Northern and Eastern summits: Lake Kari (3,200 meters) and Gegharot Waterfall (3000 meters) . From Lake Kari, the distance to the Northern summit is 14 km (one way), while from Gegharot Waterfall, it is only 6 km. However, the Gegharot route requires an off-road car, while for lake Kari you can even grab a taxi. Northern Aragats — 4,090 m (13,420 ft) Distance : 6 km (one way, from Gegharot Waterfall) Altitude Gain : 1,090 meters Duration : 4.5 hours (ascent). Descent takes around 3.5 hours. During this hike, you’ll pass several small and large waterfalls. Southern and Western summits are connected by a saddle, making it easier to move between the two. Similarly, the Northern and Eastern summits are connected by a narrow saddle. However, for the Eastern summit, the route is littered with loose stones, posing a risk of falling rocks. Once again, hikers coming from behind must be extremely careful. For the Eastern summit, it’s better to start before reaching Gegharot Waterfall. In this case, you’ll walk along a narrow ridge and avoid ascending into the crater, which is typically required for climbing the Northern summit. However, selecting the right starting point requires some knowledge, as the hike begins at the foot of the Eastern summit. Eastern Aragats Eastern Aragats — 3,908 m (12,822 ft) Distance: 4.5 km (one way) Altitude Gain: 1,200 meters Duration: 3.5–4 hours (ascent), approximately 3 hours (descent) The Northern summit has two peaks: a "real" summit and a "false" summit. Hikers first reach the false summit. From there, the path to the real summit may look intimidating, but skilled hikers can manage it even without ropes. At the true highest point of Armenia, you’ll find a metal cross. Southern and Western summits of mount Aragats as seen from the top of the Northern Aragats Is It Possible to Climb All Four Summits in One Day? Yes, it’s possible if you’re in excellent physical shape. However, for my tours, I recommend taking two days for climbing. Day 1 : Start from Lake Kari, climb the Southern and Western summits, then camp in the crater. Day 2 : Climb the Northern and Eastern summits, then descend to Gegharot Waterfall, where transportation will be waiting. For a guided hiking tour to mount Aragats follow this link! For a private guided hike to Mount Aragats, feel free to contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

In 2025, Armenia will unveil the world’s tallest statue of Jesus Christ, a monumental addition set to become a landmark attraction, enhancing tourism in Armenia. Standing at an impressive 33 meters and placed on a 44-meter pedestal, the statue will reach a total height of 77 meters. It will be positioned atop Mount Hatis at an elevation of 2,528 meters in the Kotayk Region, making it a significant highlight for tours in Armenia. < Back World’s Tallest Statue of Jesus to Be Erected in Armenia In 2025, Armenia will unveil the world’s tallest statue of Jesus Christ, a monumental addition set to become a landmark attraction, enhancing tourism in Armenia. Standing at an impressive 33 meters and placed on a 44-meter pedestal, the statue will reach a total height of 77 meters. It will be positioned atop Mount Hatis at an elevation of 2,528 meters in the Kotayk Region, making it a significant highlight for tours in Armenia. Initiated and funded by businessman Gagik Tsarukyan, leader of the Prosperous Armenia Party and former Member of Parliament, the statue was designed by architect Armen Samvelyan, whose proposal was selected from over 200 submissions in a competition. The groundbreaking ceremony took place in July 2022, and by the end of October 2024, the statue was already completed. My visit on September 8 confirmed its impressive scale, with three large segments lying side by side in Zovuni village, awaiting transportation to the top of mount Hatis and final assembly. The Upper Section of the Jesus Statue The statue will be accessible by 1,700 steps leading up the mountain, and a ropeway will also be installed to transport visitors directly to the statue, enhancing accessibility for tourists. This grand project is poised to become a major draw for those exploring Armenia’s unique blend of ancient culture and modern attractions. While the project has been approved by the government and is expected to significantly boost tourism in Armenia, it has not been without controversy. The Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin has voiced opposition, arguing that the statue does not align with the centuries-old worship traditions of the Armenian Church. Despite differing views, the statue of Jesus on Mount Hatis is anticipated to attract visitors worldwide, offering a striking symbol of faith set against the breathtaking landscape of Armenia. https://video.wixstatic.com/video/103e0a_b9f521e47c1a45ab950f5f7a3b7c5888/720p/mp4/file.mp4 This video animation shows how Jesus statue and its surroundings will look This project represents an exciting new chapter in Armenia’s tourism landscape, inviting travelers to experience not only a stunning new monument but also the enduring spirit and traditions of this ancient land. The coordinates of the Jesus statue at Armen Samvelyan's workshop are available on my Telegram channel. https://t.me/armenianexplorer_ru/3 3 Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Explore the hidden beauty of Horomayr Monastery, a medieval architectural wonder in Armenia's Lori region. Perfect for those seeking outdoor adventure, this site offers stunning views of the Lori Gorge and is a must-visit on your tours in Armenia. Hike in Armenia along the scenic trails that lead to this captivating destination and discover the ancient treasures of Horomayr Monastery. < Back Horomayr Monastery: A Hidden Medieval Treasure in Armenia's Lori Region Explore the hidden beauty of Horomayr Monastery, a medieval architectural wonder in Armenia's Lori region. Perfect for those seeking outdoor adventure, this site offers stunning views of the Lori Gorge and is a must-visit on your tours in Armenia. Hike in Armenia along the scenic trails that lead to this captivating destination and discover the ancient treasures of Horomayr Monastery. Horomayr Monastery is a stunning medieval architectural complex located 1.5 km southeast of Odzun village in the Lori region of Armenia. Built in the 12th and 13th centuries, this complex consists of two distinct groups of monuments. The lower Horomayr complex is situated on the left bank slope of the Debed River, nestled under a vertically hanging rock, while the upper Horomayr complex is perched higher on the valley's edge. The upper complex is also known as Dzoraezri Monastery, and the lower group of monuments was historically referred to as Surb Nshan or Dzoramiji Monastery. The upper Horomayr complex known as Dzoraezri Monastery Dzoraezri Monastery features two churches, a vestibule, and a medieval cemetery on its western side. The Dzoramiji Monastery includes a small church-bell tower, a separate hall, chapels, khachkars, and rock carvings, all arranged in a harmonious row. From the upper complex, a breathtaking view of the Lori Gorge and the lower complex unfolds, captivating tourists who often find themselves sitting on the edge of the cliff, soaking in the majestic scenery. The lower Horomayr complex known as Dzoramiji Monastery The lower Horomayr complex is also a popular hiking destination, with a trail that starts in the center of Odzun village, winds through the Horomayr complex, and ends at Kobayr Monastery. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

The British Museum in London houses a remarkable artifact from ancient Armenia: the Bronze Head of the Goddess Anahit. This artifact, dating back to the 2nd-4th centuries BC, is a significant representation of the late Hellenistic period. < Back The Bronze Head of Anahit in the British Museum The British Museum in London houses a remarkable artifact from ancient Armenia: the Bronze Head of the Goddess Anahit. This artifact, dating back to the 2nd-4th centuries BC, is a significant representation of the late Hellenistic period. Anahit (Armenian: Անահիտ) is the goddess of fertility, healing, wisdom, and water in Armenian mythology. In early periods, she was also the goddess of war. By the 5th century BCE, she became the main deity in Armenia alongside Aramazd. The bronze head of Anahit was found in 1872 by an old man named Youssouf, who was digging in his field with a pickaxe, at a depth of around 2 feet (0.61 m), near the village of Sadak. The man uncovered fragments of a bronze statue, including the head and a hand. The head was acquired in Constantinople by Savas Kougioumtsoglou, a Greek antiquities dealer, who passed it to another dealer, Photiades Bey, then the Ottoman ambassador to Italy. Photiades took it to Rome, where it was sold to the art dealer Alessandro Castellani, an Italian goldsmith and collector, who, in turn, sold it to the British Museum in 1873. The Bronze Head of Anahit In a landmark agreement between the Museum of the History of Armenia and the British Museum, the head of the Goddess Anahit will be exhibited in Yerevan for the first time in September 2024. This event marks a significant moment in the appreciation and study of Armenian heritage. Anahit on a 5,000 Armenian dram banknote, in circulation from 1995 to 2005 The Bronze Head of Anahit is not just an artifact; it’s a testament to the rich history and cultural heritage of Armenia. Its journey from Sadak to the British Museum, and soon to Yerevan, is a story worth telling and retelling. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Discover the rich heritage and physical characteristics of the Armenian people in this insightful article. Uncover the historical evidence tracing their origins, the scientific classification under the Armenoid or Aryan race, and detailed descriptions by notable figures like Renato Biasuti. Explore the unique traits of Armenians, including their distinctive nose, often expressed in statues of cultural icons. Delve into the cultural significance of the nose, its impact on beauty standards, and the prevalence of nose surgery in Armenia. Learn about the dominant Christian faith, historical milestones, and the athletic prowess of Armenians in various sports, from wrestling to chess. Explore what makes the Armenian identity truly fascinating. < Back Armenian People Discover the rich heritage and physical characteristics of the Armenian people in this insightful article. Uncover the historical evidence tracing their origins, the scientific classification under the Armenoid or Aryan race, and detailed descriptions by notable figures like Renato Biasuti. Explore the unique traits of Armenians, including their distinctive nose, often expressed in statues of cultural icons. Delve into the cultural significance of the nose, its impact on beauty standards, and the prevalence of nose surgery in Armenia. Learn about the dominant Christian faith, historical milestones, and the athletic prowess of Armenians in various sports, from wrestling to chess. Explore what makes the Armenian identity truly fascinating. Armenians (Armenian: հայեր) are an ethnic group and nation native to the Armenian highlands of West Asia. Regarding the origin of Armenians, there are five historical pieces of evidence written not only by Armenians but also by foreign authors. These include Armenian, Georgian, Greek, Arabic, and ancient Hebrew sources. While foreigners refer to us as Armenians, we use the name (Hay, հայ), traditionally derived from Hayk (Armenian: Հայկ), the legendary patriarch of the Armenians and a great-great-grandson of Noah. According to Movses Khorenatsi (Moses of Khorene), Hayk defeated the Babylonian king Bel in 2492 BC, establishing his nation in the Ararat region. The presence of Armenia on the Babylonian clay slab-map, dating to no earlier than the 9th century BC, further confirms Armenia as one of the oldest countries on earth. In the context of scientific racism, Armenians are classified as belonging to the Armenoid or Aryan race, a now-outdated model developed originally by Europeans in support of colonialism. The term was used by Austrian anthropologist Felix von Luschan and Eugen Petersen in the 1889 book Reisen in Lykien, Milyas und Kibyratis ("Travel in Lycia, Milyas and Kibyratis"). Carleton Coon (1904–81) described the regions of West Asia such as Anatolia, the Caucasus, Iraq, Iran, and the Levant as the center of distribution of the Armenoid race. The 9th World Chess Champion Tigran Petrosian and composer Aram Khachaturian Renato Biasuti, a notable Italian geographer who published many works on physical anthropology, described the Armenoid type as follows: "Opaque-white to brown skin, dark hair, and dark eyes, abundant hair, medium height (166), solid body, broad head, rounded nape, very long face, straight and narrow nose with a high bridge of the nose, thin lips, narrow opening of the eyes." Armenian writer Zabel Yesayan (1878 – 1943) Armenian people are typically characterized as being relatively tall (170 cm), with medium to dark brown or black hair, and fair to medium skin tone. They commonly possess large, round eyes that are usually dark brown, a round, brachycephalic head shape with a straight nape (planokiput), high cheekbones, and a not particularly large jaw. Lips are thin, and only a minority of Armenians have blond hair and blue, green, or hazel eyes. Prominent Soviet-Armenian composer and pianist Arno Babajanian A major distinctive feature of Armenian people is their nose. Anthropologists have calculated that the average length of the nose of Armenians is 58 mm, making it the second-largest in the world after the Kurds. In Armenia, it is even possible to buy a souvenir in the shape of a nose, such as a glasses stand or a magnet. At every step, you can see not only a "living" nose but also a stone one. The noses of prominent Armenian cultural figures, such as Arno Babajanyan, Mher Mkrtchyan, and Yeghishe Charents, are clearly expressed in their statues. However, the subject of Armenian pride is not always desirable. For many girls, a big nose is not a gift but a tragedy. It is no coincidence that the most popular medical intervention in Armenia is nose surgery. Such a nose is not the best option for girls, and many Armenian women prefer to get rid of a big nose through surgery. Me sitting on a nearby wall of Yereruyk monastery The majority of Armenians, around 97%, are Christians belonging to the Armenian Apostolic Church. In 301 AD, Armenia adopted Christianity as a state religion, becoming the first state to do so. Maksim Manukyan - Greco-Roman wrestling champion (80 kg) When it comes to physical performance, Armenians may not excel in team sports (football, basketball) and sports requiring endurance (like long-distance running, skiing, etc.). Our bodies are more adapted to wrestling, weightlifting, boxing, and gymnastics. The fact that many Armenian athletes achieve high results to this day supports this statement. Armenians are also proficient in chess, a mental sport that is highly developed in Armenia and has thousands of active players across all age categories. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk