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  • Armenian Statue "Arshaluys" In Vogue Magazine | Armenian Explorer

    This is a story of one Armenian statue on the Yerevan-Sevan highway, and how it found fame through a Vogue photoshoot with model Jerry Hall. < Back Armenian Statue "Arshaluys" In Vogue Magazine This is a story of one Armenian statue on the Yerevan-Sevan highway, and how it found fame through a Vogue photoshoot with model Jerry Hall. On the Yerevan-Sevan highway stands a magnificent statue known as "Arshaluys” but passengers passing by at a high speed mostly overlook it! Alas, this is a highly esteemed statue crafted by renowned Armenian artist Ara Harutyunyan and erected in 1963. Ara Harutyunyan with the scale model of "Arshaluys" statue The statue gained fame after Norman Parkinson captured the photograph of Jerry Hall standing on it. This photo was later featured in Vogue magazine. In 1982, the same photo was republished in Sunday Times Magazine, this time in color. Here is the story: In 1975, the British Vogue team embarked on their first visit to the Soviet Union, including Central Asia and Soviet Armenia. The team consisted of five members: the renowned British fashion photographer and royal photographer Norman Parkinson, along with magazine models Jerry Hall, Grace Coddington, Wenda Parkinson (Norman Parkinson's wife), and makeup artist German Monteil. "Arshaluys" on the cover of a magazine "Soviet Art" 1965 (4) Norman Parkinson, known for his refined artistic taste, was captivated by Harutyunyan's sculpture, "Arshaluys," located on the Yerevan-Sevan highway. He couldn't miss the opportunity and decided to photograph model Jerry Hall near Ara Harutyunyan's "Arshaluys" sculpture. Parkinson photographed Jerry Hall in a red swimsuit. Thus, Ara Harutyunyan's work and the American model Jerry Hall were immortalized in a single photograph. At that time, Hall was only 19 years old, but managed to appear 40 times on the pages of Vogue magazine and achieved great success not only in fashion, but also in film industry. That same year, in 1975, the photograph was featured in Vogue magazine, and in 1982, in Sunday Times Magazine, as one of Parkinson's finest works. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Previous Next

  • The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri | Armenian Explorer

    In this article, you will learn about the cemetery of German war prisoners in the Slabotka district of Gyumri, where their memory is honored by visitors from Armenia, Germany, and beyond. < Back The Cemetery of German POWs in Gyumri In this article, you will learn about the cemetery of German war prisoners in the Slabotka district of Gyumri, where their memory is honored by visitors from Armenia, Germany, and beyond. During and after World War II, thousands of German prisoners of war were transported to Armenia, where they participated in various labor projects. The total number of prisoners of war in Armenia amounted to around 16,160. Among them was the renowned Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist Konrad Lorenz, who later shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch. I previously wrote an article titled " Konrad Lorenz's Life as a Prisoner of War in Armenia "—feel free to check it out! As in other parts of Armenia, in Gyumri—known as Leninakan during Soviet times—German prisoners of war primarily worked on construction projects in the "Nor Avan" neighborhood. Their labor was also used for road building, and it was these prisoners who laid the stone-paved streets that still adorn the city center today. Sadly, many of these prisoners did not survive long enough to return to their homeland and passed away in Armenia. Today, several cemeteries in Armenia remain preserved where these prisoners were buried. One such cemetery is located in the "Slabotka" district of Gyumri, next to the former prison. Here, 369 German prisoners of war are buried. From time to time, German tourists visit this site to pay their respects to their compatriots. Modest crosses can be seen covering the cemetery, along with an information board and an inscription in German and Russian: 'Here lie the prisoners of war—victims of the Second World War.'" Years ago, the graves were numbered to help relatives from Germany locate the resting places of their loved ones. In the 1970s, the body of a German colonel was taken back to Germany by his family. According to some accounts, one of the former prisoners, after returning to Germany, provided financial support to help establish this cemetery for his fellow countrymen. The cemetery was maintained until the 1988 earthquake. Before the earthquake, the cemetery caretaker was a man named Spiridon. Despite having fought in the Great Patriotic War and being wounded by Germans, Spiridon took care of the prisoners' cemetery and ensured its upkeep. Neighbors testify that after Spiridon's passing, no one has taken over the responsibility of looking after the cemetery. When I visited the cemetery, it looked neat and well-preserved. From the top of the hillside where it's located, there was a beautiful view opening up toward the city of Gyumri. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Previous Next

  • Gyumri Railway Station: A Bright Example of Soviet Modernist Architecture | Armenian Explorer

    Explore Gyumri Railway Station, Armenia's oldest rail station, known for its Soviet modernist architecture. Established in 1897, it connects Gyumri to major destinations. The station features unique design elements and serves as a historical landmark, reflecting the city's vibrant cultural heritage. < Back Gyumri Railway Station: A Bright Example of Soviet Modernist Architecture Explore Gyumri Railway Station, Armenia's oldest rail station, known for its Soviet modernist architecture. Established in 1897, it connects Gyumri to major destinations. The station features unique design elements and serves as a historical landmark, reflecting the city's vibrant cultural heritage. Gyumri railway station is the oldest in Armenia and the main station of the city of Gyumri. Established in 1897, the first train arrived from Tbilisi to Alexandropol (now Gyumri) on February 7, 1899, at 12:00 PM, connecting the largest city of the Yerevan province to the broader world. On that day, the Tbilisi-Alexandropol railway was inaugurated. By July 21 of the same year, the railway extended to Kars, and on December 6, 1902, it reached Yerevan station. Constructing the railway to Alexandropol was an ambitious project, given the challenging terrain. Emperor Nicholas II allocated 320 million rubles for the railway's construction, a substantial sum at that time. The facade of the building is adorned with a large bas-relief titled Victory, created by sculptors Sargis Yukhanyan and Yerem Vardanyan, with architect Rafik Yeghoyan The railway spans over 250 kilometers and was constructed in a remarkably short period, with construction beginning in 1896 and concluding in 1899. The current station building was constructed between 1974 and 1979, designed by Rafik Yeghoyan. The large chandelier in the middle of the building was created by Hovhannes Madoyan. The building is one of the finest examples of Soviet modernism in the city, known for its unique architectural style. It serves as a welcoming landmark for visitors to this city of arts and crafts. The jewel of this railway station is the stained glass window adorning the dome Located on the site of an old building on the eastern side of the station square, the station can simultaneously service three passenger trains on high platforms, each 450 meters long, covered with a lightweight aluminum canopy. The building has a reinforced concrete frame, and the walls are made of Ani tuff masonry. The façade of the building is adorned with a large and impressive bas-relief. The central part features a prominent dome with an impressive colored stained glass design, 18 meters in diameter, supported by intersecting arches, while a 30-meter-high tower with a clock decorated with gilded zodiac signs rises on the left. Inside Gyumri Railway Station In Soviet times, the first floor housed the operations hall, passenger waiting areas, a buffet with ancillary rooms, customs services, administrative offices, and baggage facilities. The second floor included a 120-seat restaurant, a cinema hall, rest rooms with 50 beds, and a nursery with 25 beds. A huge fresco in the restaurant area is now covered with wooden boards. Today, the second floor mainly serves as administrative offices. The two stairways leading to the second floor are decorated with frescoes depicting themes of Gyumri's life and landscapes. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Previous Next

  • Mountains in Armenia | Armenian Explorer

    Armenia's mountains are not just geographical features; they are a significant part of the country's cultural heritage and national identity. Whether you're an avid hiker, a history enthusiast, or simply someone who appreciates natural beauty, the mountains of Armenia offer something for everyone. Exploring these sites against the backdrop of the towering peaks creates a unique and unforgettable experience. < Back Mountains in Armenia Armenia's mountains are not just geographical features; they are a significant part of the country's cultural heritage and national identity. Whether you're an avid hiker, a history enthusiast, or simply someone who appreciates natural beauty, the mountains of Armenia offer something for everyone. Exploring these sites against the backdrop of the towering peaks creates a unique and unforgettable experience. Armenia, a landlocked country, is renowned for its stunning and bountiful mountains. The country's landscape is dominated by rugged mountains and extinct volcanoes, making it a paradise for nature lovers and adventure seekers. Most of the mountains in Armenia are, in fact, extinct volcanoes. This geological history has resulted in a landscape characterized by tufa volcanic rock formations, which have been adapted into cave dwellings in places like Old Khot or Old Khndzoresk. Mount Aragats has four peaks, named according to their geographical location: Northern peak - 4,090 m (13,420 ft) - the highest peak in Armenia. Western peak - 3,995 m (13,107 ft). Eastern peak - 3,908 m (12,822 ft). Southern peak - 3,888 m (12,756 ft). The highest mountain in Armenia is Mount Aragats, standing at 4090 meters tall! Located in the Aragatsotn Province in the west of the country, it is known for its four peaks. Other notable peaks include Mount Azhdahak and Khustup Mountain, both offering breathtaking views and challenging climbs. The relatively large mountain ranges of Armenia are the Zangezur mountain range, Bargushat mountain range, and Geghama mountain range. View from the summit of mount Azhdahak, highest point of Geghama mountain range List of several mountain ranges: Geghama mountain range Zangezur mountain range Bargushat mountain range Bazum mountain range Sevan mountain range Shirak mountain range Pambak mountain range Vaik mountain range Lalwar mountain range Eastern Sevan mountain range Meghri mountain range Tegheniats mountain range Urts mountain range The mountains of Armenia are not just geological formations; they are deeply embedded in the country's cultural and historical narrative. Ancient monasteries and fortresses perch on rocky cliffs, telling stories of resilience and spiritual devotion. For centuries Silk Road caravans crawled along their treacherous paths, trading empires rose and fell under their watchful gaze while today they are attracting hikers from all over the world! Descending from mount Sevazhayr These mountains aren't just for admiring; they're for conquering. Hikers can carve their paths through verdant meadows and rocky passes, while trekkers can test their strength against soaring peaks, reaching for summits that touch the clouds and reward them with breathtaking panoramas. Even casual wanderers can find quiet meadows for picnics, hidden monasteries for reflection, and charming villages where warmth and hospitality abound. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

  • Mother Armenia in Yerevan | Armenian Explorer

    Mother Armenia is a monumental statue located in Victory Park, overlooking the capital city of Yerevan, Armenia. It is not only a work of art but also an embodiment of the collective image of the Armenian mother, symbolizing the strength and resilience of the Armenian people. Sculpted by Ara Harutyunyan, the statue itself is 22 meters high, mounted on a 33-meter pedestal. In 1967, it was placed on the previously empty pedestal that once held a 17-meter-high statue of Stalin, which stood there until 1962. < Back Mother Armenia in Yerevan Mother Armenia is a monumental statue located in Victory Park, overlooking the capital city of Yerevan, Armenia. It is not only a work of art but also an embodiment of the collective image of the Armenian mother, symbolizing the strength and resilience of the Armenian people. Sculpted by Ara Harutyunyan, the statue itself is 22 meters high, mounted on a 33-meter pedestal. In 1967, it was placed on the previously empty pedestal that once held a 17-meter-high statue of Stalin, which stood there until 1962. The current Mother Armenia statue replaced a monumental statue of General Secretary Joseph Stalin, originally installed to symbolize his role in the victory of the Great Patriotic War. Created by renowned sculptor Sergey Merkurov, the statue stood 17 meters tall, mounted on a 33-meter pedestal, making it 50 meters in total—the tallest Stalin monument ever erected at the time. It was regarded as a masterpiece of Soviet monumental art. The statue of Joseph Stalin in Yerevan. A local legend suggests that Stalin himself visited Yerevan at night to see the monument and approved of it. However, no factual evidence exists to support this claim. The pedestal was designed by architect Rafayel Israyelian. Realizing that occupying a pedestal can be a short-term honor, Israyelian designed the pedestal to resemble a three-nave basilica Armenian church. As he confessed many years later, "Knowing that the glory of dictators is temporary, I have built a simple three-nave Armenian basilica." Mother Armenia and Joseph Stalin's statue In contrast to the right-angled shapes of the external view, the interior is light and pleasing to the eye, resembling Echmiadzin's seventh-century St. Hripsime Church. After Stalin’s death, during the de-Stalinization campaign, his statue was secretly removed at night in the spring of 1962. For the next five years, the 33-meter pedestal stood empty until 1967, when the Mother Armenia statue, designed by Ara Harutyunyan, was installed. The statue itself is 22 meters tall and stands on the same 33-meter pedestal that once supported a 17-meter statue of Stalin. This transformation marked a shift from Soviet ideological imagery to a symbol of national strength and resilience. The prototype of "Mother Armenia" was a 17-year-old girl named Zhenya Muradian. Ara Harutyunyan met her at a store and persuaded her to pose for the sculpture. Mother Armenia The statue is built of hammered copper, while the pedestal-museum is made of tuff stone. In 1970, to mark the 25th anniversary of the Victory, the Museum of Armenia in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 was opened inside the pedestal. In 1995, it was renamed the "Mother Armenia" military museum of the RA Ministry of Defense and came under the authority of the RA Ministry of Defense. The exhibition of the museum consists of two main parts: "Participation of the Armenian people in the Second World War" and "War of Liberation of Artsakh." Ara Harutyunyan and Zhenya Muradian (the prototype of "Mother Armenia") The statue embodies the collective image of the Armenian mother—representing an unbreakable military spirit and serving as the guardian angel of the homeland. Every year on May 9th, thousands of Armenians visit the statue of Mother Armenia and lay flowers to commemorate the Armenian martyrs of the Second World War. In conclusion, Mother Armenia is more than just a statue. It’s a symbol of the nation’s history, a tribute to its heroes, and a beacon of its enduring spirit. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

  • Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel | Armenian Explorer

    Earlier, I wrote about two important historical landmarks in Armenia’s village of Shvanidzor: an iconic abandoned house from the 19th century and a Soviet-era House of Culture with a surprisingly rich interior. Yet Shvanidzor, despite its small size, hides more heritage sites that still draw travelers from around the world. One of the most impressive is its 17th-century aqueduct. < Back Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Earlier, I wrote about two important historical landmarks in Armenia’s village of Shvanidzor: an iconic abandoned house from the 19th century and a Soviet-era House of Culture with a surprisingly rich interior. Yet Shvanidzor, despite its small size, hides more heritage sites that still draw travelers from around the world. One of the most impressive is its 17th-century aqueduct. Shvanidzor lies about 11 km northeast of Meghri and barely one kilometer from the Araks River, at an altitude of roughly 600–700 meters. The village once had close to a thousand residents. Today, fewer than 300 people live here, and the local school counts only about 20 students. Life moves slowly. Still, the surrounding landscape and the village’s architecture tell a very different story—of engineering skill and long-term survival in a harsh environment. Shvanidzor village The Shvanidzor aqueduct is one of the village’s most important sights. Built in the 17th century, it is a single-arch bridge-aqueduct constructed from basalt blocks bonded with lime mortar. This structure is a true engineering achievement, designed to irrigate orchards and fields by carrying water across rocky slopes. Among medieval Armenian hydraulic structures, it is regarded as one of the most valuable surviving examples. A 19th century abandoned house in Shvanidzor village What makes Shvanidzor especially unique is the way this aqueduct works together with an older underground water system known as kahrez or qanat․ These are gently sloping tunnels dug underground to collect and transport water from mountain sources. In the Shvanidzor area, there are five known kahrezes. Four of them date back to the 12th–14th centuries, long before the modern village took its current shape. The aqueduct acts as the visible link in this system. Water gathered from underground tunnels and mountain springs is brought to the surface and then carried across the landscape by the aqueduct, eventually reaching lower agricultural areas. This combination of underground and surface-level engineering is rare and shows a deep understanding of terrain, climate, and water management. The iconic aqueduct Remarkably, the aqueduct is still in use today. During spring and summer, when irrigation becomes critical, water continues to flow through the stone channel to nourish local gardens and orchards. This alone makes the structure more than just a historical monument—it remains part of daily life. However, the system is under growing pressure. Recent reports by Armenian researchers and journalists point to serious conservation issues. Climate change is affecting the Meghri region, where summer temperatures can reach up to 48°C. As a result, mountain springs feeding the aqueduct are producing less water each year. At the same time, the region experiences frequent minor earthquakes. While the basalt blocks themselves are extremely durable, the lime mortar between them is slowly deteriorating. Local historians and specialists are calling for reinforcement work to stabilize the joints and preserve the structure. Shvanidzor’s 17th-century aqueduct is not just a relic of the past. It is a working example of medieval Armenian engineering, still serving its original purpose centuries later. For travelers interested in history, architecture, and lesser-known corners of Armenia, this quiet village offers a powerful reminder that small places often hold the biggest stories. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

  • Guided Sightseeing Tour to Garni Pagan Temple & Geghard Monastery |Armenian Explorer

    This tour, widely known as the Garni-Geghard tour, is one of Armenia’s most popular sightseeing experiences, offering a captivating journey from ancient pagan history to the dawn of Christianity. Located just a short drive from Yerevan, these landmarks provide a perfect opportunity to explore Armenia’s rich cultural heritage. On this tour, we’ll visit the Garni Pagan Temple, a striking example of Hellenistic architecture and the only surviving pagan temple in the post-Soviet territory. We’ll also explore Geghard Monastery, a UNESCO World Heritage site, renowned for its remarkable rock-hewn architecture and spiritual significance. The monastery was home to the Holy Lance, which, according to tradition, was brought to Armenia by the Apostle Thaddeus and kept there for centuries. < Back Guided Sightseeing Tour to Garni Pagan Temple & Geghard Monastery This tour, widely known as the Garni-Geghard tour, is one of Armenia’s most popular sightseeing experiences, offering a captivating journey from ancient pagan history to the dawn of Christianity. Located just a short drive from Yerevan, these landmarks provide a perfect opportunity to explore Armenia’s rich cultural heritage. On this tour, we’ll visit the Garni Pagan Temple, a striking example of Hellenistic architecture and the only surviving pagan temple in the post-Soviet territory. We’ll also explore Geghard Monastery, a UNESCO World Heritage site, renowned for its remarkable rock-hewn architecture and spiritual significance. The monastery was home to the Holy Lance, which, according to tradition, was brought to Armenia by the Apostle Thaddeus and kept there for centuries. On this sightseeing tour, we will visit the following destinations. Below is the detailed itinerary: Charents Arch Garni Pagan Temple Symphony of Stones Geghard Monastery Charents Arch The Arch of Charents, also called the Temple of Ararat, is a monument in Voghjaberd, Kotayk, standing at 1,500 meters. Designed by architect Rafael Israelyan in 1957, it perfectly frames Mount Ararat on clear days. Built with basalt and lined with orange tuff, the arch measures 10 x 5.5 m and stands 5 m tall. Charents Arch serves as a magical frame, perfectly showcasing the biblical Mount Ararat Garni Temple Garni Pagan Temple, built in the 1st century AD during the reign of King Tiridates I, is the only surviving Greco-Roman colonnaded temple in the post-Soviet territory. Dedicated to Mihr, the Armenian sun god, it withstood centuries of history, including Armenia’s Christian conversion in 301 AD. Destroyed by an earthquake in 1679, it was meticulously restored in the 1970s. Today, Garni stands as a rare testament to Armenia’s pre-Christian heritage, attracting visitors with its grandeur and historical significance. Garni temple in April The Symphony of Stones The Symphony of Stones is a stunning natural formation of hexagonal basalt columns resembling organ pipes, shaped by volcanic activity and erosion over millions of years. Similar basalt column formations can be found around the world. Famous examples include Fingal's Cave in Scotland, Devils Tower in the USA, Svartifoss Waterfall in Iceland, and the Giant's Causeway on the north coast of Northern Ireland. As you walk beneath these magical formations, the sound of the Azat River accompanies you, creating a unique natural melody Geghard Monastery Geghard Monastery, a UNESCO-listed gem in Kotayk Province, dates back to the 4th century and was founded by St. Gregory the Illuminator. Its name, meaning "Monastery of the Spear," comes from the Spear of Geghard, also known as the Holy Lance—the relic believed to be the weapon used by the Roman soldier Longinus to pierce Jesus Christ’s side during his crucifixion. According to tradition, the Apostle Thaddeus brought this sacred relic to Armenia in the 1st century, making it one of the earliest Christian relics in the region. For centuries, it was kept at Geghard Monastery, which was named after it. Today, the Holy Lance is preserved in the Treasury of Etchmiadzin, the spiritual center of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Aerial photo of Geghard Monastery. Carved into cliffs, it stands as a masterpiece of medieval Armenian architecture. The tour is conducted in a Mitsubishi Pajero IV Tour Details: Start: 8:00 AM from Yerevan Finish: 3:00 PM in Yerevan Total Distance: 90 km Price: 70,000 AMD (per group of 1-4 people) Additional Costs: 1,800 AMD per person for entry to Garni Pagan Temple & Symphony of Stones The price includes : Transportation and professional guide service Project Gallery Previous Next

  • Tours in Armenia: From Historical Monuments to Natural Wonders | Armenian Explorer

    As one of the world's oldest civilizations, Armenia is a treasure trove of historical monuments, many of which date back to the early Christian era. At the same time, the country's diverse landscapes, ranging from rugged mountains to serene lakes, make it a paradise for nature lovers. In this article, we'll explore the must-see historical sites and natural wonders that make tours in Armenia an unforgettable experience. < Back Tours in Armenia: From Historical Monuments to Natural Wonders As one of the world's oldest civilizations, Armenia is a treasure trove of historical monuments, many of which date back to the early Christian era. At the same time, the country's diverse landscapes, ranging from rugged mountains to serene lakes, make it a paradise for nature lovers. In this article, we'll explore the must-see historical sites and natural wonders that make tours in Armenia an unforgettable experience. Historical Monuments: A Journey Through Time Armenia is often referred to as an open-air museum, thanks to its abundance of historical monuments scattered across the country. The rich history of Armenia is deeply intertwined with the rise of Christianity, making it the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion in 301 AD. This religious heritage is evident in the countless monasteries, churches, and khachkars (cross stones) that dot the landscape. 1. Etchmiadzin Cathedral: The Spiritual Heart of Armenia No tour of Armenia would be complete without a visit to the Etchmiadzin Cathedral, located in the city of Vagharshapat. Often referred to as the “Vatican of the Armenian Apostolic Church,” Etchmiadzin is considered the oldest cathedral in the world, with its origins dating back to 301 AD. The cathedral is not only a masterpiece of Armenian architecture but also a spiritual center for Armenians worldwide. Visitors can explore the cathedral’s intricate carvings, frescoes, and relics, including what is believed to be a piece of Noah's Ark. 2. Garni Temple: Armenia's Timeless Pagan Marvel Garni Temple, located in Armenia, is an iconic symbol of the country's pre-Christian heritage. Built in the 1st century AD, it is the only surviving Greco-Roman colonnaded building in the post-Soviet territory, dedicated to the god of sun Mithra. The temple's architecture, with its elegant columns and detailed stone carvings, reflects the influence of Roman design, yet it remains a uniquely Armenian monument. Set against the backdrop of the Azat River Gorge, Garni Temple is not only a historical treasure but also a stunning location for visitors to explore Armenia's ancient past. 3. Khor Virap: A Monastery with a View Khor Virap, located near the border with Turkey, is another iconic site in Armenia. The monastery is famous not only for its religious significance but also for its stunning views of Mount Ararat, the biblical mountain where Noah’s Ark is said to have come to rest. Khor Virap is where Saint Gregory the Illuminator, who is credited with converting Armenia to Christianity, was imprisoned for 13 years before healing King Tiridates III of an illness and converting him to Christianity. The site is a popular destination for pilgrims and tourists alike. Natural Wonders: Exploring Armenia’s Diverse Landscapes While Armenia’s historical monuments are awe-inspiring, the country’s natural wonders are equally captivating. From towering mountains to serene lakes, Armenia offers a diverse range of landscapes that are perfect for outdoor enthusiasts. 1. Mount Aragats: The Roof of Armenia For those seeking adventure, Mount Aragats is a must-visit destination. As the highest peak in Armenia, standing at 4,090 meters, Aragats offers challenging hiking trails and spectacular views of the surrounding countryside. The mountain has four distinct peaks, each offering a different level of difficulty, making it accessible to both novice and experienced hikers. In the summer, the lush meadows around Aragats are dotted with wildflowers, while nomadic herders add a lively character to the landscape. 2. Lake Sevan: The Jewel of Armenia Lake Sevan, the largest body of water in Armenia and one of the largest high-altitude lakes in the world, is another natural wonder that should be on every traveler’s itinerary. Known as the “Jewel of Armenia,” Lake Sevan is a popular destination for both locals and tourists seeking relaxation and recreation. The lake’s turquoise waters are perfect for swimming, sailing, and even SUP-boarding, while the surrounding beaches and forests offer plenty of opportunities for picnicking and hiking. The Sevanavank Monastery, perched on a hill overlooking the lake, adds a touch of history to this picturesque setting. Those interested in Soviet modernist architecture can visit the Sevan Writers’ House, enjoy a cup of coffee while taking in the view of Lake Sevan, or even stay there for the night. 3. Dilijan National Park: Armenia’s Green Paradise Often referred to as the “Armenian Switzerland,” Dilijan National Park is a heaven for nature lovers. The park is home to lush forests, crystal-clear rivers and lakes, and a rich variety of flora and fauna. Dilijan is also famous for its mineral springs, which are believed to have healing properties. Visitors can explore the park’s numerous hiking trails, which lead to hidden waterfalls, ancient monasteries, and scenic viewpoints. The town of Dilijan, located within the park, is a charming retreat with traditional Armenian architecture, artisan workshops, and cozy guesthouses. Cultural and Culinary Delights In addition to its historical and natural attractions, Armenia offers a rich cultural experience that should not be missed. The country’s cuisine is a delightful blend of Middle Eastern and Mediterranean flavors, with a strong emphasis on fresh, locally-sourced ingredients. Traditional dishes like khorovats (Armenian barbecue), dolma (stuffed grape leaves), and lavash (flatbread) are must-tries for any visitor. Armenia is also known for its wine-making tradition, which dates back over 6,000 years. The country’s winemakers produce a variety of wines, from rich reds to crisp whites, using indigenous grape varieties. A visit to a local winery is a great way to learn about Armenia’s viticulture and sample some of its finest wines. Conclusion Tours in Armenia offer a unique blend of historical exploration, natural beauty, and cultural richness. Whether you’re wandering through ancient monasteries, visiting Areni-1 cave, exploring abandoned buildings, hiking to the summit of Mount Aragats or mount Azhdahak, or relaxing by the shores of Lake Sevan, Armenia has something to offer every traveler. With its warm hospitality, diverse landscapes, and fascinating history, Armenia is a destination that will leave a lasting impression on your heart and soul. So, pack your bags and embark on a journey through this captivating country – you won’t be disappointed. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

  • Guide in Armenia | Armenian Explorer

    I’m Suren, a tour guide in Armenia. In this article, I’ll tell you a bit about myself and the services I offer, while sharing practical advice for travelers planning a trip to Armenia. My expertise lies in urbex, hiking, off-roading, and sightseeing tours — so that’s where we’ll focus. The tips I share come from both my own experience and valuable feedback from travelers I’ve guided through these places. Trust me — I know the way. < Back Guide in Armenia I’m Suren, a tour guide in Armenia. In this article, I’ll tell you a bit about myself and the services I offer, while sharing practical advice for travelers planning a trip to Armenia. My expertise lies in urbex, hiking, off-roading, and sightseeing tours — so that’s where we’ll focus. The tips I share come from both my own experience and valuable feedback from travelers I’ve guided through these places. Trust me — I know the way. About me... I’m Suren, a professional tour guide in Armenia. Many travelers look for guides who also provide transportation — yes, I drive my own car. My car is Mitsubishi Pajero 4. (Photo and more details below.) Since 2014, I’ve been guiding travelers across the country — from easy hiking trails to challenging mountain summits, remote off-road routes, and explorations of abandoned places. Over the years, I’ve gained both deep knowledge and practical experience, which I’m happy to share with anyone planning to hike in Armenia. During my tours, I bring along a photo album featuring historical images. It lets visitors see how landmarks looked before restoration—or even before they disappeared entirely. So, lace up your boots — let’s get started! Yep, that’s me posing for a photo in the sacred valley of Tirinkatar, near the Armenian vishap — the ancient “dragon stone”! During my freelance work with various tour agencies, I noticed that many travelers struggle to get in direct contact with local guides. When I launched my website, my goal was to make it easier for travelers to connect directly with a guide — to discuss upcoming trips, customize itineraries, and decide whether the guide is the right fit for their holiday experience. After all, it’s the guide — not the tour agency — who shares both the challenges and the joys of the journey with travelers. My car, a Mitsubishi Pajero 4, is my reliable workhorse — built to handle tough terrain and ensure every tour runs smoothly and to its fullest potential. Best hikes in Armenia And that’s where Armenian Explorer comes in — to make that connection possible. I hope this article helps more travelers find me and boosts my visibility in search results. Having a master’s degree in Comparative Literature helps me access and interpret a wide range of historical information about Armenia, allowing me to share it with travelers and tell the stories behind each unique place we visit. The tours are conducted in English or Russian, and I also have a basic knowledge of German. On the shore of Lake Kari (3,200 m), after taking a memorable photo with a group from Singapore, I’ll be guiding them to the summit of the southern peak of Mount Aragats. Now I’ll provide concise, step-by-step information about the most popular tourist destinations in Armenia. Let’s start with hiking. Armenia is a paradise for hikers. The country offers trails of all difficulty levels — from gentle forest walks to challenging climbs above 3,000 meters. In winter, we usually avoid peaks higher than 3000 meters because of deep snow and mud, which make both hiking and off-road access impossible. From June to late October, conditions improve; at lower altitudes it can be quite hot, making this the best season for climbing Armenia’s 3,000-plus-meter summits. Mount Azhdahak One of the most popular hiking destinations in Armenia is Mount Azhdahak (3,597 m) — the highest point of the Geghama mountain range. The “Red Giant” is famous for its volcanic lake at 3,500 meters and the panoramic views of Lake Sevan, Lake Akna, and surrounding peaks like Red Ridge and Spitakasar. Yes, you can also swim in the crater lake, so bring your swimwear. Keep in mind, however, that the water is very cold — around 10°C even in the hottest summer days — and the lakebed is covered with sharp rocks. Swimming in deeper areas is strongly not recommended. The most common trail starts near Mount Paytasar, but for beginner hikers, I often drive up closer to Azhdahak’s base — leaving only about a 50-minute hike to the summit. Lake Akna, Lake Badi, and Dragon Lake are among the most popular camping spots in this area, but we will talk about it later. The Geghama Mountains are ideal not only for day hikes but also for multi-day trekking and camping adventures, which I regularly include in my tours. A quick stop near the Geghama petroglyphs to explore these ancient carvings. Important! Over the years, I’ve encountered many tourists who tried to reach Mount Azhdahak with a rental crossover, only to turn back when they found the terrain too rocky and dangerous for such vehicles. You’ll need a strong, high-clearance car, solid driving and navigation skills, and the ability to handle unexpected challenges. Mud is usually not an issue — you won’t get stuck — but slippery slopes are common, and rainy days can make the route especially difficult. Starting the hike from Geghard village can be quite difficult, especially if you don’t know the locations of the water springs. If you’re not an experienced hiker with good map and navigation skills, it’s better to hire a guide. In the Geghama Mountains, you will find yourself in absolute wilderness, so don’t expect to find a toilet. Mount Aragats — The Roof of Armenia Another must-visit hiking destination is Mount Aragats (4,090 m) — the highest mountain in Armenia. It has four distinct peaks: Northern Summit — 4,090 m (the highest point in Armenia) Western Summit — 3,995 m Eastern Summit — 3,908 m Southern Summit — 3,888 m There are two main starting points for climbing Aragats — Lake Kari (3,200 m) and Gegharot Waterfall (3,000 m) . Lake Kari is easily accessible by car thanks to an old asphalt road built during Soviet times, more than half a century ago, to allow scientists to reach the Cosmic Ray Research Station. It also serves as a convenient base for climbing all four peaks of Mount Aragats. However, the road is open only from mid-May to the end of October. On the shore of Lake Kari, there is a restaurant and a hotel, but don’t expect to use their toilets. You will need to rely on an open-air toilet—beware of this. In late October 2025, we got stuck in deep snow, as this area is highly exposed to strong winds and snowstorms that often block the road. Luckily, while we were enjoying a cup of coffee, a bulldozer arrived and cleared the road. Gegharot Waterfall offers a shorter route to the northern and eastern summits but requires a high-clearance off-road vehicle to reach. Keep in mind that the road to Gegharot is just as rough as the one to Mount Azhdahak — a sturdy vehicle is a must. Last time I was there, I saw dozens of cars abandoned along the way; their drivers realized too late that the rocky terrain would destroy their plastic crossovers, so they gave up on climbing Aragats and were lucky just to make it as far as the waterfall. In this area, you are already far from any civilization—only tourists and shepherds may be encountered here. There are no toilets and no tourist infrastructure. Wild Armenia welcomes you! We have just reached the crater of mount Aragats and are ready for the final summit push! If you’re fit and up for a challenge, you can conquer two peaks in a single day — usually the Southern and Western summits. For a more immersive experience, consider a two-day trek: start from Lake Kari, climb the first two peaks, camp overnight inside Aragats’ massive crater, and the next day, ascend the Northern and Eastern summits before descending to Gegharot waterfall, where an off-road car can meet you. Winter and Easy Hikes in Armenia In winter, I recommend hikes to Lastiver, the Lake Parz–Goshavank trail, Smbataberd (Fortress of Smbat), or a climb to Mount Artanish. The summit of Mount Artanish is the only point from where you can see the entire Lake Sevan from above — a view that’s truly unforgettable. Located in the Gegharkunik region, on the eastern shore of Lake Sevan, the mountain stands on the Artanish Peninsula, which separates Big and Small Sevan. Rising to 2,460 meters above sea level with a relative height of 560 meters, this hike covers about 5 km one way, takes around 2.5 hours, and involves an elevation gain of 560 meters. Descending from mount Artanish! Lastiver is home to a two-story cave carved into a steep canyon slope near the majestic gorge of the Khachaghbyur River. Surrounded by towering trees, rugged cliffs, and the soothing sound of the river, this place feels like stepping into a fairy tale. In the 1970s, Soviet-Armenian sculptor Benik Petrosyan decorated the cave walls with striking bas-reliefs, enhancing its mysterious aura. Many visitors mistakenly believe these carvings are ancient, which only adds to the sense of wonder. Historically, the caves of Lastiver served as a refuge for locals during the Mongol invasions of the 13th and 14th centuries. To reach the caves, people built wooden staircases resembling rafts — which is how the site got its name, “Lastiver,” derived from Armenian. The hike to Lastiver covers about 3.5 km one way, takes roughly 2 hours, and starts about 145 km from Yerevan. It was a rainy day when we started our hike to Lastiver! For a scenic two-day trek, the Lori region is one of my favorites. The Lori Canyon provides breathtaking views, and along the way, you can visit several UNESCO World Heritage Sites — a perfect mix of nature and culture. A hike along Lori Canyon to Horomayr Monastery or to Kayan Fortress is something you’ll love. Unlike the Gegharkunik or Aragatsotn regions, this area is covered with thick forests—if you appreciate that, this region is perfect for you. The lovely Lori Kanyon Sightseeing tours in Armenia The most popular sightseeing tours in Armenia include Echmiadzin Cathedral , Garni Pagan Temple , Geghard Monastery , and Sevanavank . These sites are not only historically and architecturally significant but also conveniently located near Yerevan, making them must-visit destinations. For travelers with more time, Haghpat and Sanahin , both UNESCO World Heritage sites, are essential stops. Other highly recommended destinations include Khor Virap , Noravank , and Tatev Monastery . Here’s a brief overview of these remarkable locations. Etchmiadzin Cathedral is the mother church of the Armenian Apostolic Church, located in the city known both as Etchmiadzin (Ejmiatsin) and Vagharshapat, Armenia. It is widely recognized as the first cathedral built in ancient Armenia and is often regarded as the oldest Christian cathedral in the world. Garni Pagan Temple & Geghard Monastery Tour The Garni-Geghard tour is one of Armenia’s most popular sightseeing experiences, offering a journey from ancient pagan traditions to the dawn of Christianity. Located just a short drive from Yerevan, these landmarks offer an excellent opportunity to explore Armenia’s rich cultural and historical heritage within a few hours. Moreover, thanks to their close proximity, even private tours here are quite budget-friendly. Garni Pagan Temple , built in the 1st century AD during the reign of King Tiridates I , is the only surviving Greco-Roman colonnaded temple in the post-Soviet region. Dedicated to Mihr , the Armenian sun god, it endured centuries of history, including Armenia’s conversion to Christianity in 301 AD. Destroyed by an earthquake in 1679, it was meticulously restored in the 1970s. Today, Garni stands as a rare testament to Armenia’s pre-Christian heritage. On the territory of Garni Fortress, a free toilet is available. Geghard Monastery , a UNESCO World Heritage site in Kotayk Province, dates back to the 4th century and was founded by St. Gregory the Illuminator . Its name, meaning “Monastery of the Spear,” comes from the Holy Lance —the relic believed to have pierced Jesus Christ’s side during the crucifixion, brought to Armenia by the Apostle Thaddeus. While the relic is now kept in the Treasury of Etchmiadzin, Geghard remains a stunning example of rock-hewn Armenian architecture and spiritual significance. Near Geghard Monastery, a paid toilet is available for just 100 AMD. Khor Virap Monastery , set against the majestic backdrop of Mount Ararat, is one of Armenia’s most sacred pilgrimage sites. It marks the 13-year imprisonment of Gregory the Illuminator by King Tiridates III, after which Gregory became the king’s religious mentor, leading Armenia to become the world’s first Christian nation in 301 AD. The first chapel at Khor Virap was built in 642 by Nerses III the Builder to honor Saint Gregory. Over the centuries, it underwent several reconstructions, and in 1662 the larger St. Astvatsatsin (Holy Mother of God) chapel was built around the original structure, incorporating the monastery, refectory, and monks’ cells. Noravank, a 13th-century Armenian monastic complex, is famed for its Surb Astvatsatsin (Holy Mother of God) and Surb Karapet (St. John the Baptist) churches. Nestled in a gorge of striking red cliffs, it is one of Armenia’s most photogenic and popular tourist destinations. Sevanavank is a 9th-century monastic complex located on a peninsula of Lake Sevan in the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia. The complex consists of two churches: Surb Arakelots (“Holy Apostles”) and Surb Astvatsatsin (“Holy Mother of God”), both built with cruciform plans and octagonal tambours. Sanahin and Haghpat Monasteries, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites, are not only remarkable examples of medieval Armenian architecture but also cinematic landmarks. Scenes from Sergei Parajanov’s iconic film The Color of Pomegranates (1969) were filmed here, adding artistic and cultural depth to these already majestic monastic complexes. Urbex tours in Armenia After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many industrial plants, hotels, pioneer camps, culture houses, cable car stations, and other facilities were abandoned, looted, or fell into decay. Over time, these sites have gained a mysterious and captivating atmosphere, attracting travelers fascinated by urbex and abandoned places. Today, they are highly sought-after by urban explorers, and the private guided tours I offer attract hundreds of tourists each year. Here are a few of the remarkable urbex destinations where I personally guide my clients. Hidden in the serene hills of Orgov lies ROT54, a massive, now-abandoned scientific telescope. Built between 1975 and 1985, it features a 54-meter (177 ft) dish and was once among the world’s most advanced radio-optical telescopes. The project was conceived by Paris Herouni, an Armenian radio astronomer, physicist, and engineer, who spent years persuading Soviet authorities to approve its construction in Armenia. The control room of ROT54 The telescope operated from 1986 until 1990. In the mid-1990s, restoration efforts began: between 1995 and 2010, it was partially modernized with new control systems and equipment, allowing observations to resume with support from the Astronomical Society of Russia and the National Technical University of Athens. However, in 2012, a control arm failed, disabling the secondary mirror and halting operations once again. With no funds available for repairs, the facility was ultimately mothballed. Carlus from Spain is happy to finally visit this place From my personal experience, I can tell you that this is one of the most popular destinations for urban explorers, and I often receive requests to take tourists here. A typical tour to ROT54, if we start early at around 7:50 AM from Yerevan, takes about four hours in total — we’re back in the city by midday. So even if you’re using Armenia as a transit stop or are short on time, this is a destination you shouldn’t miss before leaving. The Trophy 1-Meter Schmidt Telescope — Hitler’s Gift to Mussolini On the way to ROT54, we pass through the village of Byurakan, where in 1946 Viktor Hambardzumyan founded one of Armenia’s most renowned scientific centers — the Byurakan Observatory. Several telescopes here are open for visitors, but the one that draws the most attention is the legendary 1-meter Schmidt telescope. This telescope carries significant historical value — it was originally a gift from Hitler to Mussolini, and its inauguration was attended by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. Beyond its political past, it played a key role in major astronomical discoveries. The building that houses the ZTA-2.6 telescope... In 1965, Benjamin Markarian used the Schmidt telescope to conduct the First Byurakan Survey (FBS). Through these observations, he discovered numerous faint galaxies, from the 13th to 17th magnitude, notable for their excess ultraviolet radiation. These celestial bodies became known as Markarian galaxies in his honor. Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Just a short drive from central Yerevan, in what were once the city’s outskirts during the 1960s, stands something few would expect from a small mountainous country better known for its ancient monasteries and volcanic peaks — a particle accelerator. Founded in 1943 as a branch of Yerevan State University by renowned physicists Abraham Alikhanov and Artem Alikhanyan, the Yerevan Physics Institute (YerPhI) soon became a cornerstone of Armenia’s scientific ambitions. In 1965, the LU-75 linear accelerator was completed, and two years later it was joined by a 6 GeV synchrotron. Though its raw power could not match modern giants like CERN, this facility was once among the most advanced in the Soviet Union, operating for over 5,000 hours annually at its peak. The “Arus” synchrotron — about 70 meters in diameter and 220 meters in circumference — was designed to accelerate electrons to 6 GeV. It also generated a beam of linearly polarized photons in the 0.9–1.8 GeV range, enabling high-precision experiments in particle physics and interactions. Tours to an Abandoned Refractory Brick Factory During my urbex tours, we also explore a massive Soviet-era refractory brick factory — a haunting reminder of Armenia’s industrial past. Built in 1951, the factory was strategically positioned near a rich clay deposit, crucial for producing high-quality fire-resistant bricks. At its peak, it employed over 600 workers, forming the backbone of the local economy and sustaining nearby villages and towns. Every day, seven to eight railway wagons carried bricks to Russia, fueling the Soviet Union’s vast industrial demand. Stepping inside today feels like entering a time capsule. Rusting machinery, heavy-duty tools, and even Soviet trucks remain scattered across the vast production halls. Strange metal devices — their purpose now forgotten — lie untouched, frozen in time as industrial relics of a vanished era. The Iron Fountain in Gyumri Despite being abandoned and surrounded by scattered debris, this rusty iron fountain in Gyumri continues to draw curious visitors from around the world — and it’s always on my must-see list when touring the city. This post-apocalyptic masterpiece, officially named the “Friendship” Fountain but better known as “The Iron Fountain,” was designed by renowned Armenian architect Arthur Tarkhanyan. Inaugurated in 1982, it quickly became a favorite gathering place for locals, especially during evening walks. Although the fountain itself survived the devastating 1988 earthquake, the surrounding area fell into neglect. The difficult post-earthquake years left little room for restoration, and the site has since remained a striking symbol of Gyumri’s resilience and faded Soviet grandeur. Tour to an Abandoned Carpet Factory Among my urban exploration tours, one of the most striking stops is this abandoned carpet factory — a vast, silent monument to Armenia’s industrial heritage. Once buzzing with thousands of workers, this colossal plant could produce up to one million square meters of carpet annually. Founded in 1964, it specialized in crafting various types of carpets — including double-walled, jacquard, and five-color designs — using materials such as New Zealand wool, domestic capron, and copper-ammonia fiber. At its peak in 1975, the factory reached record production levels, earning international recognition for the beauty and craftsmanship of its carpets, which combined traditional Armenian patterns with modern aesthetics. These works were exhibited across the globe — from Montreal and São Paulo to Beirut, Baghdad, Prague, Plovdiv, Leipzig, and even at the Exhibition of Achievements of the People’s Economy of the USSR (VDNKh). Tours to Soviet-era sanatoriums During my urbex tours, we also explore Soviet-era sanatoriums — both still operating and long abandoned. Many of these places hold fascinating stories, as some were built by German war captives after World War II. Their architecture alone is worth the visit: grand, atmospheric, and often surprisingly elegant, these buildings never fail to captivate those who step inside. Although this one is abandoned, it remains well-preserved and features wide corridors, elegant balconies, and a mysterious atmosphere that continues to attract visitors from around the world. Urban Explorer tours to Soviet-Era Pioneer Camps This abandoned pioneer camp in Armenia is one of the best-preserved I’ve ever seen. As you explore its overgrown grounds, you’ll encounter striking relics of the past — from grand mosaics adorning the swimming pool walls to statues of iconic figures like Buratino and Medz Mher. During the Soviet era, Armenia had around 200 pioneer camps, but only about ten survived after the collapse of the USSR. These camps were typically located outside cities, nestled in the woods, offering children a retreat into nature. The “Fairy-Tale” camp was among the finest in Armenia. It officially opened in 1985 and operated until roughly 1993. Its story was dramatically affected by the 1988 earthquake, which partially destroyed buildings and delayed renovations. By the time the camp reopened, the Soviet Union had dissolved, marking the end of its era. Hidden in Yerevan’s Hrazdan Gorge lies the abandoned Children’s Railway, a nostalgic remnant of Soviet-era Armenia. Built in 1937, it once delighted generations with its charming trains and stations named Motherland, Pioneer, and Happiness. The railway’s elegant station, designed by prominent Armenian architects, still stands surrounded by nature, its stained-glass windows perfect for photography. Though now privatized and silent, traces of its past glory remain everywhere. If you enjoy forgotten places with history and atmosphere, this spot is well worth a visit. Ready to explore Armenia with Suren? If this sparks your interest, let’s chat! Send me a message on WhatsApp or Telegram to plan your perfect adventure in Armenia. Safe travels! 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  • ROT54 or the Herouni Mirror Radio Telescope | Armenian Explorer

    In Armenia’s Orgov village, at an altitude of 1,700 meters above sea level, stands the iconic ROT54—an engineering marvel designed by Paris Herouni that leaves a lasting impression on every visitor. Its giant scale surprises everyone, offering views toward Tegher Monastery and the biblical Mount Ararat. The control rooms feel like scenes from a Stanley Kubrick film, while the nearby Arev solar thermal power station—built during Armenia’s 1990s energy crisis—adds even more mystery to the place. This site is a must-visit for anyone interested in the scientific history of the Soviet Union. Now abandoned, it remains a striking testament to Armenia’s Soviet-era scientific legacy and a highlight of my urban explorer tours. < Back ROT54 or the Herouni Mirror Radio Telescope In Armenia’s Orgov village, at an altitude of 1,700 meters above sea level, stands the iconic ROT54—an engineering marvel designed by Paris Herouni that leaves a lasting impression on every visitor. Its giant scale surprises everyone, offering views toward Tegher Monastery and the biblical Mount Ararat. The control rooms feel like scenes from a Stanley Kubrick film, while the nearby Arev solar thermal power station—built during Armenia’s 1990s energy crisis—adds even more mystery to the place. This site is a must-visit for anyone interested in the scientific history of the Soviet Union. Now abandoned, it remains a striking testament to Armenia’s Soviet-era scientific legacy and a highlight of my urban explorer tours. The ROT54 radio-optical telescope is located in Orgov village, Aragatsotn Province of Armenia, at an elevation of 1,700 meters. It was designed by the Armenian physicist and engineer Paris Herouni, who spent 17 years navigating Soviet bureaucracy to bring his vision to life. Despite strong pressure to build the project in Crimea rather than in Armenia, Herouni secured approval to construct the observatory in Armenia—an achievement that reflects his persistence and deep devotion to his homeland. Herouni Mirror Radio Telescope (Зеркальный радиотелескоп геруни) Patent No. 1377941 Image credits: База патентов СССР (USSR Patent Database) Herouni was known for his innovative approach to radio engineering and his dedication to advancing scientific knowledge in Armenia. Over his career, he published around 353 scientific works, including 248 papers, four monographs, and 25 patents. He was also a passionate science communicator, frequently appearing in newspapers, magazines, radio, and television, with media coverage about him spanning the USSR, Russia, Armenia, USA, France, and Italy. ROT-54 in winter Herouni carried out several expeditions along the southern slopes of Mount Aragats before selecting this site as the future location for the telescope. The natural, crater-like shape of the landscape was ideal for installing the dish, while the 13th-century Tegher Monastery and the biblical Mount Ararat formed a dramatic backdrop. At the time, there were plans to relocate the village—a common practice during the Soviet industrialization era. Rather than investing in roads, gas supply, or other essential infrastructure for remote mountain communities, Soviet authorities often chose to resettle villagers in nearby towns. By launching the ROT54 project, Herouni built a road from scratch, connected the village, and ultimately saved Orgov from being erased. Inside the control room of ROT-54 While Paris Herouni patented many inventions, this project became his Mona Lisa—the first Radio-Optical Telescope (ROT-54/2.6). The structure is a massive antenna with a diameter of 54 meters (177 ft), boasting some of the finest technical parameters among large antennas worldwide. Aerial photo of ROT-54 telescope Constructed between 1975 and 1985, the telescope was active from 1986 to 1990 before ceasing operations around 1990. In the mid-1990s, there was a proposal for the restoration of the telescope. Between 1995 and 2010, it underwent modernization with new control computers and feeds, and observations resumed in collaboration with the Astronomical Society of Russia and the National Technical University of Athens. Me sitting in the control room of ROT-54 However, in 2012, the operations ceased again when a control arm failed, immobilizing the secondary mirror. The Armenian state couldn't cover the cost of repairs, leading to the mothballing of the research complex. Future operation requires further upgrades to the control systems, comprehensive adjustments, replacement of outdated analog sensors with digital ones, and modernization of the data processing systems. According to experts, these upgrades will cost approximately $25 million. A historical photo shows the newly installed telescope with a helicopter hovering above it. The small trees planted at the time have since grown taller than the surrounding buildings, turning the site into a surprisingly pleasant and shady place during the hot summer months. The ROT-54/2.6 radio-optical telescope enabled a wide range of advanced radio astronomy observations, including: Studies of ultra-distant objects such as quasars and radio galaxies Observations of pulsars, supernovae, and their temporal changes Investigation of radio sources with angular sizes smaller than 1 arcsecond Analysis of fine inhomogeneities with angular sizes below 1 arcsecond Study of thermal radiation from newly formed stars Research on nebulae and T Tauri stars Organization of simultaneous radio and optical observations of well-known celestial objects, allowing results from leading radio observatories to be combined into a new unified catalog Searches for new molecules in comets and planetary atmospheres within the Solar System Thanks to its exceptionally low intrinsic noise temperature of approximately 5 K, the telescope’s radio noise level did not exceed 1–2 mJy. With a receiver bandwidth of 1 GHz and an integration time of just 1 second, ROT-54/2.6 was capable of detecting extremely faint objects. Its sensitivity was comparable to that of major facilities such as the Very Large Array (VLA) in New Mexico, despite the VLA consisting of 27 antennas. "Arev" solar power station Another giant “dish” comes into view as soon as you enter the site. Many visitors mistakenly assume it’s a telescope, but it’s actually a solar power station —another remarkable invention by Paris Herouni. “Arev” is an unfinished solar thermal power station designed by Paris Herouni In the 1990s, during Armenia’s energy crisis—when the country’s nuclear power plant was offline, the war in Artsakh was ongoing, and the nation faced a blockade—Paris Herouni set out to develop efficient solar energy systems. In 1991, he presented his “Arev” thermal power plant project, protected by seven international and two Armenian patents, demonstrating higher efficiency than comparable international projects. The project attracted attention from major international organizations and investors, particularly from the United Kingdom, and construction began. However, when the project was nearing completion, the investors attempted to claim Herouni’s patents. The matter went to court, construction was delayed, and the project was never resumed. https://video.wixstatic.com/video/103e0a_5f30da795304441b98c4fe3ec4eb6e8b/1080p/mp4/file.mp4 An aerial view of Herouni Mirror Radio Telescope Today, this place attracts tourists from around the world. For urban explorers visiting Armenia, this place is a must-visit! The "Orbita" Antenna I am standing near the giant "Orbita" antenna and pointing towards west Within the territory of the Herouni United Space Center, visitors can also see a massive antenna known as “Orbita.” The Orbita (Орбита) system was the world’s first national satellite television network, launched by the Soviet Union in 1967. Because the USSR covered an enormous territory, laying cables to every remote region was impractical. Instead, a network of ground stations equipped with large, iconic parabolic antennas was built to receive signals from Molniya satellites. Armenia was also part of this network and had several Orbita antennas. At least three are known to me, with two surviving to this day. According to available information, the Orbita station in Armenia became operational in November 1977, though it is unclear whether this date refers to this specific station or another antenna; further verification is required. The launch of this station coincided with the construction of the 311.7-meter Yerevan TV Tower, which allowed Armenia to receive the Second Program of Central Television from Moscow via the Molniya and Raduga satellite constellations. More on this you can read in the following article... I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . 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  • Abandoned Culture Palace of Kanaker Aluminium Factory – KANAZ | Armenian Explorer

    The Kanaz Culture Palace, built in 1958, served as a vibrant hub for the Kanaker Aluminium Factory. Designed by architects Sos Manukyan and Vilen Tonikyan, it features Armenian architectural elements, sculptures by Grigor Badalyan, and striking Armavir tuff stone. Despite its rich heritage, the building has faced decades of neglect. Although restoration plans were announced in 2019, as of 2024, it remains closed and untouched, awaiting revival. < Back Abandoned Culture Palace of Kanaker Aluminium Factory – KANAZ The Kanaz Culture Palace, built in 1958, served as a vibrant hub for the Kanaker Aluminium Factory. Designed by architects Sos Manukyan and Vilen Tonikyan, it features Armenian architectural elements, sculptures by Grigor Badalyan, and striking Armavir tuff stone. Despite its rich heritage, the building has faced decades of neglect. Although restoration plans were announced in 2019, as of 2024, it remains closed and untouched, awaiting revival. The Kanaz Culture Palace, built in 1958, was designed by architects Sos Manukyan and Vilen Tonikyan as a cultural hub for the Kanaker Aluminium Plant (abbreviated as "KANAZ" from the Russian Канакерский алюминиевый завод ). Architects : Sos Manukyan, Vilen Tonikyan Sculptor : Grigor Badalyan Client : Kanaker Aluminium Factory ("Kanaz") Construction Organization : Ministry of Construction of the Armenian SSR The four-story building features a near-rectangular layout with its main axis dedicated to a grand lobby, corner staircases, and a 600-seat auditorium complete with a stage and side boxes. Adjacent to the hall, an open, arched summer foyer extends to the left, while club rooms are situated on the fourth floor to the right. The architectural design incorporates elements of Armenian national heritage. The main façade is dominated by a decorative archway supported by columns with sculpted capitals. Flanking the archway are statues of a worker and a collective farmer, created by sculptor Grigor Badalyan. The façade is crowned with a pediment adorned with a dentil cornice. The structure is crafted from Armavir tuff stone, showcasing a striking palette of pink, light orange, brown, and dark red hues. Post-Soviet History and Transformation After the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the sale of the Kanaz aluminium factory, the culture palace fell into disrepair. It was repurposed sporadically, serving as a sewing workshop, brick factory, taxi service, and tire assembly facility. The deteriorating state of the building led to its partial use over time. In 2007, the Armenian Ministry of Economy acquired the building. Renamed the "Art Kanaz" Culture Palace , it began a new chapter. In 2017, the Yerevan Council of Elders transferred the property free of charge to the "Art Alphabet" Cultural Foundation, led by People's Artist of Armenia, Hrant Tokhatyan. The foundation initiated plans to establish a children's cultural center, including a school and theater. Restoration Efforts In 2019, restoration work commenced under the supervision of the Research Center for Historical and Cultural Heritage SNCO. This initiative aims to revitalize the Kanaz Culture Palace as a significant historical and cultural landmark, preserving its architectural legacy and ensuring its functional relevance for future generations. However, as of 2024, when I had the opportunity to enter the building, it remained closed, with no restoration work undertaken to revive it. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Previous Next

  • Inside Levon’s Divine Underground | Armenian Explorer

    Explore Levon’s Divine Underground in Arinj, Armenia — a mysterious hand-carved cave created over 23 years by one man, Levon Arakelyan. Discover his incredible story, the cave’s intricate chambers, and how his legacy continues through his family today. < Back Inside Levon’s Divine Underground Explore Levon’s Divine Underground in Arinj, Armenia — a mysterious hand-carved cave created over 23 years by one man, Levon Arakelyan. Discover his incredible story, the cave’s intricate chambers, and how his legacy continues through his family today. In the quiet village of Arinj, just outside Yerevan, lies one of Armenia’s most unusual landmarks — Levon’s Divine Underground , a vast hand-carved cave created by a single man over more than two decades. This extraordinary site was built by Levon Arakelyan , who began digging in 1985 after his wife, Tosya , asked him to make a small cellar for storing potatoes. What started as a simple household project turned into a lifelong mission. Levon claimed that soon after he began digging, he experienced a vision — a voice from a mist urging him to keep going. Master Levon at work Armed only with a hammer and chisel, Levon continued to excavate tirelessly for 23 years , refusing to use power tools even as he dug through hard volcanic rock. The result is a 21-meter-deep network of seven rooms , connected by winding stairways and tunnels that cover about 300 square meters . Each chamber, he said, was inspired by new visions that guided his work. Levon even installed lights and wiring himself, envisioning a total of 74 unique rooms — a project left unfinished when he passed away in 2009. After his death, Mrs. Tosya turned the site into a museum to preserve her husband’s legacy. The cave maintains a constant temperature of around 10°C year-round. The museum’s first floor displays Levon’s personal belongings, tools, press articles, and guestbooks filled with visitors’ impressions. Outside in the courtyard, flower pots crafted from leftover stones and two wall murals — one depicting Levon with his hammer and chisel, and another showing Tosya holding a potato — serve as touching reminders of how a simple domestic request grew into a national curiosity. This is “Levon’s Eye.” At one point, Levon’s daughter asked me to look up — and my heart sank. It felt as if a vigilant eye was watching from above. This was one of the most striking moments of the visit. The ventilation shaft, carved in the shape of an eye, never fails to give visitors goosebumps. Today, Levon’s Divine Underground stands among Armenia’s most fascinating attractions, drawing travelers who come to witness the result of one man’s unwavering devotion and vision. The ticket sales, still managed by his family, continue to support them — keeping Levon’s story alive beneath the surface of Arinj. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Previous Next

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