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Explore the rich history of the Yerevan Clock Factory, founded in 1943. From stylish alarm clocks to commemorative timepieces, discover the legacy of innovation. < Back Exploring an abandoned clock factory Explore the rich history of the Yerevan Clock Factory, founded in 1943. From stylish alarm clocks to commemorative timepieces, discover the legacy of innovation. The Yerevan clock factory was founded in 1943. It had pressing, automatic galvanizing, mechanical, assembly and other workshops. It produced stylish alarm clocks and electronic mechanical watches. In 1945, 13.6 thousand watches were produced, in 1975 - 4 million 105 thousand watches. This building always captured my attention Its products were distributed in Soviet Armenia (approximately 4,200 addresses) and exported to 63 countries, including West Germany, England, France, Cuba, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and others. Since 1954, the factory showcased its products at union and international exhibitions and fairs like Zagreb, Leipzig, Warsaw, Tokyo, Montreal, and Cairo. Approximately 260 individuals working in the factory received medals from the USSR for their outstanding achievements. Avetisyan's watch case manufacturing machine earned a silver medal for high productivity (16 times more than the previous model) at the USSR Academy of Arts and Sciences. Paper clock face of "SEVANI" alarm clock! An important aspect of the factory was its ability to produce all necessary watch parts on-site, starting from clean raw materials. Aside from mass consumption alarm clocks and wall clocks, the factory crafted commemorative clocks for significant national events. Examples include apricot wood watches for Komitas's centenary, Armenian tuff watches for Lenin's centenary, featuring carvings of the Armenian alphabet and the Matenadaran building. Regrettably, a decision has been made to demolish the building from the 1930s-1940s. Despite left only with bare walls, its unique design still captures attention. Farewell to the Clock Factory, a historical maker of timepieces! I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

I’m Suren, a professional urbexer who has turned his passion into a career, guiding tourists through abandoned places and supporting a unique lifestyle. I do this full-time and, over the years, have become a specialist in this field. In recent years, urbex (urban exploration) has gained massive popularity, especially on social media. Soviet-era sites across post-Soviet countries have become hotspots for adventurers, photographers, and history enthusiasts. One of the most popular destinations in Armenia is the ROT54 Radio-Optical Telescope, perched at 1,700 meters above sea level on the southern slopes of Mount Aragats — the country’s highest peak. This tour invites you to join me as your private guide to explore this Soviet-era scientific marvel. < Back Urbex Tour to ROT54 – Explore Armenia’s Most Fascinating Abandoned Place I’m Suren, a professional urbexer who has turned his passion into a career, guiding tourists through abandoned places and supporting a unique lifestyle. I do this full-time and, over the years, have become a specialist in this field. In recent years, urbex (urban exploration) has gained massive popularity, especially on social media. Soviet-era sites across post-Soviet countries have become hotspots for adventurers, photographers, and history enthusiasts. One of the most popular destinations in Armenia is the ROT54 Radio-Optical Telescope, perched at 1,700 meters above sea level on the southern slopes of Mount Aragats — the country’s highest peak. This tour invites you to join me as your private guide to explore this Soviet-era scientific marvel. ROT54 and the Tour Experience This urban explorer tour gives you a rare chance to visit one of the most popular and mysterious scientific sites of the Soviet legacy: the Herouni United Space Center in the village of Orgov. Hidden in the peaceful hills of Orgov lies ROT54 , an enormous and now-abandoned scientific structure. Built between 1975 and 1985 , this telescope features a massive 54-meter (177 ft) dish and was once among the most advanced radio-optical telescopes in the world. The project was the brainchild of Paris Herouni — a radio astronomer, physicist, and engineer — a determined Armenian scientist who spent years convincing Soviet authorities to approve its construction in Armenia. Aerial photo of ROT54 The telescope operated from 1986 until it stopped in 1990. In the mid-1990s, plans were made to restore it. From 1995 to 2010, it was partially modernized with new control computers and equipment, and observations resumed with help from the Astronomical Society of Russia and the National Technical University of Athens. But in 2012, a control arm failed, disabling the secondary mirror and stopping operations again. The Armenian government couldn’t afford repairs, and the facility was mothballed. To restart it, the control systems need major upgrades, old analog sensors must be replaced with digital ones, and the data systems must be modernized. Experts estimate the cost at around $25 million. In the control room of ROT54 Today, the dish stands silent. Inside the control room, everything remains as if time simply froze — a perfect set piece for any urban explorer. Arev: The Forgotten Solar Power Station Just a short walk from ROT54 lies Arev , an unfinished solar thermal power station designed by Paris Herouni during Armenia’s 1990s energy and economic crisis, when even the country’s most important strategic facility, the Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant, was shut down. It was protected by nine patents and boasted higher efficiency than similar international projects. Despite attracting interest from foreign investors, particularly from Great Britain, the project was never completed. When construction was close to completion, the investors attempted to acquire Herouni’s patents, which ultimately brought the project to a halt. Now, the skeletal remains of Arev resemble something from a science fiction film — a raw monument to Soviet ambition, lost in time. A visit to "Orbita" antenna During this tour, we will also have a unique opportunity to see the massive “Orbita” antenna. The Orbita (Орбита) system was the world’s first national satellite television network, launched by the Soviet Union in 1967. Covering the vast territory of the USSR, laying cables to every remote region was impractical. Instead, a network of ground stations equipped with large, iconic parabolic antennas was built to receive signals from Molniya satellites. In 1967, the first 20 Orbita stations were put into operation. The system expanded rapidly. By 1970, there were already more than 50 stations, and by 1984, the network had grown to over 100 stations, including more than 10 transmit-and-receive stations. Armenia was also part of this network and had several Orbita antennas. According to available information, the Orbita station in Armenia became operational in November 1977, although it is unclear whether this date refers to this specific station or another antenna; further verification is required. The launch of this station coincided with the construction of the 311.7-meter Yerevan TV Tower, which allowed Armenia to receive the Second Program of Central Television from Moscow via the Molniya and Raduga satellite constellations. Tour Highlights Walk around the legendary ROT-54 antenna Explore the iconic control room with its original panels, perfectly preserved Visit abandoned buildings, including a unique anechoic chamber Get up close to — or even climb — the futuristic Arev solar power station Climb the observation tower for stunning panoramic views of the area See the giant "Orbita" antenna More details… For groups larger than 4, please contact me via Telegram or WhatsApp. The number is listed at the bottom of the website. Transfer to and from your address in Yerevan Guide services Flexible schedule: time for photos, rest, and exploration Distance from Yerevan — about 40 km (approximately 50 minutes by car) Total tour duration — 4 to 5 hours The tour is conducted in a well-maintained Mitsubishi Pajero 4 P.S. This tour can be combined with a visit to the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, where you can see either the iconic ZTA‑2.6 telescope or the 1‑meter Schmidt telescope , a true scientific landmark. For more details, feel free to contact me directly via WhatsApp or Telegram for a quick response! Project Gallery You May Also Like A Unique Tour to Armenia’s Hidden Cold War Radio Center From Yerevan to Mount Aragats Tour to Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Climb Mount Artanish & Explore Sevanavank Monastery Urbex Tour to the Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Observatory Hiking from Lake Parz to Gosh Village Urbex Tour to ROT54 – Explore Armenia’s Most Fascinating Abandoned Place Hike Armenia by choosing the popular Smbataberd trail Previous Next

While on an exploration mission in the Syunik region with G. Mattu, we decided to explore this shoe factory as well. It had a guard, probably living nearby, whom we managed to convince to let us in, and he kindly showed us around. < Back Exploring an abandoned shoe factory in Armenia While on an exploration mission in the Syunik region with G. Mattu, we decided to explore this shoe factory as well. It had a guard, probably living nearby, whom we managed to convince to let us in, and he kindly showed us around. Not much information is available about this shoe factory, but the man told us that it ceased operations in the 2000s. During the Soviet era, it produced some of the finest shoes in Armenia, which were later distributed throughout the Soviet Union. Me in the library of the abandoned shoe factory! Like any other factories this one also had a library and a meeting hall! Judging by the design and quality of the remaining shoes, I got the impression that they were indeed of high quality. If the factory had continued operating into modern days, it could have further improved the quality and enhanced the design. The shelves were full of shoe samples! Unfortunately, like hundreds of other factories from the Soviet period in Armenia, it now lies in ruins. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Join my guided urban explorer tours to uncover a fascinating time capsule from the Soviet era. Once a thriving sanatorium offering a distinctive combination of leisure and medical services, it now stands as a relic of history, preserving the essence of a bygone era. < Back Exploring an abandoned Soviet sanatorium Join my guided urban explorer tours to uncover a fascinating time capsule from the Soviet era. Once a thriving sanatorium offering a distinctive combination of leisure and medical services, it now stands as a relic of history, preserving the essence of a bygone era. Located just a short distance from Yerevan, this destination is renowned for its high-quality mineral water and was once home to Armenia's premier sanatoriums. During the Soviet era, it attracted visitors from across the Union, offering them a perfect blend of relaxation and rejuvenation. Perched high on the hill this sanatorium looks like a fortress from the gorge In the Soviet Union and post-Soviet countries, a sanatorium is a combined resort and medical facility offering short-term complex rest and medical services, similar to a spa resort. Projector room with its movie posters made a huge impression on me Following the Soviet Union's collapse, these sanatoriums were privatized. Properties without investments decayed, facing looting, while guarded ones became time capsules. This particular sanatorium, built for tire factory workers, remains frozen in time, a unique glimpse into the past. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Discover the Church of Saint Arsenius in Gyumri, Armenia's largest Russian church. Built in the 1870s, this historic landmark, now an abandoned church in ruins, boasts a unique design and continues to attract visitors from around the world. < Back The largest Russian church in Armenia Discover the Church of Saint Arsenius in Gyumri, Armenia's largest Russian church. Built in the 1870s, this historic landmark, now an abandoned church in ruins, boasts a unique design and continues to attract visitors from around the world. The Church of Saint Arsenius, located in the Kazachi Post area of Gyumri, Armenia, is the largest Russian church in the country. Named after the archbishop of Serbia, St. Arsenius, this historic church was built in the 1870s and consecrated on January 6, 1910. The facade of Saint Arsenius the Archbishop of Serbia Church Architecturally, the church featured two main domes: a conical belfry characteristic of Armenian design and an onion-shaped dome. However, in the 1930s, these domes were demolished, and the building was repurposed as a shelter for orphans, a cattle stable, and eventually a cinema club. Inside Saint Arsenius church Since the 2010s, the church has been undergoing a slow but steady renovation, funded by contributions from believers and benefactors. In particular, I noticed that the roof has undergone temporary renovations. Despite its turbulent history, the Church of Saint Arsenius remains a significant spiritual and cultural landmark in Armenia. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Armenia, officially known as the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country located in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. Positioned at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, it is part of the Caucasus region and shares borders with Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Iran to the south, and Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan, to the southwest. Yerevan, the nation's capital, stands as its largest city and primary financial center. Armenia's strategic location reflects its rich and complex history, shaped by centuries of cultural exchange and geopolitical significance. < Back Where is Armenia - Maps, History and Facts Armenia, officially known as the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country located in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. Positioned at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, it is part of the Caucasus region and shares borders with Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Iran to the south, and Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan, to the southwest. Yerevan, the nation's capital, stands as its largest city and primary financial center. Armenia's strategic location reflects its rich and complex history, shaped by centuries of cultural exchange and geopolitical significance. Armenia is a landlocked country located in the northwest of the Armenian Highlands, just south of the Caucasus mountain range, at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Iran to the south, and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the southwest. ( Historically part of Armenia up to 1921 but transferred to Azerbaijan by the Bolsheviks. On March 16, 1921, Soviet Russia and Turkey signed an agreement in Moscow, according to which Nakhichevan was transferred to the guardianship of Soviet Azerbaijan. Before that, Nakhichevan was part of the First Republic of Armenia. From the point of view of international law, this was an absolutely illegal agreement. Two countries transferred the territory of a third state, which they themselves recognized as sovereign, to a fourth state, without their participation or even asking for their opinion .) This map clearly illustrates Armenia's landlocked position, highlighting its geographic situation surrounded by neighboring countries without direct access to the sea Armenia has a total area of 29,743 square kilometers (11,484 square miles) and a population of about 3 million people. The capital and largest city, Yerevan, is situated along the Hrazdan River. It was founded in 782 BC, when King Argishti I of Urartu established the fortress of Erebuni. This was 29 years before the founding of Rome in 753 BC. Yerevan is one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities. Armenia boasts a rich and ancient history, tracing its origins to the 16th century BC as part of the Urartu civilization. It emerged as a powerful kingdom in the 1st century BC under the reign of Tigranes the Great, whose leadership significantly expanded Armenia's territory and influence in the region. Map of the Republic of Armenia and Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) Republic At the height of his rule, Tigranes' empire stretched from the Pontic Alps (in present-day northeastern Turkey) to Mesopotamia, and from the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean. His series of military victories and territorial expansion earned him the prestigious Achaemenid title "King of Kings," a designation also used by the contemporary Parthian rulers, and this title prominently appeared on coins minted after 85 BC. Armenia is one of only three countries marked on the Babylonian Imago Mundi (Latin for “Image of the World”), the world’s oldest known map. This clay tablet dates to the 6th century BC and was likely based on an earlier 9th-century BC original. The region shown corresponds to Armenia, which at the time was known as Urartu. On the tablet itself, the name used is Urartu (Uraštu in Akkadian). Map of the World from Sippar, Iraq, 6th century BCE. British Museum Armenia was the first country to adopt Christianity as its official religion in 301 AD under King Tiridates III. Armenia has faced many invasions and conflicts throughout its history, such as by the Romans, Persians, Mongols, Ottomans, Russians, and Azerbaijanis. Armenia gained its independence from Russia in 1991 after decades of Soviet occupation. Ejmiatsin Cathedral. The Ejmiatsin Cathedral, also known as the Mother Cathedral of Holy Ejmiatsin, is the spiritual center of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Located in the city of Vagharshapat, this UNESCO World Heritage site is the oldest cathedral in Armenia, dating back to 301 AD. The cathedral is a symbol of Armenian Christianity and a masterpiece of Armenian architecture, with its intricate carvings, frescoes, and religious significance. Armenia is a landlocked country that has no access to the sea. It has a diverse geography that includes mountains, valleys, plains, forests, rivers, lakes, and waterfalls. Some of the most famous natural attractions in Armenia are Mount Aragats (highest summit), Lake Sevan (the largest lake in Armenia), Geghard Monastery (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), Garni Temple (the only standing Greco-Roman colonnaded building in Armenia and the former Soviet Union) etc. Armenia also has a rich cultural heritage that reflects its ancient traditions and modern influences. Some of the most notable aspects of Armenian culture are its language (Armenian), its literature, its music and its cuisine. Armenian landscape: Lake Kari and mount Aragats In conclusion, whether you're a history buff seeking ancient ruins, an adventurer craving mountain treks, or a culture enthusiast eager to delve into unique traditions, Armenia's location promises an unforgettable experience. So, pack your bags, open your mind, and embark on a journey to the heart of the Caucasus. Armenia awaits, ready to unveil its magic. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Nestled amidst the picturesque village of Sanahin, Armenia, lies the Mikoyan Brothers' Museum, dedicated to two brothers who left an indelible mark on Soviet history. This museum honors the remarkable achievements of Anastas Mikoyan, a prominent politician who rose through the ranks of the Soviet government, and Artem Mikoyan, a brilliant aircraft designer who co-created the legendary MiG fighter jets. < Back A Visit to Mikoyan Brothers' Museum Nestled amidst the picturesque village of Sanahin, Armenia, lies the Mikoyan Brothers' Museum, dedicated to two brothers who left an indelible mark on Soviet history. This museum honors the remarkable achievements of Anastas Mikoyan, a prominent politician who rose through the ranks of the Soviet government, and Artem Mikoyan, a brilliant aircraft designer who co-created the legendary MiG fighter jets. Sanahin village is renowned not only for its 10th-century Sanahin Monastery complex, a UNESCO World Heritage site, but also as the birthplace of Anastas and Artem Mikoyan. Artem was a renowned aircraft designer and co-founder of the Mikoyan-Gurevich (MiG) design bureau alongside Mikhail Gurevich. Anastas was a Soviet statesman and long-serving Politburo member, known for his roles in the Soviet food industry and international diplomacy, particularly during the Cuban Missile Crisis. He became a member of the Communist Party’s Central Committee in 1923 and remained at the highest levels of power through the eras of Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, and Brezhnev. MiG-21 "Fishbed" is on display outside the museum The Mikoyan Brothers' House-Museum was founded in 1971 to honor the contributions of Anastas and Artem Mikoyan to their homeland. The museum and memorial were opened on June 17, 1982. On its opening day, two of the most influential exhibits were brought from Moscow: a MiG plane and Artem Mikoyan's official car. Over the years, the house-museum has been enriched with additional exhibits. The museum was founded by Nushik Mikoyan, the daughter of Mikoyan's uncle. In 2017, the museum underwent renovation funded by the "Looking Forward" fund. The museum is conventionally divided into two sections: one dedicated to Artem and the other to the life and activities of Anastas Mikoyan. It houses a multilingual library that includes books on the brothers' activities, which visitors can use. Thematic books from various countries and archival documents are also available. A notable exhibit is a pilot's uniform donated by Peter Ostapenko, a test pilot for the MiG bureau who was involved in test flights from the MiG-19 to the MiG-31, setting eight world records. The pressurized uniform on display has remained largely unchanged for over 50 years, with similar uniforms still in use today. Visitors can explore models, blueprints, and photographs showcasing the evolution of MiG fighter jets, which played a pivotal role in Soviet aviation history. The museum features a GAZ-12 ZIM limousine once owned by Anastas Mikoyan, offering a glimpse into the lifestyle of a prominent Soviet leader The Mikoyan Brothers' Museum serves as a testament to the power of innovation, ambition, and the enduring Armenian spirit. The museum reminds visitors that Armenia, a nation rich in history and culture, has also produced remarkable individuals who have shaped the world stage. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

A visit to this culture house promises a journey into the Soviet past, revealing the charm of old movie projectors, vintage posters, a captivating fresco, and exquisite stage curtains! Join my guided tours for unforgettable impressions. < Back A Soviet Culture House Frozen in Time A visit to this culture house promises a journey into the Soviet past, revealing the charm of old movie projectors, vintage posters, a captivating fresco, and exquisite stage curtains! Join my guided tours for unforgettable impressions. Although designed by the renowned Armenian architect Rafael Israelyan, this culture house didn't leave a strong impression from the outside. However, the interior proved to be fascinating. While it continues to host activities such as kids' dancing classes, it undoubtedly requires urgent reconstruction. Anahit, a woman living nearby and working in there, guided us through the venue. This part of the culture house serves as a gym for local athletes... Upon entering, a massive fresco caught my attention, depicting a war scene from Armenian history. The majestic artwork left a lasting impression. On the way to the projector room, a big painting of Lenin was lying on the floor—an appreciated nod to preserving history. Soviet movie projectors can still be found in large quantities in culture houses... The projector room housed two vintage projectors and adorned with attractive movie posters from the Soviet past. However, the highlight was undoubtedly the concert hall, featuring impressive stage curtains. Anahit enthusiastically opened them, allowing me to capture photos one by one. There is a popular dance style 'Dance of Tulips' in Armenia! This curtain is based on it! She mentioned a large curtain depicting Lenin, though our attempt to unveil it proved unsuccessful. In conclusion, this site is a delightful visit, offering excellent opportunities for urbex photography. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Earlier I wrote about the 1-meter Schmidt telescope at the Byurakan Observatory. Today I want to focus on another giant of Armenian and Soviet science — the ZTA-2.6 telescope. For anyone interested in Soviet technology, scientific tourism or into urbex adventures, this site is a true hidden gem. And yes — you can explore it on my urban explorer tours across Armenia. < Back The ZTA-2.6 Telescope at Byurakan Observatory Earlier I wrote about the 1-meter Schmidt telescope at the Byurakan Observatory. Today I want to focus on another giant of Armenian and Soviet science — the ZTA-2.6 telescope. For anyone interested in Soviet technology, scientific tourism or into urbex adventures, this site is a true hidden gem. And yes — you can explore it on my urban explorer tours across Armenia. The Byurakan Observatory stands on the southern slope of Mount Aragats, in the village of Byurakan, Aragatsotn Province, about 50 km north of Yerevan, at an altitude of around 1,500 meters. It is one of the most significant scientific centers of the Soviet era. The ZTA-2.6 telescope is the largest instrument at the observatory, situated at an altitude of 1,406 meters above sea level. Aerial photo of the building that houses the ZTA-2.6 telescope The ZTA-2.6 telescope was built by LOMO (Leningrad Optical-Mechanical Association, St. Petersburg, Russia) and later transported to Armenia by plane. Not all large telescopes could handle such a journey. For example, the Schmidt telescope could not be flown due to its fragile optical system. Even the slightest vibration might have ruined its components, so it had to be delivered by truck at a cautious speed of no more than 15 km/h. Winter in Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory ZTA-2.6 is, in fact, the twin of the G. A. Shain reflector at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory. Both instruments, as well as the famous 6-meter telescope at the Russian Special Astrophysical Observatory, were designed by Bagrat Ioannisian, LOMO’s chief constructor. The observatory’s building itself is iconic. Designed by architect Sargis Gurzadyan and completed in 1975, it became operational in 1976 when the first observations were carried out. The Control Panel of the ZTA-2.6 Telescope The new main parabolic mirror, with a diameter of 264 cm made of sitall, was installed in 1984. Its relative focal lengths are 3.85, 16, and 40. The 60-ton dome, crafted from duraluminum, was designed by Gurgen Minassian and manufactured at the Byurakan Optical Mechanical Laboratory (BOML). Main specifications: Primary mirror diameter: 260 cm Mirror weight: 4 tons Mirror material: Sitall Mounting: Equatorial Aperture ratio (D/F): 1:3.85 Optical parameters: Primary focus: 10 m focal length, 2′ field Cassegrain focus: 40 m focal length, 4′ field Nasmith foci (3): 40 m focal length, 12′ field Coudé focus: 105.4 m focal length, 1′40″ field This 80-ton ZTA-2.6 telescope rotates on 60-micron-thick oil pads Today, the telescope has been fully modernized. The original control panels, once essential, are now retired, preserved as silent witnesses of another era. The system is fully computer-controlled: scientists simply enter the galactic coordinates, and the telescope automatically adjusts to the desired position. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Join me for a guided hike to the highest summit of the Geghama Mountains and conquer Mount Azhdahak. Trek through breathtaking landscapes, meet nomadic Yazidi shepherds, and explore the ancient Azhdahak petroglyphs—mysterious rock carvings that have survived for thousands of years. With a moderate difficulty level, this hike is ideal for adventurous travelers seeking high-altitude trekking. For a longer adventure, it can be combined with a multi-day Geghama Mountains trek, including camping under the stars near Mount Azhdahak. < Back Climbing mount Azhdahak Join me for a guided hike to the highest summit of the Geghama Mountains and conquer Mount Azhdahak. Trek through breathtaking landscapes, meet nomadic Yazidi shepherds, and explore the ancient Azhdahak petroglyphs—mysterious rock carvings that have survived for thousands of years. With a moderate difficulty level, this hike is ideal for adventurous travelers seeking high-altitude trekking. For a longer adventure, it can be combined with a multi-day Geghama Mountains trek, including camping under the stars near Mount Azhdahak. The Geography of mount Azhdahak Mount Azhdahak is the highest peak of the Geghama Mountains and one of the most popular hiking destinations in Armenia. The Geghama Mountains (also known as the Geghama Ridge) stretch between Lake Sevan and the Ararat Plain, forming a vast volcanic highland about 70 km long and up to 48 km wide. Rising to 3,597 meters, the extinct volcano Mount Azhdahak is best known for its stunning crater lake at 3,512 meters. On clear days, the summit reveals wide panoramic views over Lake Sevan, Lake Akna, and Lake Vishapalich, surrounded by ancient vishap (dragon) stones. In the distance, both Mount Aragats and biblical Mount Ararat rise above the horizon, while the rolling peaks of the Geghama Mountains form a dramatic and breathtaking backdrop. The hike to mount Azhdahak During this hike, we follow the classic route starting from the foothills of Mount Paytasar at an elevation of 3,000 meters. The distance from Yerevan (Republic Square) to Geghard Village is 37 km and takes about one hour by car. From there, a 14 km off-road section begins. This is one of the roughest roads in Armenia—rocky and extremely bumpy—but it adds real character to the adventure. To keep the ride comfortable, we drive with the windows closed, the air conditioning on, and light music playing. After a challenging off-road drive, I parked my Mitsubishi Pajero 4 at the foot of Mount Azhdahak, and we’re now ready to start the hike. When tourists are not in top physical shape, instead of starting the hike from the foothills of Mount Paytasar and walking 5.5 km one way, I drive directly to the base of Mount Azhdahak, which significantly shortens the route. In this case, only a 40–50-minute hike remains to reach the summit. This is the breathtaking view that rewards you at the summit of Mount Azhdahak. From here the trail descends toward the crater lake, where you can enjoy a refreshing swim. Afterward from the edge of the crater we will see the site where a meteorite is believed to have fallen millions of years ago, take a circular route around the crater, and then begin our descent. The flora and fauna of Mount Azhdahak The ascent to Mount Azhdahak unveils a diverse tapestry of flora and fauna. Along the trails, you’ll encounter vibrant endemic wildflowers and signs of wildlife that call this mountain home. The Geghama Mountain Range hosts about 250 bird species, accounting for 70% of Armenia’s avifauna. The rocky slopes are a crucial habitat for majestic birds of prey, including the golden eagle, Egyptian vulture, cinereous vulture, imperial eagle, griffon vulture, and bearded vulture. This is how my DJI Mavic 3 Mini Pro drone saw mount Azhdahak! Among the unique plants found in the area are Jurinea moschus, Arabis caucasica, catsfoot diclinous (Antennaria dioica), Gentiana pontica, and red everlasting (Helichrysum pallasii), each adding to the rich biodiversity of this spectacular landscape. This vibrant ecosystem provides an immersive experience in Armenia’s natural heritage, making the journey up Mount Azhdahak truly unforgettable. The traces of wild animals we encountered on our way to Mount Azhdahak were fascinating. When snow still covers the ground, it acts like a living map, revealing the paths of the creatures that have recently passed through the area. As mentioned above, Azhdahak is home to diverse flora. During my hikes, there's a tradition - each time we encounter flowers, we place our boots close to the flower and take a photo! In this photo below, you can see Dianthus pavonius, the peacock-eye pink . These species are mainly found in the southern Alps of France and Italy and in the Pyrenees. However, on your way to Azhdahak, you can also encounter them. Dianthus pavonius grows in grasslands and prefers sunny areas with moderately nutrient-rich, moist soil, at altitudes ranging from 1,100 to 3,000 meters (3,600 to 9,800 feet) above sea level. Dianthus pavonius, the peacock-eye pink The petroglyphs (rock carvings) of Geghama mountains A visit to Mount Azhdahak offers not only breathtaking landscapes but also a chance to explore Armenia’s rich heritage and natural wonders. Among the notable features are ancient petroglyphs and vishaps, which add a historical and cultural depth to the experience. Rock carvings are found in over 120 countries worldwide, including Armenia. In Armenia, these carvings are primarily located in five significant geographical areas, including the Geghama Mountains. With approximately 20,000 petroglyphs found in Armenia, these carvings date back to the 12th century BCE and earlier. Petroglyphs are images created by removing part of a rock surface (in Armenia these are usually done on basalt stones) through incising, picking, carving, or abrading. The term "petroglyph" derives from the Greek words “petra” (meaning “stone”) and “glypho” (meaning “to carve”). The Armenian petroglyphs depict a range of scenes and symbols, including: Hunting scenes : Depicting people hunting animals, essential for survival. Animals : Various species such as goats, deer, and bulls. Geometric shapes: Abstract designs like spirals and circles. Human activities: Daily life scenes, including fighting and rituals. Astronomical symbols: Zodiac signs and other celestial imagery. These carvings provide unique insights into the lives, beliefs, and artistic traditions of the ancient people who once inhabited this region. On our return, we will stop to see these remarkable petroglyphs. On the upper part of the stone, a hunter stands next to an elk, armed with a bow and arrow. The lower carvings depict a goat (the most commonly represented figure in Armenian petroglyphs), and a dog. https://video.wixstatic.com/video/103e0a_628ca5f100e248018ad939b4c9bda622/1080p/mp4/file.mp4 My drone hovers over Mount Azhdahak I’m sure this video has made you fall in love with Mount Azhdahak! Don’t hesitate to contact me for a guided tour to the summit of the Geghama Mountains. Azhdahak is waiting for you! Tour Details: Start: 7:30-8.00 AM from Yerevan Finish: Around 5 PM in Yerevan Hiking Distance: 5.5km (One way) Duration: Around 2.5 hours (Ascent)! Altitude Gain: 600 meters Start point: Foot of mount Paytasar (3000m) End point: Foot of mount Paytasar (3000m) Difficulty: Moderate Trail Type: Out-and-Back Transportation: Off-road Car (Mitsubishi Pajero 4) --------------- Tour Price to the Summit of Mount Azhdahak Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group) : 110.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! ----------------- Important! If you’re not physically fit, I can drive you up to the foot of Mount Azhdahak, from where it’s about a 40-minute hike to the summit. ----------------- The price includes: Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan) Transportation in air conditioned vehicle Service of a guide --------- The Price Does Not Include: Airport transfers Insurance Lunch (Lunchboxes can be added in case of an extra payment) -------------- List of things you should consider taking: 1. Backpack: A sturdy backpack to carry all your essentials. 2. Water: Sufficient water to stay hydrated throughout the hike. At least 1.5 liters… 3. Food: Pack lightweight, high-energy snacks or meals to keep your energy levels up. 4. Clothing: Dress in layers, including a waterproof/windproof outer layer, and choose moisture-wicking materials. Having extra socks and boots always welcomed… 5. Hiking Shoes/Boots : Wear comfortable and supportive footwear suitable for the terrain. 6. First Aid Kit: I have mine but in case you are using specific medicaments take with you! 7. Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from harmful UV rays. 9. Headlamp/Flashlight: Essential for hiking in low light conditions or during overnight trips. 10. Whistle: A loud whistle for attracting attention in case of emergencies. 11. Trekking Poles: Optional but helpful for stability, especially on challenging terrains. 12. Rain Gear: A lightweight, waterproof jacket or poncho to stay dry during rain showers. 13. Trash Bag: Carry a small bag to pack out your trash and keep the trail clean. Remember, this list may vary depending on the length and difficulty of the hike, weather conditions, and personal needs. But this were the basic things I decided to emphasize! 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Armenia is a country with a rich and ancient cultural heritage. It has three entries on the UNESCO World Heritage List, each listed under a single name, though some include multiple locations. All of them are monasteries, churches, or closely related religious sites. Together, they reflect the spiritual depth, architectural skill, and artistic achievements of the Armenian people, as well as their historical interactions with other civilizations. < Back Armenia’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites Armenia is a country with a rich and ancient cultural heritage. It has three entries on the UNESCO World Heritage List, each listed under a single name, though some include multiple locations. All of them are monasteries, churches, or closely related religious sites. Together, they reflect the spiritual depth, architectural skill, and artistic achievements of the Armenian people, as well as their historical interactions with other civilizations. Armenia has three UNESCO World Heritage entries , each listed under a single name , even though some include multiple sites: Cathedral and Churches of Etchmiadzin and the Archaeological Site of Zvartnots (2000) Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin (1996, 2000) Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley (2000) Here is a brief history of these places, presented in parallel with photos. Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin: The Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin are two remarkable examples of Armenian religious architecture, located in the Lori region of Armenia. They were built between the 10th and 13th centuries, during the period of prosperity and cultural revival known as the Kiurikian dynasty. The monasteries were founded by King Ashot III and his wife, Queen Khosrovanush, known for her patronage of learning and art. Haghpat Monastery The monastery of Haghpat consists of several buildings, including a narthex, a refectory, a scriptorium, a chapel-tomb complex, a belfry, and several cross-stones (khachkars). The monastery is surrounded by a towered rampart that was built in the 13th century to protect it from invaders. The monastery overlooks the Debed River and is situated on a hillside that offers scenic views. The monastery is also connected to St. Nshan Church by an underground passage. Sanahin Monastery The monastery of Sanahin is adjacent to Haghpat and shares some architectural features with it. It has a rectangular plan with an apse at one end and two towers at the other. The monastery contains several chapels dedicated to different saints and martyrs. It also had a school for illuminators and calligraphers that was renowned for its artistic skills. The mother church of the Armenian Apostolic Church - Etchmiadzin Cathedral Cathedral and Churches of Echmiatsin and the Archaeological Site of Zvartnots: The Cathedral of Echmiatsin, also known as Etchmiadzin, is the mother church of the Armenian Apostolic Church, located in the city of Echmiatsin or Vagharshapat. It was built in the early fourth century by King Trdat III and Saint Gregory the Illuminator, who converted Armenia to Christianity. The cathedral has a cruciform plan with four apses and a central dome, which is considered a masterpiece of Armenian architecture. The cathedral has been rebuilt several times after being damaged by earthquakes, fires, and invasions. The current building dates back to 1868 and incorporates elements from different periods of Armenian art․ The ruins of Zvartnots Temple The Archaeological Site of Zvartnots is located near Echmiatsin, about 18 km away. Zvartnots Temple, also known as Zvartnots Cathedral, is a medieval Armenian temple near the city of Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. Catholicos Nerses III, the leader of the Armenian Church at that time, built it in the 7th century CE. The temple is renowned for its unique circular shape, a rarity in Armenian architecture. Zvartnots stood for 320 years before collapsing in the tenth century. The reason for its collapse is debated, with theories suggesting an earthquake or attacks from repeated Arab raids. Despite being well-engineered, the most accepted explanation is an earthquake collapse. Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley: The Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley is a stunning example of Armenian medieval architecture and culture. It is located in the Kotayk Province, at the entrance to the Azat River gorge, which is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site. The monastery was founded in the 4th century by St. Gregory the Illuminator, who converted Armenia to Christianity. The name Geghard means "the Monastery of the Spear" and originates from the spear that allegedly wounded Jesus at the Crucifixion. It is said to have been brought to Armenia by Apostle Jude, and stored among various other relics. Currently, it is showcased in the Echmiadzin treasury. Geghard Monastery The main architectural complex was completed in the 13th century AD and consists of the cathedral, the adjacent narthex, eastern and western rock-cut churches, the family tomb of Proshyan princes, Papak’s and Ruzukan’s tomb-chapel, as well as various cells and numerous rock-cut cross-stones (khachkars). The Kathoghikè (main church) is in the classic Armenian form, an equal-armed cross inscribed in a square in plan and covered with a dome on a square base, linked with the base by vaulting. The monastery is surrounded by high cliffs that offer a spectacular view of the valley below. The valley is rich in natural beauty and cultural heritage. It contains several ancient sites, such as temples, palaces, fortresses, and monasteries. One of them is pagan Garni Temple. The Monastery of is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Armenia. It attracts visitors from all over the world who admire its unique architecture and history. It is also a place where visitors can experience the Armenian spirit and faith. These three sites showcase the architectural styles, artistic expressions, religious beliefs, and historical events that shaped Armenia’s identity over centuries. They are also sources of inspiration for future generations to preserve and promote their heritage. 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Explore the Jermuk Drinking Gallery, one of Armenia’s most recognizable landmarks. Built in 1956, this open-air arcade lets visitors taste mineral waters flowing from five natural springs, each with its own temperature and mineral composition. Learn about the gallery’s architecture, health benefits, and why it remains a must-see stop for anyone traveling to Jermuk. < Back Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Explore the Jermuk Drinking Gallery, one of Armenia’s most recognizable landmarks. Built in 1956, this open-air arcade lets visitors taste mineral waters flowing from five natural springs, each with its own temperature and mineral composition. Learn about the gallery’s architecture, health benefits, and why it remains a must-see stop for anyone traveling to Jermuk. The drinking gallery is one of the most iconic landmarks of Jermuk. Located in the heart of the town, it’s a popular spot for both visitors and locals. The gallery was built in 1956, designed by Gevorg Tamanyan, the son of the renowned Armenian architect Alexander Tamanyan. The structure sits under an open canopy supported by elegant arches and columns, giving it a distinctive architectural style. Its total area is 395 square meters. This open design allows visitors to enjoy the fresh mountain air and the surrounding landscape while staying inside the gallery. A charming feature of the gallery is the row of small taps that continuously pour mineral water. Large decorative jars placed beneath them add a sense of tradition and warmth to the space. Behind the wall runs a main pipe that delivers the mineral water directly from the natural springs. Jermuk’s gallery offers water from five mineral springs, each with its own temperature — ranging from 30°C to 53°C. The waters also differ in composition: one is rich in sodium, another contains more calcium and chlorine. Best of all, sampling the water is completely free. Doctors often recommend visitors in Jermuk to drink this mineral water three times a day, 20–30 minutes before meals. Proper use of the water is believed to improve digestion, support treatment of gastrointestinal conditions, enhance metabolism, and promote overall well-being. In 2003, the drinking gallery was officially included in Armenia’s State List of Immovable Historical and Cultural Monuments, recognizing its cultural and architectural value. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk