Soviet-era mosaics in Armenia

Soviet-era mosaics in Armenia are distinguished by their unique blend of local and Soviet styles. Artists employed traditional Armenian patterns and themes, often featuring folkloric elements and historical references. These were interwoven with Soviet iconography, including elements of Armenian architecture, symbolic motifs, and depictions of workers, scientists, and cosmonauts, representing the progress and industrial power of the USSR.

Here are several mosaics whose coordinates I have intentionally withheld, to awaken the explorer within you and encourage your own discoveries.

The Birth of Astghik by Garnik Smbatyan, Araqel Araqelyan, Mikael Gyurjyan, Rouben Hovnatanyan, and Yuri Babayan. Year 1982

When creating this mosaic, Smbatyan was inspired by The Birth of Venus, a famous painting by the Italian artist Sandro Botticelli, executed in the mid-1480s. Botticelli depicts the goddess Venus arriving at the shore after her miraculous birth, having emerged fully grown from the sea—a classical motif known as Venus Anadyomene.

In pagan Armenia, Astghik was originally the goddess of the creation of heaven and earth. Over time, her image evolved, and she became primarily associated with love, beauty, and fertility. In the mosaic, the moment of Astghik’s birth is shown: she stands nude as nymphs approach, carrying a long garment to cover her.

Karen Aghamyan's "Progress", 1983

Karen Aghamyan's "Progress" mosaic, created in 1983, is another uniquely futuristic piece that I adore. It features an astronaut in a spacesuit floating in space. The second figure resembles Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man, blending human anatomy with geometric perfection. The third part portrays a naked male figure with arms and wings outstretched, seemingly levitating in the air.

A mosaic on the facade of former "Vaspurakan" restaurant

The mosaics were often large-scale, covering the walls of public buildings, factories, and cultural institutions. Their grand size and prominent placement were intended to inspire and educate the public, serving as daily reminders of the Soviet ideals and the collective Armenian identity.

Mosaics or frescoes with cosmic themes are my favorite, though! In this case, it is really difficult to take a proper photo since, when you stand in front of the building, the trees block the view.

The creation of these mosaics involved meticulous craftsmanship. Artists used a variety of materials, including colored glass, ceramic tiles, and natural stones. The vibrant colors and durability of these materials ensured that the mosaics would withstand the test of time and attract attention, preserving their splendor for decades.

This mosaic, titled "Flight," was created by Zohrab Mirzoyan in collaboration with Eduard Karsyan and Karapet Shekhian between 1984 and 1986

Along the Yerevan–Sevan highway stands a magnificent mosaic, but passengers speeding past rarely pay it any attention. The mosaic depicts the statue of David of Sassoun by Ervand Kochar and the Government Building designed by Alexander Tamanyan. Once, a metal key stood to the right of the mosaic, but it didn’t withstand the test of time. Today, the mosaic is in a depressing state and is gradually fading away.

In modern days, with the rapidly growing urbex community and the influence of social networks, these mosaics are experiencing a resurgence, attracting photographers from around the world. Their vibrant colors and historical significance make them perfect subjects for capturing the interplay of art and history. Exploring these mosaics not only provides a visual feast but also connects us to the rich cultural and political tapestry of the past.

I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram.