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This article recounts our journey to Tirinkatar in mid-October 2025, to one of Armenia’s oldest archaeological sites. Perched at 2,850 meters, the sacred valley is home to 12 vishaps—ancient Dragon Stones—spread across a 40-hectare core, offering a glimpse into Armenia’s earliest monuments. < Back Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones This article recounts our journey to Tirinkatar in mid-October 2025, to one of Armenia’s oldest archaeological sites. Perched at 2,850 meters, the sacred valley is home to 12 vishaps—ancient Dragon Stones—spread across a 40-hectare core, offering a glimpse into Armenia’s earliest monuments. Some trips feel routine. Others turn into stories you remember for life. Tirinkatar was the second kind. In September 2025, Barbara from the Netherlands contacted me with a request that instantly stood out. She wanted to visit Karahunj, ROT54, and Tirinkatar. ROT54 and Tirinkatar were closer to Yerevan and in one line, so we focused on them. To say I liked her choices would be an understatement. In all my years of guiding, this was the first time a traveler from abroad had specifically asked to visit Tirinkatar. Me in the Tirinkatar sacred valley, standing near a famous dragon stone, back in 2022 Just days before coming to Armenia, Barbara had returned from Georgia, where she took part in the traditional seasonal horse migration between the high Caucasus of Tusheti National Park and the semi-desert lowlands of Vashlovani. That already said a lot about the kind of traveler she was. On October 14, we set off. The Road to Tirinkatar The weather was on our side that day—clear skies—though fresh snow still covered the higher slopes from earlier storms. After exploring the ROT54 radio telescope and its controls room, we passed Amberd Fortress and the challenging road started. I had been to Tirinkatar before, back in 2022. That time, I parked near Amberd and hiked roughly 14 kilometers one way. This time, we drove all the way to Tirinkatar in my Mitsubishi Pajero 4. Honestly? It was the worst road I have ever driven in Armenia. Deep ruts, slippery sections, and endless rocks made every meter a challenge. After a long and exhausting drive, we finally reached the slopes of Tirinkatar. In the end, it became too slippery, so I parked the car on the foot of mount Tirinkatar. My Mitsubishi Pajero 4 parked in the Tirinkatar sacred valley, biblical mount Ararat creates a dramatic backdrop The sacred valley was already covered in snow. Luckily, I had marked the coordinates of every known dragon stone in advance. Step by step, we began discovering them one by one. What Are Vishaps (Dragon Stones)? Vishapakars or vishaps are monoliths commonly found across the Armenian Highlands. They are located at high altitudes, near natural and artificial ponds, highland lakes, and other water sources, and are closely associated with the worship of water. Over 150 vishaps are known today About 90 of them are located in modern Armenia With Barbara we are exploring the Tirinkatar sacred valley They are usually found at high altitudes, near springs, river sources, or ancient water reservoirs, typically between 2,000 and 3,000 meters above sea level. Archaeologists believe vishaps symbolized water, fertility, abundance, and the life-giving forces of nature. This fits perfectly with their location—almost always tied to water. Tirinkatar (Karmir Sar): The Summit of the God Tir Tirinkatar means “Summit of the God Tir.” Local shepherds also call it Karmir Sar—“Red Hill.” The site lies on the southern slopes of Mount Aragats, near the sources of the Amberd River, at an altitude of around 2,850 meters above sea level and covers about 100 hectares. The core archaeological zone, spanning roughly 40 hectares, contains 12 vishaps. The plateau offers breathtaking views of Mount Aragats and Mount Ararat and has always been rich in grass and water, making it an ideal summer pasture. Discovery and Scientific Research Although the surrounding area was mentioned over a century ago by Armenian archaeologists Ashkharbek Kalantar and Grigor Ghapantsyan, the archaeological site of Tirinkatar itself remained unknown to science until 2012. That year, a joint expedition of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia and Ca’ Foscari University of Venice identified a new high-altitude archaeological complex. Since then, systematic research has been carried out by an international team led by: Dr. Arsen Bobokhyan (Armenia) Dr. Pavol Hnila (Free University of Berlin) Dr. Alessandra Gilibert (Ca’ Foscari University of Venice) During the 2013–2014 excavations, archaeologists documented the following findings. 12 basalt vishaps were documented in their original archaeological context Some reach up to 5 meters in height They are carved as fish, bull, or hybrid forms For the first time, the pits where the stones originally stood were excavated and studied This confirmed Tirinkatar as the largest known concentration of vishaps in one place. Dating the Vishaps Radiocarbon dating of organic material found around the stones finally settled a long debate. • Main period of use: Chalcolithic and Early–Middle Bronze Age • Approximate dates: 4000–2000 BCE This makes vishaps among the oldest monumental stone artworks in the Caucasus. Archaeobotanical Breakthrough At an altitude where no one expected it, archaeologists discovered: Charred bread wheat Hulled barley Emmer These remains represent the first evidence of cultivated plants found at such a high altitude in the region. They were likely ritual offerings used during ceremonies. More Than Just Dragon Stones Tirinkatar is not a single monument—it is an entire sacred landscape. The site shows continuous human activity from the Neolithic period onward, with strong ritual use during the Bronze Age. Here you can find: Cromlechs and stone circles Petroglyphs depicting animals and symbols “Giant houses” – large dry-stone structures used by seasonal herders Burial mounds Modern cult sites, including the so-called Ziyarat which stands a syncretic sanctuary by various ethnic and religious groups At the summit of mount Tirinkatar stands a syncretic sanctuary used as a Ziyarat by various ethnic and religious groups UNESCO Recognition Tirinkatar’s vishaps and cultural landscape are included in UNESCO’s Tentative World Heritage List as a remarkable example of megalithic culture in the Armenian Highlands. Final thoughts ... Standing there in the snow, surrounded by silence, wind, and ancient stone, Tirinkatar does not feel like a ruin. It feels alive. Few people ever reach this place. Fewer still understand what they are seeing. That is exactly what makes Tirinkatar special. It is not an easy destination. The road is rocky and requires a high clearance car. The weather is unpredictable. But for those who make the effort, Tirinkatar offers something rare: direct contact with one of the oldest sacred landscapes in Armenia. And for me, guiding someone who truly wanted to be there made the journey even more meaningful. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Since my earlier post about the abandoned plane located in Ashtarak generated significant interest, with many using my article as a guide to visit that location, here's another post dedicated to an abandoned plane. This time, we are heading to the shore of Tsovinar Lake to see an abandoned Tu-134 plane. < Back Another Abandoned Plane in Armenia Since my earlier post about the abandoned plane located in Ashtarak generated significant interest, with many using my article as a guide to visit that location, here's another post dedicated to an abandoned plane. This time, we are heading to the shore of Tsovinar Lake to see an abandoned Tu-134 plane. The Tu-134 was a Soviet passenger aircraft designed for short and medium-haul flights, developed in the early 1960s. These models were mass-produced from 1965 to 1984 at the Kharkov Aviation Production Association. This particular Tu-134 was produced on October 22, 1970, and entered service on December 4, 1970. The operator of Tu-134A USSR-65657 (0351103) was the Armenian Civil Aviation Administration. An aerial photo of Tu-134A plane On June 17, 1983, during a flight from Lviv to Yerevan, the plane was caught in a storm over the Gali region of Abkhazia. Although the plane landed safely, it exceeded the permissible overload limits (reaching up to +3.05G / -0.65G) and was subsequently taken out of service. The plane was decommissioned on July 10, 1984, due to this incident. When visiting this place to see the plane, I recommend also visiting the Tsovinar monument on the other side of the lake After its decommissioning, the aircraft was used as an object for simulating plane fires at Zvartnots Airport in Yerevan. In 1986, it was used for ground tests in connection with the fire of Tu-134AK USSR-65120. The remains of the aircraft were moved to the shore of the Hrazdan Reservoir sometime in 2023. Unfortunately, still I have no information about where it was located before that! You can find the plane's coordinates on my Telegram channel: https://t.me/armenianexplorer_ru/27 I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

The Chess House in Yerevan stands as a testament to Soviet modernism, embodying more than mere architecture—it serves as a sanctuary for chess enthusiasts and a monumental tribute to Armenian chess history. < Back The Chess House in Yerevan Named After Tigran Petrosian The Chess House in Yerevan stands as a testament to Soviet modernism, embodying more than mere architecture—it serves as a sanctuary for chess enthusiasts and a monumental tribute to Armenian chess history. Soviet modernist buildings in Armenia are renowned for their clean lines, minimalist aesthetics, and innovative use of materials such as concrete, steel, and glass. These structures often feature geometric shapes while simultaneously maintaining functionality and comfort. The Chess House combines all these elements into an architectural masterpiece that continues to draw visitors from around the globe, even after half a century of its construction. The Chess House named in honor of the 9th World Chess Champion, Tigran Petrosian. Fortunately, the Yerevan municipality has decided to demolish the adjacent buildings that are spoiling the view of this historic monument. Located on Khanjyan Street within the Circular Park of the Kentron district, the Chess House was inaugurated with its cornerstone laid by Tigran Petrosyan. Originally named the Central House of Chess Players, it was renamed in 1984 in honor of Tigran Petrosian, the legendary Armenian chess grandmaster and World Chess Champion from 1963 to 1969. In 1989, a statue of Petrosian, sculpted by Armenian artist Ara Shiraz, was erected in front of the Chess House. Tigran Petrosian is being introduced to the scale model of the future Chess House Designed in 1970 by architects Zhanna Meshcheryakova and R. Manukyan, with artistic contributions from H. Bdeyan and D. Babayan, the Chess House is a striking example of architectural innovation. Its unique triangular shape evokes the form of a chess rook, while the facade is adorned with seven stylized chess pieces crafted from tempered copper. The main playing hall is distinguished by distinctive tapestries, each measuring 20 meters, created by the renowned artist Karapet Eghiazaryan. This is the main playing hall where the important tournaments are held Beyond its architectural significance, the Chess House serves as a focal point of chess activity in Yerevan. It houses the prestigious Yerevan Chess School, renowned for nurturing young chess talents, and regularly hosts tournaments that attract both seasoned players and amateurs alike. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

On August 20, 1980, Reinhold Messner, a mountaineer from South Tyrol, achieved the unthinkable. He became the first person to ascend Mount Everest, the world’s highest peak, alone and without the aid of supplemental oxygen. This feat was not just a testament to Messner’s physical endurance but also his mental fortitude and meticulous planning, particularly his acclimatization process. < Back Reinhold Messner's Acclimatization Process During His 1980 Solo Ascent to Mount Everest On August 20, 1980, Reinhold Messner, a mountaineer from South Tyrol, achieved the unthinkable. He became the first person to ascend Mount Everest, the world’s highest peak, alone and without the aid of supplemental oxygen. This feat was not just a testament to Messner’s physical endurance but also his mental fortitude and meticulous planning, particularly his acclimatization process. Messner’s ascent was unique in several ways. He chose to climb during the monsoon season, a time when the mountain is typically deserted due to unpredictable weather conditions. His route was also unconventional. He crossed the North Col at approximately 7,020 meters to the Norton Couloir, a steep gorge that allowed him to circumvent the perilous northeast ridge of the mountain. And above all, he used no supplemental oxygen and was alone! This feat became possible thanks to careful acclimatization as well. Let’s emphasize this fact! Acclimatization Process Acclimatization, the process by which the body adjusts to the decreased availability of oxygen at high altitudes, is a critical component of any high-altitude climb. Messner’s acclimatization process for his 1980 Everest ascent was meticulous and well-planned. First of all, Messner spent a significant amount of time at Base Camp. Moreover, he did one reconnaissance to the North Col to cache supplies there. “At the same spot where the British pioneers set up their base camp, I camped for more than 2 months. From there I put an intermediate camp at 6,000 meters and 500 meters higher, my advanced base camp as a starting point for the solo climb to the summit. From base camp, I made numerous acclimatization and reconnaissance sorties to the north, west, and south.” - Reinhold Messner, “Crystal Horizon: Everest - The First Solo Ascent” This cycle of climbing high and sleeping low is a common strategy used by mountaineers to acclimatize their bodies to high altitudes. Needless to say, it takes time and patience. Interestingly, previous acclimatization practices help a lot since, according to Messner, the body seems to develop a sort of memory for adapting itself more easily. Consequently, during his later expeditions, he had less trouble than on his first. Reinhold Messner is running in the mountains “After spending seven weeks at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, I run around in base camp as if I were at home. Once again, I have established the fact that you accustom swiftly to the rarefied air if you have already often been at great heights. I am now well acclimatized.” - Reinhold Messner, “The Crystal Horizon: Everest - The First Solo Ascent” Spending time at high altitudes also helped Messner’s girlfriend at the time, Nena Holguin, to regain her strength and resilience. She writes: “The headaches which I had at the beginning of our travels have gone. Also, I am well acclimatized.” "The Crystal Horizon: Everest - The First Solo Ascent" by Reinhold Messner in Russian In conclusion, Reinhold Messner’s 1980 solo ascent of Mount Everest was a remarkable achievement that pushed the boundaries of what was thought possible in mountaineering. His success can be attributed not only to his physical and mental strength but also to his careful and strategic acclimatization process. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

I’m Suren, a hiking guide in Armenia. I provide guiding services for travelers of all levels, along with camping and trekking experiences, whether for private tours or large groups. I organize and lead all tours myself, supported by a professional team during larger trips — guides, drivers, and cooks. In this article, I want to share important advice and explain how we organize our hikes, as I can see you’re planning a visit and a hike in Armenia. < Back Suren, the hiking guide in Armenia I’m Suren, a hiking guide in Armenia. I provide guiding services for travelers of all levels, along with camping and trekking experiences, whether for private tours or large groups. I organize and lead all tours myself, supported by a professional team during larger trips — guides, drivers, and cooks. In this article, I want to share important advice and explain how we organize our hikes, as I can see you’re planning a visit and a hike in Armenia. Once again, welcome to my website Armenian Explorer and to Armenia. I’ve been guiding hiking tours for more than 11 years, and over this time I’ve gained solid experience and practical knowledge that I’m happy to share. Before visiting Armenia, it’s wise to plan your trip carefully and book a guide in advance — most importantly, someone who does it professionally. During the tourist season, arranging things at the last minute can be difficult. Most travelers organize everything with a guide before buying their flight tickets. I’ve been guiding hiking tours for more than 11 years, and over this time I’ve gained solid experience and practical knowledge that I’m happy to share. I work in English and Russian and have an intermediate level of German. I offer private and group hiking, sightseeing, off-roading, and urbex tours across Armenia. As of December 2025, it’s important to note that Armenia has no official accreditation or certification system for guides. Unfortunately, this means that anyone — even people with little knowledge of history, the country, or foreign languages — can offer guiding services. This is a serious issue that should be addressed. Until then, travelers must choose guides carefully. Yes, that’s me — Suren. In this photo, I’m in the Tirinkatar Sacred Valley after a long and demanding hike, posing beside the ancient dragon stone known as a Vishap. Hiring a guide through a tour agency can also be tricky. Some agencies try to pay guides as little as possible and may hire random people with no real connection to tourism, simply to cut costs — while still charging travelers high prices. Not to mention, booking through a tour agency usually costs significantly more than contacting a guide directly, often without any gain in service quality—and in many cases, you might even get a better deal. Once again, making a wise choice is crucial. One last photo before conquering the Southern Summit of mount Aragats One very important factor is a guide’s online presence and activity. In my opinion, having only an Instagram page is not enough. A personal website is a strong indicator of professionalism, and only a few guides have one — myself included. I recommend doing deeper research: shortlist at least five potential guides, then narrow them down. A smart approach is to ask several guides to propose itineraries. From a well-prepared itinerary, you can already judge a guide’s professionalism and knowledge. A proper itinerary should include clear descriptions, distances, accommodation or camping options, and photos from previous hikes or tours. My car is a Mitsubishi Pajero 4 — a real workhorse that can take us anywhere in Armenia. Armenia’s main airport is Zvartnots International Airport, located on the outskirts of Yerevan. For multi-day hikes, I often meet travelers directly at the airport. If we start the hike right away, I don’t charge extra for this — pickup and drop-off from Yerevan are always included in my services. If you decide to use a taxi, it helps to know a few basics to avoid overpaying. The distance from the airport to Republic Square is about 15 km. A fair taxi price is around 3,000–3,500 AMD (roughly 7–8 euros). It’s best to install a taxi app in advance. Yandex Taxi is popular in Armenia and other post-Soviet countries, but foreigners sometimes face SMS verification issues due to restrictions on Russian companies. A good alternative is the Armenian GG Taxi app, which also offers different classes from economy to premium. Before taking a taxi, change a small amount of money into Armenian drams — just enough for transport and minor expenses like coffee. Exchange rates at the airport are usually high. Buying a local SIM card at the airport is a good idea, as mobile internet is affordable in Armenia. For example, Ucom offers practical packages. The Level Up+ 2500 plan (about 6 euros) includes 20 GB of internet, 100 minutes, and 300 SMS. The Level Up+ 5000 plan (around 11 euros) gives unlimited internet for a month, plus calls and roaming data. Ucom has a 24/7 service center in the arrivals hall of Zvartnots Airport, so you can get connected right away. Now that we’ve spent enough time at the airport, let’s lace up our boots. After reaching your hotel without overpaying for a taxi, the next step is heading out for a hike. The choice, however, depends heavily on the season. From June to the end of October , mountains above 3,000 meters are accessible, including Mount Aragats — Armenia’s highest peak — and Mount Azhdahak , both popular hiking destinations. In other seasons, it’s better to choose hikes below 2,500 meters. Armenia’s rugged terrain offers routes of varying difficulty year-round, so you’ll always find rewarding hikes no matter when you visit. Guided tour to mount Aragats The highest mountain in Armenia is Mount Aragats (4,090 m), specifically its Northern Summit. When people casually say “Aragats,” they usually mean the northern summit, while for actual hikes we always specify which peak we plan to climb. Mount Aragats has four distinct peaks, named after their geographic position. Mount Aragats Summits Northern Summit — 4,090 m (the highest point in Armenia) Western Summit — 3,995 m Eastern Summit — 3,908 m Southern Summit — 3,888 m All four summits of Mount Aragats are accessible and do not require technical climbing skills. However, good physical condition, proper gear, enough food, and sufficient water are essential. There are important nuances you should be aware of. For example, the Eastern Summit, which is usually climbed from the saddle between the Northern and Eastern peaks, has a high risk of rockfalls due to loose stones. The same can be said about the Western summit. These details are always explained carefully before the hike, and I give clear instructions on how to move and behave on the mountain. I usually recommend taking 2 liters of water for the Southern or Western summits, and around 3 liters for the Northern and Eastern summits, especially during hot August days. Lake Kari and Southern summit of mount Aragats The hiking season on Aragats generally starts at the end of May and lasts until mid-October. Sometimes we climb the Southern Summit until mid-November, but by then snow often slows movement significantly. In June, melting snow still covers large areas, making the hike more challenging — sturdy boots with a Gore-Tex membrane are strongly recommended to keep your feet dry. From mid-September, light snowfall may appear, though it’s usually not deep enough to prevent hiking. Camping on the shore of lake Kari Starting Points for Mount Aragats There are two main starting points: Lake Kari (3,200 m) — accessible even by sedan Gegharot Waterfall (3,000 m) — requires an off-road vehicle The most popular starting point is Lake Kari, the highest lake in Armenia. It’s reachable by sedan thanks to an old but relatively well-maintained asphalt road. The distance from Republic Square in Yerevan to Lake Kari is about 61 km. There are two routes to Lake Kari: via Byurakan village via Artashavan village However, the roads above Byurakan village merge. For sedan cars, the Byurakan route is recommended despite the sharp turns. The Artashavan road has many rough sections where you need to slow down significantly. Even when I drive an off-road vehicle, I usually choose the Byurakan route. Climbing the Northern and Eastern summits from Lake Kari is also possible, but it involves significant altitude losses and gains, making the hike much longer and more demanding. Southern Summit — 3,888 m (12,756 ft) Distance from Lake Kari: 5.5 km (one way) Elevation gain: 688 m Ascent time: 2.5–3 hours Descent: ~2 hours The Southern Summit is the most popular and accessible peak of Mount Aragats. You can follow the classical route, which gradually ascends toward the summit with a slight western inclination, or take the ridge route, which offers stunning views of the crater and the Northern and Eastern summits. The ridge is more demanding but extremely scenic and well worth it for experienced hikers, photographers, and bloggers. For large groups or beginners, the classical route is the safer choice. The ridge route delivers a real adrenaline rush, as you walk along the edge of the crater with dramatic views. The Western Aragats Western Summit — 3,995 m (13,107 ft) Distance from Lake Kari: 6.5 km (one way) Elevation gain: 800 m Ascent time: 3.5–4 hours Descent: ~3 hours Compared to the Southern Summit, the Western Summit has steeper slopes and many loose stones. The lead hiker must stay alert for falling rocks, especially when others are climbing below. The views from the Western Summit are more dramatic than from the Southern Summit, and the extra effort is clearly rewarded. To climb the Western Summit, we usually start from Lake Kari, follow the trail toward the saddle between the Southern and Western summits, and make the final ascent from there. After reaching the Western Summit, we return to the saddle and then climb the Southern Summit. Another option is to first climb the Southern Summit and then descend to the saddle. Sometimes, when I feel tired at the saddle, I leave my backpack there and take only about half a liter of water for the final 40-minute push to the Western Summit. This makes it possible to conquer both summits in one day. Be aware that the descent from the Southern Summit to the saddle is very slippery, with small rocks constantly sliding underfoot. The saddle is usually very windy, though this doesn’t necessarily mean the same conditions on the summit. Northern and Eastern Summits There are two usual starting points: Lake Kari (3,200 m) Gegharot Waterfall (3,000 m) From Lake Kari, the distance to the Northern Summit is 14 km one way. From Gegharot Waterfall, it’s only 6 km one way, making it the preferred option. However, reaching Gegharot requires an off-road vehicle. Lake Kari is the highest point in Armenia accessible by sedan. Northern Aragats — 4,090 m (13,420 ft) Distance: 6 km (from Gegharot Waterfall) Elevation gain: 1,090 m Ascent time: ~4.5 hours Descent: ~3.5 hours Like the Southern and Western summits, the Northern and Eastern summits are connected by a saddle, making it possible to climb two summits in one day. However, the route toward the Eastern Summit is covered with loose stones and carries a risk of rockfall, especially for hikers coming from behind. This is how the highest point of Armenia looks like! For the Eastern Summit, it’s often better to start lower, before reaching Gegharot Waterfall, and ascend directly along the ridge. This avoids descending into the crater, which is typical when climbing the Northern Summit. Choosing the correct starting point requires experience, as the hike begins at the foot of the Eastern peak. Eastern Aragats — 3,908 m (12,822 ft) Distance: 4.5 km (one way) Elevation gain: 1,200 m Ascent time: 3.5–4 hours Descent: ~3 hours The Northern Summit has two peaks: a false summit and the true summit. Hikers first reach the false one. The final approach to the true summit looks intimidating, but experienced hikers can manage it without ropes. At the highest point of Armenia stands a metal cross. It was damaged by lightning years ago and has since been restored. Can You Climb All Four Summits in One Day? Yes, it’s possible if you’re in excellent physical shape. However, for my tours, I strongly recommend doing it over two days. This makes the experience more enjoyable, with the only downside being the need to carry heavier backpacks with food, tents, sleeping bags, mats, warm clothing, and cooking gear. Day 1: Start from Lake Kari, climb the Southern and Western summits, then camp inside the crater. Day 2: Leave tents and heavy gear in the crater, climb the Northern and Eastern summits, return to pack up, and descend to Gegharot Waterfall, where transportation will be waiting. The Geghama Mountains and Mount Azhdahak The Geghama Mountains, also known as the Geghama Ridge, stretch between Lake Sevan and the Ararat Plain. The range is about 70 km long and 48 km wide, with an average elevation of around 2,500 meters. Its highest peak is Mount Azhdahak (3,597 m), one of the most popular hiking destinations in Armenia. Mount Azhdahak features a stunning crater lake at its summit, formed by melting snow. It creates a mesmerizing sight, especially in June, July, when snow patches still linger on the slopes. Another notable crater lake lies on the nearby Tar (Red Ridge) volcano. The second-highest peak of the range is Spitakasar, rising to 3,560 meters above sea level. The Geghama Mountains are ideal not only for day hikes, but also for off-roading, camping, and multi-day trekking. Cyclists are also often encountered here, crossing the ridge from Geghard Village to Lake Sevan. Climb Mount Azhdahak Route 1 — The Classical Route The most common route to Mount Azhdahak starts in Geghard Village. From here, off-road terrain begins, leading toward the foot of Mount Paytasar. If hikers are not in peak physical condition, I usually drive as close as possible to Azhdahak to shorten the hiking distance. If you plan to hike independently, a high-clearance off-road vehicle is essential. Be aware that in rainy weather the road becomes slippery and dangerous. The surface is very rough, with many loose rocks. I parked my Mitsubishi Pajero 4 at the foot of Mount Azhdahak, and after a short coffee break, we were ready to conquer the summit. Notice the dust. Logistics & Route Details Distance from Yerevan (Republic Square) to Geghard Village: 37 km (~1 hour) Off-road distance: 14 km (4WD required) Starting point: Foot of Mount Paytasar Hiking distance: 5.5 km (one way) Elevation gain: 600 m Difficulty: Moderate The trail passes through breathtaking landscapes with unique flora and fauna. Traces of wild animals are often visible, while shepherds grazing their sheep create a truly authentic atmosphere. On a clear day, the summit of Azhdahak offers panoramic views of Lake Sevan, Red Ridge, the Western and Eastern Aghusar Mountains, Spitakasar, Mount Ara, and even distant Mount Aragats. The route is an out-and-back trail. After the hike, we often explore ancient Armenian petroglyphs near Mount Paytasar. An optional off-road extension leads to Dragon Lake, home to the legendary Vishaps (Dragon Stones). Alternative Routes to Mount Azhdahak Route 2 — Via Lake Akna Another approach starts from Lake Akna, offering a longer and more demanding hike. To use this route, we first reach Sevaberd Village, where the off-road section begins and continues up to Lake Akna. The advantage of this route is the stunning scenery around Lake Akna. The downside is the longer distance — at least 4.5 km more than the classical route. I usually choose this option for multi-day treks. Hiking around lake Akna Distance from Yerevan to Sevaberd Village: 35 km (~1 hour) Off-road distance to Lake Akna: 11 km (4WD required) Starting elevation: 3,030 m Hiking distance: 10 km (one way) Camping option: Lake Nazeli (3,100 m, 5 km from the summit) This route requires careful planning, especially without a dedicated driver. Returning to the starting point involves a long trek back, so hiring a driver is strongly recommended. Route 3 — Via Lake Nazeli For a more direct but challenging approach, the hike can start from Lake Nazeli (3,100 m). The journey begins in Geghard Village, followed by an off-road drive. From there, two options are possible: Drive toward Mount Paytasar, then continue past it to Vishapasar and Lake Nazeli First reach Dragon Lake, then follow the route to Lake Nazeli Lake Nazeli Once at Lake Nazeli, it’s highly recommended to spend the night. This allows for acclimatization and optional hikes, such as climbing Mount Spitakasar (White Mountain) or walking along the crater that forms Lake Nazeli. The next day, you’ll be well prepared to climb Azhdahak. Camping on the shore of lake Nazeli Distance from Yerevan to Geghard Village: 37 km Off-road distance to Lake Nazeli: ~20 km (high-clearance 4WD required) Hiking distance: 5 km (one way) Hiking time: ~2.5 hours The off-road section beyond Mount Vishapasar is demanding, with rugged and rocky terrain. Still, Lake Nazeli is a spectacular destination and well worth the effort. Recommended 3-Day Trekking Itinerary For a deeper experience in the Geghama Mountains: Day 1: Visit Lake Akna, climb Mount Aknasar, camp by the lake Day 2: Climb Mount Azhdahak, descend to Lake Nazeli, camp overnight Day 3: Climb Mount Nazeli (3,312 m), visit Dragon Lake, return to Yerevan. On the way back, stop at Geghard Monastery, Garni Temple, and the Symphony of Stones, a unique basalt formation. Essential Tips for Hikers Physical Preparation: No technical climbing skills are needed, but good fitness is essential due to altitude and terrain. Weather: Weather in the Geghama Range is unpredictable. Bring layered clothing, a windproof jacket, a poncho, and sun protection. Navigation: Trails are unmarked. A GPS device or a local guide is strongly recommended. Nature & Facilities: There are no mountain huts or toilets — this is true wilderness. Follow Leave No Trace principles. Locals: During summer, the area is inhabited by shepherds, mainly Yazidis, a national minority in Armenia known for their hospitality. They often invite travelers to their huts and offer dairy products. It’s polite to leave a small gift, such as chocolate or cigarettes. Always greet warmly. Ask permission before taking photos, especially of women. Whether you choose a one-day climb or a multi-day trek, Mount Azhdahak and the Geghama Mountains offer an unforgettable journey through Armenia’s volcanic landscapes. Simply put: a hiking trip to Armenia isn’t complete without climbing Mount Azhdahak . Winter and Easy Hikes in Armenia In winter, I recommend hikes to Lastiver, the Lake Parz–Goshavank trail, Smbataberd Fortress, Mount Artanish, Kayan fortress or along Lori Kanyon. A hike to mount Artanish The view from the top of mount Artanish The summit of Mount Artanish is the only point from which the entire Lake Sevan is visible. Located on the Artanish Peninsula in the Gegharkunik region, it separates Big and Small Sevan. The summit rises to 2,460 meters, with an elevation gain of 560 meters. The hike is about 5 km one way, takes roughly 2.5 hours, and rewards hikers with one of the most impressive views in Armenia. Hike Details: Hiking Distance: 5 km (One way) Duration: Around 2.5 hours Elevation Gain: 560 meters Start point: Shorzha the Artist's Union Rest House End point: Shorzha the Artist's Union Rest House Difficulty: Moderate Trail Type: Out-and-Back Climbing Artanish in winter Hiking Tour to Lastiver Lastiver is home to a unique two-story cave carved into a steep canyon slope near the dramatic gorge of the Khachaghbyur River. Surrounded by tall trees, rugged cliffs, and the constant sound of flowing water, the place truly feels like something out of a fairy tale. The dense forest makes hiking here comfortable even on hot summer days— not to mention how stunning it becomes in autumn. Historically, the caves of Lastiver served as a refuge for locals during the Mongol invasions of the 13th and 14th centuries. To access them, wooden staircases resembling rafts were built — this is where the name “Lastiver” comes from, derived from Armenian. In the 1970s, Soviet-Armenian sculptor Benik Petrosyan decorated the cave walls with expressive bas-reliefs, adding to its mysterious atmosphere. Many visitors assume these carvings are ancient, which only deepens the sense of wonder. Hiking details: Hiking Distance: 3.5 km (One way) Distance of the starting point from Yerevan: 145km Duration: 2 hours (One way) Start point: Apaga Resort End point: Apaga Resort Difficulty: Easy Trail Type: Out-and-Back Hiking in the Lori Region For a scenic two-day trek, the Lori region is one of my favorites. Lori Canyon offers stunning landscapes, and along the way you can visit several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, making it a perfect balance of nature and culture. A hike through Lori Canyon to Horomayr Monastery or Kayan Fortress is especially rewarding. Unlike the Gegharkunik or Aragatsotn regions, Lori is covered with dense forests. If you enjoy forested trails and shaded paths, this region will suit you perfectly. Ready to Hike with Suren in Armenia? If this sparks your interest, let’s chat! Send me a message on WhatsApp or Telegram at +374 55677868 to plan your perfect hiking adventure in Armenia. Safe travels! Project Gallery You May Also Like Suren, the hiking guide in Armenia 1-Day Hiking Tour to Lastiver from Yerevan Best One-Day Hiking Tours from Yerevan A Hiking Adventure to Mount Tesilk and its Mysterious Cave 2-Day Hiking and Sightseeing Tour in Armenia's Lori Region Aparan Reservoir Loop Trail 1-Day Hike to Mount Ara Hiking tour to mount Yeranos

Explore Apaga Village's rich cultural heritage and its iconic House of Culture, featuring the monumental "Sasuntsiner" fresco by Sargis Muradyan. < Back This culture house in Apaga village features an amazing fresco Explore Apaga Village's rich cultural heritage and its iconic House of Culture, featuring the monumental "Sasuntsiner" fresco by Sargis Muradyan. Apaga Village, a settlement of Sassoon people established in 1919, became home to survivors from the Motkan province of Bitlis state in Western Armenia after the Armenian Genocide. The House of Culture of Apaga Village, erected in 1973, fostered vibrant cultural activities until the 1990s. Subsequently, due to neglect, the building suffered extensive damage to its roof, floor, and assets. From 2009 to 2019, partial restoration was undertaken using community budget funds to prevent further deterioration. The culture house of Apaga village In 1974, within the House of Culture, folk artist Sargis Muradyan created the monumental "Sasuntsiner" fresco (18 x 3.70 m), today recognized as a newly discovered monument of national significance. Muradyan conceived the sketch independently, while creating the fresco with assistance from Hrachya Hakobyan, Garnik Smbatyan, and R. Sargsyan. The fresco stands as a pinnacle of monumental painting in Soviet Armenia, defying prevailing norms by depicting heroes of the liberation struggle at a time when such portrayals were viewed as nationalist in the Soviet context. At its core, the expansive horizontal composition features an Armenian woman as the central figure in traditional dress, cradling a child. Alongside her are prominent symbols such as the parchment scroll of the epic poem "Sasna Tsrer," a khachkar, and a rifle resting on a cradle. The left segment vividly portrays Armenian fighters engaged in combat with Turks, prominently featuring the heroic figure of fedayi leader Andranik. On the right, the scene centers on the funeral pyre of Gevorg Chaush, with Muradyan himself depicted as a fidayi. A wide lens is needed to capture this image in a single shot Fedayis were irregular units formed by Armenian civilians who voluntarily left their families to establish self-defense groups in response to the mass murder and pillaging of Armenians by Turkish and Kurdish gangs during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

This abandoned pioneer camp in Armenia is among the best-preserved I’ve ever seen. As you wander through its grounds, now overgrown with trees and vegetation, you’ll come across striking relics of the past — from grand mosaics to statues of iconic figures like Buratino and Medz Mher. The true centerpiece, however, is the swimming pool — remarkably intact and decorated with mesmerizing Soviet-era mosaics. Join me on this urbex journey as we step into the forgotten world of Armenia’s Soviet past. < Back I Explored the Abandoned Soviet Pioneer Camp “Fairy-Tale” This abandoned pioneer camp in Armenia is among the best-preserved I’ve ever seen. As you wander through its grounds, now overgrown with trees and vegetation, you’ll come across striking relics of the past — from grand mosaics to statues of iconic figures like Buratino and Medz Mher. The true centerpiece, however, is the swimming pool — remarkably intact and decorated with mesmerizing Soviet-era mosaics. Join me on this urbex journey as we step into the forgotten world of Armenia’s Soviet past. In Soviet times, there were 200 pioneer camps in Armenia, but after the collapse of the Soviet Union, only about 10 of them managed to survive. These pioneer camps were mainly located outside the cities, nestled in the woods. Today, these once vibrant places have become abandoned, with thick bushes overgrown around them, making them perfect for urban explorations. As you approach the pioneer camp, an old sign catches your eye, bearing the inscription: «Պիոներ ճամբար Հեքիաթ / пионер лагер Сказка». As you can see in the photo, the old asphalt road is in poor condition. Driving there in a sedan is highly not recommended! Use a vehicle with higher clearance for a smoother ride. The “Fairy-Tale” camp was one of Armenia’s finest pioneer camps. Its official opening ceremony took place in 1985, and it operated until around 1993. The camp’s life was cut short by the 1988 earthquake, which partially destroyed its buildings and delayed renovations. By the time it reopened, the Soviet Union had collapsed, marking the end of its era. Then a huge bas-relief reveals itself, hidden behind the tree branches. Armenia, finding itself in a deep economic and energy crisis, began to suffocate. The First Karabakh War added an extra burden on the people. Locals, who had barely recovered from the 1988 earthquake, were in desperate need of firewood during the harsh winter days. The place was soon looted—windows, doors, even their frames were stripped away—leaving behind only the skeletons of once-glorious buildings. In the territory of the pioneer camp, I stumbled upon a stone hidden among the bushes with the following inscription in Armenian. I value it highly, because thanks to this inscription I was at least able to learn the date of the opening ceremony: Այստեղ 1985 թվականի հունիսի 16-ին տեղի է ունեցել «Հեքիաթ» պիոներական ճամբար-պանսիոնատի հանդիսավոր բացումը — ‘On June 16, 1985, the ceremonial opening of the ‘Fairy Tale’ Pioneer Camp-Resort took place here.’” The statues of Buratino and Malvina Thanks to a historical photo, I learned that there used to be more statues here. Now, only Buratino and Malvina remain. Buratino, as you may know, is the main character of Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy’s 1936 book The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Buratino, which was inspired by Carlo Collodi’s 1883 Italian novel The Adventures of Pinocchio. A 1959 animated feature film by Soyuzmultfilm made these characters especially popular in the Soviet Union. The statue of Medz Mher, one of the central figures from the Armenian epic “Daredevils of Sassoun”, stands proudly here. Known for his extraordinary strength, Medz Mher killed the lion with his bare hands that was blocking the road to Sassoun, preventing the inhabitants from starving. The statue immortalizes that legendary battle. After entering the territory through the building next to the main gates, the statue of the famous Bolshevik revolutionary can be seen in the distance. His role as a leader of the Russian Revolution in the Caucasus earned him the nickname “the Caucasian Lenin,” a reference to Vladimir Lenin himself. Today, Armenia still highly reveres his compatriot, with streets and schools continuing to bear his name. Shahumyan proudly stands atop the stairs, holding a note in his hand as if delivering a speech. The pearl of this pioneer camp is definitely the swimming pool the walls of which are covered with well preserved mosaics. It was the end of June 2020 when I went on my first urbex mission. Psychologically, going alone was challenging, but I managed to overcome my fear. I took a marshrutka (a shared minibus taxi) from Yerevan to a nearby city to begin my hike. About an hour later, I reached the camp and started exploring. I even made a detailed video—check it out! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFiSI6XygIk Today, “Fairy-Tale” has become a well-known urbex destination for travelers from all over the world. Its surrounding landscape, flower-covered fields, statues, and the mosaic-covered swimming pool act like a magnet for visitors. The time has come—you should also see this beauty for yourself and take home unforgettable photos. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

As one of the world's oldest civilizations, Armenia is a treasure trove of historical monuments, many of which date back to the early Christian era. At the same time, the country's diverse landscapes, ranging from rugged mountains to serene lakes, make it a paradise for nature lovers. In this article, we'll explore the must-see historical sites and natural wonders that make tours in Armenia an unforgettable experience. < Back Tours in Armenia: From Historical Monuments to Natural Wonders As one of the world's oldest civilizations, Armenia is a treasure trove of historical monuments, many of which date back to the early Christian era. At the same time, the country's diverse landscapes, ranging from rugged mountains to serene lakes, make it a paradise for nature lovers. In this article, we'll explore the must-see historical sites and natural wonders that make tours in Armenia an unforgettable experience. Historical Monuments: A Journey Through Time Armenia is often referred to as an open-air museum, thanks to its abundance of historical monuments scattered across the country. The rich history of Armenia is deeply intertwined with the rise of Christianity, making it the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion in 301 AD. This religious heritage is evident in the countless monasteries, churches, and khachkars (cross stones) that dot the landscape. 1. Etchmiadzin Cathedral: The Spiritual Heart of Armenia No tour of Armenia would be complete without a visit to the Etchmiadzin Cathedral, located in the city of Vagharshapat. Often referred to as the “Vatican of the Armenian Apostolic Church,” Etchmiadzin is considered the oldest cathedral in the world, with its origins dating back to 301 AD. The cathedral is not only a masterpiece of Armenian architecture but also a spiritual center for Armenians worldwide. Visitors can explore the cathedral’s intricate carvings, frescoes, and relics, including what is believed to be a piece of Noah's Ark. 2. Garni Temple: Armenia's Timeless Pagan Marvel Garni Temple, located in Armenia, is an iconic symbol of the country's pre-Christian heritage. Built in the 1st century AD, it is the only surviving Greco-Roman colonnaded building in the post-Soviet territory, dedicated to the god of sun Mithra. The temple's architecture, with its elegant columns and detailed stone carvings, reflects the influence of Roman design, yet it remains a uniquely Armenian monument. Set against the backdrop of the Azat River Gorge, Garni Temple is not only a historical treasure but also a stunning location for visitors to explore Armenia's ancient past. 3. Khor Virap: A Monastery with a View Khor Virap, located near the border with Turkey, is another iconic site in Armenia. The monastery is famous not only for its religious significance but also for its stunning views of Mount Ararat, the biblical mountain where Noah’s Ark is said to have come to rest. Khor Virap is where Saint Gregory the Illuminator, who is credited with converting Armenia to Christianity, was imprisoned for 13 years before healing King Tiridates III of an illness and converting him to Christianity. The site is a popular destination for pilgrims and tourists alike. Natural Wonders: Exploring Armenia’s Diverse Landscapes While Armenia’s historical monuments are awe-inspiring, the country’s natural wonders are equally captivating. From towering mountains to serene lakes, Armenia offers a diverse range of landscapes that are perfect for outdoor enthusiasts. 1. Mount Aragats: The Roof of Armenia For those seeking adventure, Mount Aragats is a must-visit destination. As the highest peak in Armenia, standing at 4,090 meters, Aragats offers challenging hiking trails and spectacular views of the surrounding countryside. The mountain has four distinct peaks, each offering a different level of difficulty, making it accessible to both novice and experienced hikers. In the summer, the lush meadows around Aragats are dotted with wildflowers, while nomadic herders add a lively character to the landscape. 2. Lake Sevan: The Jewel of Armenia Lake Sevan, the largest body of water in Armenia and one of the largest high-altitude lakes in the world, is another natural wonder that should be on every traveler’s itinerary. Known as the “Jewel of Armenia,” Lake Sevan is a popular destination for both locals and tourists seeking relaxation and recreation. The lake’s turquoise waters are perfect for swimming, sailing, and even SUP-boarding, while the surrounding beaches and forests offer plenty of opportunities for picnicking and hiking. The Sevanavank Monastery, perched on a hill overlooking the lake, adds a touch of history to this picturesque setting. Those interested in Soviet modernist architecture can visit the Sevan Writers’ House, enjoy a cup of coffee while taking in the view of Lake Sevan, or even stay there for the night. 3. Dilijan National Park: Armenia’s Green Paradise Often referred to as the “Armenian Switzerland,” Dilijan National Park is a heaven for nature lovers. The park is home to lush forests, crystal-clear rivers and lakes, and a rich variety of flora and fauna. Dilijan is also famous for its mineral springs, which are believed to have healing properties. Visitors can explore the park’s numerous hiking trails, which lead to hidden waterfalls, ancient monasteries, and scenic viewpoints. The town of Dilijan, located within the park, is a charming retreat with traditional Armenian architecture, artisan workshops, and cozy guesthouses. Cultural and Culinary Delights In addition to its historical and natural attractions, Armenia offers a rich cultural experience that should not be missed. The country’s cuisine is a delightful blend of Middle Eastern and Mediterranean flavors, with a strong emphasis on fresh, locally-sourced ingredients. Traditional dishes like khorovats (Armenian barbecue), dolma (stuffed grape leaves), and lavash (flatbread) are must-tries for any visitor. Armenia is also known for its wine-making tradition, which dates back over 6,000 years. The country’s winemakers produce a variety of wines, from rich reds to crisp whites, using indigenous grape varieties. A visit to a local winery is a great way to learn about Armenia’s viticulture and sample some of its finest wines. Conclusion Tours in Armenia offer a unique blend of historical exploration, natural beauty, and cultural richness. Whether you’re wandering through ancient monasteries, visiting Areni-1 cave, exploring abandoned buildings, hiking to the summit of Mount Aragats or mount Azhdahak, or relaxing by the shores of Lake Sevan, Armenia has something to offer every traveler. With its warm hospitality, diverse landscapes, and fascinating history, Armenia is a destination that will leave a lasting impression on your heart and soul. So, pack your bags and embark on a journey through this captivating country – you won’t be disappointed. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Discover the Amphitheater in Dilijan, a unique cultural spot blending history and modernity. Nestled in the "Armenian Switzerland," this Greek-style venue hosts various cultural events. Join my guided tours in Armenia to explore this and other hidden gems. Perfect for those looking to explore Armenia's rich heritage on their next visit. < Back The Amphitheater in Dilijan Discover the Amphitheater in Dilijan, a unique cultural spot blending history and modernity. Nestled in the "Armenian Switzerland," this Greek-style venue hosts various cultural events. Join my guided tours in Armenia to explore this and other hidden gems. Perfect for those looking to explore Armenia's rich heritage on their next visit. Dilijan, a picturesque resort town in the Tavush region of Armenia, lies 36 km southwest of Ijevan, nestled along the banks of the Aghstev River at an elevation of 1100-1510 meters above sea level. Surrounded by the majestic mountains, Dilijan is often affectionately referred to as "Armenian Switzerland" or "Little Switzerland." Renowned for its natural beauty, the town is a favored destination for visitors seeking tranquility and scenic landscapes. Dilijan also borders the Dilijan National Park, a protected area known for its biodiversity and lush forests. Imagine how it feels to read a book in amphitheater In 2009, the town added a new cultural landmark with the construction of the Amphitheater on Myasnikyan Street. This modern structure is a homage to Dilijan's rich theatrical history, which dates back to the 19th century when the city was home to the Rotonda, an open-air amphitheater. The Rotonda was a vibrant cultural hub, hosting performances by famous Armenian and foreign actors. Notably, Gabriel Sundukyan's play "Pepo" was staged here in 1905. Although the original open-air theater was closed by the Department of Culture in 1948, the Rotonda continued to serve as a venue for concerts, literary readings, and other events. The Greek design choice has led many visitors to mistake it for an ancient structure, despite its recent construction The new Amphitheater, built by decision of the city authorities, was designed to revive Dilijan's cultural traditions, particularly its theater heritage. The ensemble, which includes the Amphitheater, a sculpture of a girl holding a jar, and a classical arch with columns, is crafted in the Greek style. This design choice has led many visitors to mistake it for an ancient structure, despite its recent construction. Today, the Amphitheater hosts a variety of cultural and youth events, including the VII International Mime Festival named after Leonid Yengibaryan in 2019. Visitors can also enjoy a stunning view of Dilijan from this vantage point, making it a must-see spot for anyone exploring the region. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

Mount Tesilk, standing at 1372 meters high, may not be a popular hiking destination for tourists due to its distance from Yerevan. However, among Armenian hiking groups, it is quite popular and promises to leave an unforgettable impression. < Back A Hiking Adventure to Mount Tesilk and its Mysterious Cave Mount Tesilk, standing at 1372 meters high, may not be a popular hiking destination for tourists due to its distance from Yerevan. However, among Armenian hiking groups, it is quite popular and promises to leave an unforgettable impression. Situated in the Tavush region, near Gandzakar village (137km from Yerevan), Mount Tesilk is one of the branches of the Miapor mountain range and is easily visible from the city of Ijevan. Through a field of chamomile flowers I am hiking towards mount Tesilk On the slopes of the mountain, one can still observe the ruins of the Budur fortress. On the eastern side, a mysterious cave with the same name, Tesilk, remains hidden. In June, the entire path is adorned with chamomile flowers, creating a fairy-tale-like atmosphere. If you have some extra time to spend in Armenia and wish to explore more, this trail is for you! It is hiking-friendly in all seasons. ------------------------ Tour Details: Start: 7:30 AM from Yerevan Finish: Around 6 PM in Yerevan Hiking Distance: 4.5 km (One way) Duration: Around 2 hours Elevation Gain: 700 meters Start point: Gandzakar Village End point: Gandzakar Village Difficulty: Moderate Trail Type: Out-and-Back Transportation: Sedan --------------- Tour Price to the Summit of Mount Tesilk Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group) : 100.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! ----------------- The Price Includes: Transportation (Pick Up & Drop-off) Service of a guide ----------- The Price Does Not Include: Airport transfers Insurance Lunch (Lunchboxes can be added in case of an extra payment) ---------- List of things you should consider taking: 1. Backpack: A sturdy backpack to carry all your essentials. 2. Water: Sufficient water to stay hydrated throughout the hike. At least 1.5 liters… 3. Food: Pack lightweight, high-energy snacks or meals to keep your energy levels up. 4. Clothing: Dress in layers, including a waterproof/windproof outer layer, and choose moisture-wicking materials. Having extra socks and boots always welcomed… 5. Hiking Shoes/Boots: Wear comfortable and supportive footwear suitable for the terrain. 6. First Aid Kit: I have mine but in case you are using specific medicaments take with you! 7. Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from harmful UV rays. 9. Headlamp/Flashlight: Essential for hiking in low light conditions or during overnight trips. 10. Whistle: A loud whistle for attracting attention in case of emergencies. 11. Trekking Poles: Optional but helpful for stability, especially on challenging terrains. 12. Rain Gear: A lightweight, waterproof jacket or poncho to stay dry during rain showers. 13. Trash Bag: Carry a small bag to pack out your trash and keep the trail clean. Remember, this list may vary depending on the length and difficulty of the hike, weather conditions, and personal needs. But this were the basic things I decided to emphasize! Project Gallery You May Also Like Suren, the hiking guide in Armenia 1-Day Hiking Tour to Lastiver from Yerevan Best One-Day Hiking Tours from Yerevan A Hiking Adventure to Mount Tesilk and its Mysterious Cave 2-Day Hiking and Sightseeing Tour in Armenia's Lori Region Aparan Reservoir Loop Trail 1-Day Hike to Mount Ara Hiking tour to mount Yeranos

Khash is one of the oldest and most traditional Armenian dishes. This hot, gelatinous soup made from cow feet has long been a staple in Armenian culture and has spread throughout the Caucasus. The word khash comes from the Armenian verb khashel, meaning “to boil.” It also appears in names of other dishes like khashlama, khashil, and khashu. In this article, you'll discover the origins of khash and how it’s prepared. < Back Khash – One of the Most Unusual Armenian Dishes Khash is one of the oldest and most traditional Armenian dishes. This hot, gelatinous soup made from cow feet has long been a staple in Armenian culture and has spread throughout the Caucasus. The word khash comes from the Armenian verb khashel, meaning “to boil.” It also appears in names of other dishes like khashlama, khashil, and khashu. In this article, you'll discover the origins of khash and how it’s prepared. Khash was originally considered food for the poor. As the story goes, a rich man once gave away a cow’s legs after keeping the best cuts. Later, he passed by a poor man’s home and was surprised by the aroma of something delicious—khash made from the very legs he had discarded. Since then, cow legs gained value and the dish earned respect. The main ingredient in khash is beef feet. Sometimes stomach is added too. First the feet are steamed and thoroughly cleaned to remove hair.. Then they’re soaked under running water for 10–12 hours to eliminate odors. Since the legs are mostly tendons and bone, they’re simmered for 6–8 hours. Cooking usually begins at night, so the dish can be served early in the morning. That’s the tradition: khash is a dawn meal, believed to strengthen the body with its rich collagen content. Khash as served at Amberd Restaurant in Armenia. How It's Served Khash is eaten with: Chopped garlic Salt Sliced radish Lavash bread Pickled vegetables Vodka And yes—vodka is part of the tradition. The eating process is a ritual in itself. Diners break dry lavash into the soup or use it to scoop the broth by hand. Often, the plate is covered with lavash, and small corners are opened to pull out the food piece by piece. Khash is mostly enjoyed in winter. In summer, Armenians head to high-altitude restaurants on Mount Aragats—up to 3,200 meters—to keep the tradition alive. It's not just about food; it’s a social event shared with friends and family, usually early in the morning. Not everyone loves khash at first, but those who do become loyal fans. It’s a great excuse to gather, feast, and toast. While it was once seen as a “man’s dish,” in recent years it’s gained popularity among women too. Gallery You May Also Like How to Visit ROT54 (Aragats Scientific Center) – Full Guide Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk

The time has come! I am now making a visit to one of the most stunning cultural houses in Armenia! This building, built in Soviet times, is an architectural masterpiece and can leave a lasting impression on urban explorers! < Back A stunning culture house in Armenia The time has come! I am now making a visit to one of the most stunning cultural houses in Armenia! This building, built in Soviet times, is an architectural masterpiece and can leave a lasting impression on urban explorers! This culture house is located in Verin (Upper) Artashat village in the Ararat region, Armenia. Designed by Gevorg Tamanyan, it was built in 1957 and is included in the list of immovable monuments of history and culture of Verin Artashat. Gevorg was Alexander Tamanyan’s son who, after his father’s death, continued working on unfinished projects. The culture house of Verin Artashat It is a two-story building with three sculptured entrances built with pink tuff and is distinguished by its unique design. Two rows of large-sized windows are installed along the entire length of the facade, designed with a pair of semi-columns and an arch. Above the arch is a row of smaller, circular windows. Took this photo while standing on the stage The 460-seat hall is located on the second floor. It was partially renovated in 2010, but all in all, it has preserved its initial look, and those who appreciate untouched relics from Soviet times should definitely add this location to their to-do list! The cultural house has a cozy library and classes for kids who are studying dancing and singing! Thanks to the librarian's efforts, the inside of the library was very neat, with books all lined up carefully and dust cleaned off The librarian, Mrs. Siranush, is a super kind and well-mannered woman who is ready to show around and tell stories to guests! I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next