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This article offers concise and valuable information for anyone planning to conquer Mount Aragats! Whether you're looking to climb Aragats on your own or seeking a guide, having a clear understanding of what lies ahead can be incredibly helpful. Lace up your boots, and let's get started! < Back Hiking Guide to Climbing Mount Aragats: Tips for Your Upcoming Tour This article offers concise and valuable information for anyone planning to conquer Mount Aragats! Whether you're looking to climb Aragats on your own or seeking a guide, having a clear understanding of what lies ahead can be incredibly helpful. Lace up your boots, and let's get started! As a professional guide who leads tours to Mount Aragats dozens of times each year, I share my firsthand knowledge in this article. Back in 2010, when our lecturer from Yerevan State University first guided us to the northern summit of Mount Aragats, we made plenty of mistakes along the way. Today, I pass on those lessons, offering practical tips to help you avoid common errors and get the most out of your hike—without wasting unnecessary energy or fuel. Mount Aragats hiking season All four summits of Mount Aragats are accessible and do not require technical climbing skills. However, good physical condition, proper gear, sufficient food, and plenty of water are essential. I usually take 2 liters of water for the Southern or Western summits and like 3 liters for Northern and Eastern summits. Please note that there are no water sources on the way to the Western or Southern summits. When hiking to the Northern or Eastern summits, you may find drinking water in the Gegharot River or its tributaries, but this is at your own risk. The road to lake Kari in midst May! The hiking-friendly season begins at the end of May and lasts until mid-October. In June, melting snow still covers the ground, making the hike a bit challenging—sturdy boots are essential to keep your feet dry. From mid-September, snowfall begins to lightly cover the ground, but it’s usually not deep enough to hinder movement. This photo was taken at the end of October 2025. This section of the road is only about 1–1.5 km from Lake Kari and is fully exposed to strong winds and snowdrifts, which often cover the ground and block the road. That morning, we got stuck here. Fortunately, we soon heard a bulldozer engine start up, and while we were warming up with coffee, it came down, cleared the road, and freed us. The routes to mount Aragats There are two main starting points for climbing Mount Aragats: Lake Kari (3200m) Gegharot Waterfall (3000m) The most popular starting point is Lake Kari, the highest lake in Armenia (3,200 meters above sea level), which is accessible by sedan thanks to an old but relatively well-maintained asphalt road. The distance from Republic Square in Yerevan to Lake Kari is 61 km. There are two routes to reach the lake: one through Byurakan village and the other through Artashavan village. If you're driving a sedan, it’s recommended to take the route through Byurakan, despite the numerous sharp turns. A memorable photo on the shore of Lake Kari, guiding a group from Singapore to the southern summit of Mount Aragats! From this point, you can climb all four summits, though you will need to navigate significant altitude changes (losses and gains), especially when tackling the Northern and Eastern summits. All 4 summits of mount Aragats The most popular hiking destination is considered to be the Southern summit, which is the easiest and most accessible. Southern Aragats — 3,888 m (12,756 ft) Distance from lake Kari : 5.5 km (one way) Altitude Gain : 688 meters Duration : 2.5–3 hours (ascent). Descent takes around 2 hours. Aerial photo of Southern Aragats You can follow either the classical route, which winds up towards the summit slightly inclined to the west, or take the ridge, which offers breathtaking views of the crater and the Northern and Eastern summits! This trail is more challenging, but the views are worth it and are recommended for skilled hikers. Frozen lake Kari and mount Aragats To climb the Western summit, you can first ascend the Southern summit and then descend to the saddle between the two. Sometimes, when I'm tired at the saddle, I leave my backpack behind and carry only half a liter of water for the final 40-minute push to the Western summit. This way, you can conquer two summits in one day. Alternatively, you can head straight for the Western summit by following the path that leads to the saddle between the Western and Southern summits before ascending. Afterward, descend back to the saddle and conquer the Southern summit as well. The summit of the Northern Aragats; the highest point in Armenia! Western Aragats — 3,995 m (13,107 ft) Distance from lake Kari : 6.5 km (one way) Altitude Gain : 800 meters Duration : 3.5–4 hours (ascent). Descent takes around 3 hours. Unlike the Southern summit, the slopes of the Western summit are steeper, and there are many loose stones. The lead hiker should always be vigilant about falling rocks, especially when others are climbing behind. The breathtaking views from the summit make it all worthwhile. Northern Aragats Moving on to the Northern and Eastern Summits There are two usual starting points for the Northern and Eastern summits: Lake Kari (3,200 meters) and Gegharot Waterfall (3000 meters) . From Lake Kari, the distance to the Northern summit is 14 km (one way), while from Gegharot Waterfall, it is only 6 km. However, the Gegharot route requires an off-road car, while for lake Kari you can even grab a taxi. Northern Aragats — 4,090 m (13,420 ft) Distance : 6 km (one way, from Gegharot Waterfall) Altitude Gain : 1,090 meters Duration : 4.5 hours (ascent). Descent takes around 3.5 hours. During this hike, you’ll pass several small and large waterfalls. Southern and Western summits are connected by a saddle, making it easier to move between the two. Similarly, the Northern and Eastern summits are connected by a narrow saddle. However, for the Eastern summit, the route is littered with loose stones, posing a risk of falling rocks. Once again, hikers coming from behind must be extremely careful. For the Eastern summit, it’s better to start before reaching Gegharot Waterfall. In this case, you’ll walk along a narrow ridge and avoid ascending into the crater, which is typically required for climbing the Northern summit. However, selecting the right starting point requires some knowledge, as the hike begins at the foot of the Eastern summit. Eastern Aragats Eastern Aragats — 3,908 m (12,822 ft) Distance: 4.5 km (one way) Altitude Gain: 1,200 meters Duration: 3.5–4 hours (ascent), approximately 3 hours (descent) The Northern summit has two peaks: a "real" summit and a "false" summit. Hikers first reach the false summit. From there, the path to the real summit may look intimidating, but skilled hikers can manage it even without ropes. At the true highest point of Armenia, you’ll find a metal cross. Southern and Western summits of mount Aragats as seen from the top of the Northern Aragats Is It Possible to Climb All Four Summits in One Day? Yes, it’s possible if you’re in excellent physical shape. However, for my tours, I recommend taking two days for climbing. Day 1 : Start from Lake Kari, climb the Southern and Western summits, then camp in the crater. Day 2 : Climb the Northern and Eastern summits, then descend to Gegharot Waterfall, where transportation will be waiting. For a guided hiking tour to mount Aragats follow this link! For a private guided hike to Mount Aragats, feel free to contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

Explore the rich history and cultural significance of the Armenian Alphabet, one of the world's oldest writing systems dating back to 405 AD. Learn about its creation by Mesrop Mashtots, delve into the traditional and reformed spellings, and understand its role in writing both Eastern and Western Armenian. < Back The Armenian Alphabet - Mesrop Mashtot's Masterpiece Explore the rich history and cultural significance of the Armenian Alphabet, one of the world's oldest writing systems dating back to 405 AD. Learn about its creation by Mesrop Mashtots, delve into the traditional and reformed spellings, and understand its role in writing both Eastern and Western Armenian. The Armenian Alphabet is a unique writing system developed for the Armenian language and culture. It stands as one of the oldest alphabets globally, dating back to 405 AD, credited to Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian linguist and ecclesiastical leader. Medieval Armenian sources suggest Mashtots invented the Georgian and Caucasian Albanian alphabets around the same period. Statues of Mesrop Mashtots and his student Koryun in front of Matenadaran The Armenian alphabet is called "այբուբեն - aybuben". The name is derived from the first two letters, այբ (ayb). Traditionally, the first sentence written down in Armenian by Mashtots is said to be a phrase translated from Solomon's Book of Proverbs: Ճանաչել զիմաստութիւն եւ զխրատ, իմանալ զբանս հանճարոյ: To know wisdom and instruction; to perceive the words of understanding. — Book of Proverbs, 1:2. All 39 letters of the Armenian alphabet The number and order of letters have evolved over time. In the Middle Ages, two new letters (օ [o], ֆ [f]) were introduced to better represent foreign sounds, increasing the count from 36 to 38. From 1922 to 1924, Soviet Armenia implemented a reformed spelling, changing the digraph ու and the ligature և into two new letters. However, those outside the Soviet sphere, including Western Armenians and Eastern Armenians in Iran, rejected the reforms, sticking to traditional Armenian orthography. Armenian Alphabet Alley in winter. The monument includes sculptures of the 39 letters of the Armenian alphabet and monuments of Armenian greats Beyond being a means of communication, the Armenian Alphabet serves as a symbol of identity and heritage for Armenians, reflecting their history, culture, and spirituality. It is a beautiful and expressive writing system capable of conveying complex emotions and ideas with simplicity and elegance. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

Listening to the duduk is an enchanting journey into the heart of Armenia, traversing from the snow-capped peaks of Mount Ararat to the echoing chambers of ancient ruins. This brief article sheds light on the history and technical characteristics of the duduk, a unique and ancient instrument that resonates with rich cultural significance. < Back Duduk – Traditional Armenian Musical Instrument Listening to the duduk is an enchanting journey into the heart of Armenia, traversing from the snow-capped peaks of Mount Ararat to the echoing chambers of ancient ruins. This brief article sheds light on the history and technical characteristics of the duduk, a unique and ancient instrument that resonates with rich cultural significance. The Armenian duduk also known as tsiranapogh, meaning " apricot-made wind instrument" in Armenian, is a double-reed woodwind instrument renowned for producing a haunting and expressive sound. Crafted from apricot wood, it possesses a distinctive color and tone. It should not be confused with the northwestern Bulgarian folk instrument of the same name. Traditionally played in pairs, the first player handles the melody while the second plays a steady drone called dum. The harmonious fusion of these two instruments creates a richer, more haunting sound. Armenian musicologists trace the duduk's use back to 1200 BC, though some Western scholars suggest it may be around 1,500 years old. Duduk variants can be found in Armenia and the Caucasus, with its historical roots extending to the reign of Armenian king Tigran the Great (95 to 55 B.C.). Duduk is depicted in numerous Armenian manuscripts from the Middle Ages and stands as the only truly Armenian musical instrument that has survived through history, symbolizing Armenian national identity. Duduks for sale in Yerevan Vernissage Market Recognizing its cultural significance, UNESCO declared the Armenian duduk and its music as a Masterpiece of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2005 and officially inscribed it in 2008. Duduk music has left a lasting impact on various films, often used to evoke otherworldliness, loneliness, or to provide a Middle Eastern/Central Asian atmosphere. Notable film soundtracks featuring the duduk include "Avatar" (2009), "Brotherhood of the Wolf" (2001), "The Crow" (1994), "Gladiator" (2000), "Hotel Rwanda" (2004), "Hulk" (2003), "The Island" (2005), "The Last Temptation of Christ" (1988), "The Passion of The Christ" (2004), and "Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End" (2007). Hans Zimmer on Using Duduk Music in the Gladiator Movie and Jivan Gasparyan The duduk's particular tuning depends on the region, with an eight-hole duduk capable of playing ten successive notes of a diatonic scale or sixteen consecutive notes of a chromatic scale with simple fingering, including a thumb hole on the lower side. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

While exploring abandoned buildings in Armenia, we discovered a looted institute with two striking bas-reliefs and remnants of research on livestock and animal nutrition. This site once played a vital role in advancing Armenia's livestock industry, focusing on animal quality and forage production. < Back Exploring the Abandoned Armenian Scientific Institute of Livestock Breeding and Forage Production While exploring abandoned buildings in Armenia, we discovered a looted institute with two striking bas-reliefs and remnants of research on livestock and animal nutrition. This site once played a vital role in advancing Armenia's livestock industry, focusing on animal quality and forage production. While exploring abandoned buildings in Armenia with G. Mattu, we spotted a large bas-relief in the distance. I had previously seen this bas-relief online but had no idea of its location. Access to the building was straightforward, so we decided to enter. Inside, we encountered an impressive bas-relief featuring thematic images that aligned with the institution's activities. The facade of the building was decorating a nice bas-relief The site had been looted; the library was devoid of books, and most rooms were nearly empty of furniture. However, some bulletin boards remained, showcasing photographs and informational texts related to pigs, poultry farming, animal nutrition, forage, and sheep breeding. These remnants provided insight into the research fields once pursued at the institute. An old educational display related to a specific breed of sheep I believe the institute likely played a crucial role in enhancing Armenia's livestock industry, focusing on both the quality of the animals and the availability of their feed. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Armenia’s Abandoned Orbita Antenna Previous Next

Explore the mysterious history of Armenian Vishaps also known as Dragons or Dragonstones scattered across the breathtaking landscapes of the Geghama Mountains. Nestled at high altitudes near natural and artificial ponds, these monoliths hold a profound connection to the worship of water. < Back Dragons of Azhdahak - Armenia's Megalithic Marvels Explore the mysterious history of Armenian Vishaps also known as Dragons or Dragonstones scattered across the breathtaking landscapes of the Geghama Mountains. Nestled at high altitudes near natural and artificial ponds, these monoliths hold a profound connection to the worship of water. Vishapakar (also known as dragon, dragon-stone, megalithic monument, menhirs) are monoliths found in abundance in the Armenian Highland, situated at high altitudes, near natural and artificial ponds, as well as other water sources in proximity to high-altitude lakes, and are intricately linked to the worship of water. The dragon-stones of Geghama mountains, located near Dragon Lake! Photo is taken in 1970s and as you can see they are still lying horizontally! Notably, there are four dragon stones; two of them were subsequently transported to Yerevan and are currently showcased in Tigran Mets Park. Photo credits: Vladimir Saroyan's Facebook account. There are approximately 150 known Vishaps discovered in the Armenian Highland, with 90 of them located in Armenia. Dragonstones or Vishaps mostly appear in groups at altitudes of about 2300-3200 m above sea level, situated in well-defined concave meadow environments, which significantly reduces their visibility. There are also isolated examples at altitudes ranging from 1200 to 2300 m above sea level. Commonly carved from a single piece of stone, they take the form of cigar-like shapes with fish heads or serpents. Made of basalt, they are 150-550 cm high, and, based on their shape and iconography, they are divided into three types: Bull-shaped (with four sides, in the form of a thick slab, featuring the image of a bull's head and hanging limbs on the front side). Fish-shaped (round in cross-section, carved to resemble a fish with anatomical details). Hybrid type combining characteristics of the previous two. Most of the Vishaps found were lying horizontally, having fallen from their original standing positions. A photo of Nikolai Marr posing for a photo while standing near a gigantic dragon-stone! Geghama mountains, 1909 The concept of Vishaps was introduced by the Armenian writer Atrpet in 1880, with his work being published in 1926. In 1909, during excavations at Armenia's Pagan Temple of Garni by Nicholas Marr and Yakov Smirnov, local residents shared stories about Vishaps dwelling in the mountains. This prompted a scientific expedition to Geghama mountains to confirm the existence of Vishaps and assess their scientific significance. The findings from the Geghama mountains were published in 1931. The Dragon guards... 😅 Due to Mount Azhdahak's popularity as a tourist destination, two notable Vishaps are recognized, situated on the shore of the Dragon Lake (Vishapalich). These are among the best-known examples. Type: Bull-shaped Stone: Red basalt Size of the big Vishap: 400×150×65 Size of the small Vishap: 205×76×24 A sketch of the dragonstone from Boris Piotrovsky’s book "Vishaps, Stone Monuments in Armenian Monuments." Both are located at an altitude of 2700 meters near the high-altitude lake Dragon Lake. They were installed in a vertical position by the "Vishap" tour agency. During subsequent works, the large Vishap was split into two parts and then carefully rejoined. Hrach Hayrapetyan sitting on the dragonstone which is currently showcased in front of Government Building 3 This dragonstone was discovered in 1986 in the Geghama Mountains on the way from Geghard to Geghama mountains in a location called Chairasi. The father of Hrach Hayrapetyan, a resident of Goght village, Karabala Hayrapetyan, asked his son to place that stone on his grave after his death. Hayrapetyan dies in 1992, and Hrach, along with two dozen fellow villagers, loads the dragon stone onto a car and brings it to the Goght cemetery in 1993. Priest Ter Petros of Geghard learns that they want to place a dragon stone as a khachkar on the grave and prevents this step by prohibiting the reuse of the historical monument. Father Petros informs the architect Stepan Nalbandyan about it. The latter visits Goght, after which their actions were stopped. Until 2001, the stone remained in the Goght cemetery. Then, Stepan Nalbandian moved it to Yerevan, to the yard of the National Museum-Institute of Architecture (Government Building 3). It was erected in the same year by the director of the institute, Ashot Grigoryan. Vazgen Poghosyan operated the crane and also prepared the concrete mixture. Despite constant transfers, the monument is in good condition, although the left part of the headpiece is broken. The monument still stands in front of Government Building 3. This Vishap, shaped like a fish and a bull, was discovered in 1909 by N. Marr and Y. Smirnov in the Geghama Mountains at a site called Sakhurak. In 1970, it was relocated to Yerevan, where it is currently on display in Circular Park. 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"There are two kind of people in this world my friend. Those with loaded guns. And those who dig. You dig." In the world of cinema, the reason to dig might be clear, but in real life, it’s often shrouded in mystery—especially when it comes to older men suddenly taking on ambitious underground projects. Stories like Burro Schmidt’s 32-year tunnel through a mountain in California and Levon Arakelyan’s intricate, 23-year excavation in Armenia defy simple explanations, reflecting deep personal quests or a hidden sense of purpose that remains elusive. Let’s delve into these two famous cases and explore what might drive such a profound commitment to dig against all odds. < Back From Burro Schmidt Tunnel to Levon’s Cave "There are two kind of people in this world my friend. Those with loaded guns. And those who dig. You dig." In the world of cinema, the reason to dig might be clear, but in real life, it’s often shrouded in mystery—especially when it comes to older men suddenly taking on ambitious underground projects. Stories like Burro Schmidt’s 32-year tunnel through a mountain in California and Levon Arakelyan’s intricate, 23-year excavation in Armenia defy simple explanations, reflecting deep personal quests or a hidden sense of purpose that remains elusive. Let’s delve into these two famous cases and explore what might drive such a profound commitment to dig against all odds. Burro Schmidt Tunnel In the vast, arid stretches of the Mojave Desert's El Paso Mountains lies an unexpected engineering marvel: a half-mile-long tunnel cut straight through solid rock. This tunnel, dug by hand using a pick, shovel, and a four-pound hammer, stands as a testament to the grit of one man, William “Burro” H. Schmidt, who spent over 32 years of his life on this relentless project. William “Burro” H. Schmidt The tunnel, which measures approximately 6 feet (1.8 meters) tall and 10 feet (3 meters) wide, runs 2,087 feet through the mountain. Located just below the summit of a 4,400-foot (1,300 m) mountain, its southern entrance provides a dramatic view of Fremont Valley, Koehn Dry Lake, and ghost towns like Garlock and Saltdale. However, it doesn’t lead anywhere of strategic significance, simply emerging on a high ledge in the middle of nowhere. Schmidt originally envisioned the tunnel as a shortcut to transport ore from his mining claim in the mountains to a smelter on the opposite side. He had moved to the California desert from Rhode Island in the late 19th century, seeking a healthier climate, and began work on the tunnel in 1906. His motivation for this massive project was partly due to the hazardous back trail, which he refused to use to haul his ore with his two trusty burros, Jack and Jenny. With basic tools—a pick, shovel, and a four-pound hammer—Schmidt painstakingly carved through solid granite, hauling away an estimated 5,800 tons (5,260 metric tonnes) of rock. His methods were grueling; he often used dangerously short dynamite fuses and removed rubble by wheelbarrow, or even carried it on his back. Over time, he installed a mining cart on rails to ease the burden. His dedication took a physical toll, eventually causing his abdominal muscles to overdevelop, leaving him permanently hunched. By 1920, a road was constructed from Last Chance Canyon to Mojave, making Schmidt’s tunnel obsolete for ore transportation. Yet, he continued to dig, driven by an intense, almost inexplicable determination. Locals initially saw him as eccentric, and later, Ripley’s Believe It or Not! immortalized him as “the human mole” for his obsessive work. Despite the alternative route, he completed the tunnel in 1938, having dedicated over three decades to his solitary pursuit. Schmidt eventually left the area, selling the tunnel to another miner. His small cabin, preserved by the desert’s dry climate, remains a relic of his solitary life, as does the tunnel itself. Today, this remarkable feat of determination stands as both a memorial to Schmidt's grit and a unique tourist attraction. Visitors can walk the length of the tunnel, experiencing firsthand the intensity of one man’s life work, cut into the rock as a silent testament to his unyielding spirit. Coordinates of Burro Schmidt Tunnel: 35°24'21"N 117°52'32"W Levon’s Cave Master Levon at work Levon's Divine Pit, also known as "Levon's Cave" or "Tosya's Pit," was founded in 1985 by Levon Arakelyan in the village of Arinj, Kotayk Province, Armenia. This impressive hand-carved underground structure spans 300 square meters, reaching a depth of 21 meters, with seven rooms connected by narrow stairs. The story behind Levon’s cave is remarkable: in the spring of 1985, his wife, Mrs. Tosya, asked him to dig a cellar for potatoes. Soon after beginning, Levon reportedly experienced a vision in which a voice from a mist urged him to keep digging. Inspired by this vision, Levon continued the excavation using only a hammer and chisel, refusing modern tools despite the challenging soil. Over 23 years, he created intricate carvings and passages, installing electrical wiring and lights along the way. Each chamber was sculpted according to visions he claimed to receive, aiming to expand the cave to 74 rooms with distinctive designs. Following Levon's death in 2009, Mrs. Tosya began managing the site as a museum, preserving his legacy and sharing the story with visitors. The cave maintains a constant temperature of 10°C year-round. Visitors can view Levon’s personal artifacts, press coverage about his work, and notebooks with visitor impressions on the first floor, which serves as a museum today. In the courtyard, flower pots crafted from stone remnants honor his creativity, while two wall paintings, one of Levon with a chisel and hammer and another of his wife holding a potato, further capture the essence of his life and work. Coordinates of Levon's cave: 40°13'49"N 44°34'13"E Conclusion Older men often engage in solitary digging projects to find purpose, structure, and physical activity, especially after retirement. Tunnel digging or similar ventures provide both mental stimulation and physical exercise, serving as an outlet for independence and resilience. For some, these projects offer a way to cope with grief or major life transitions, creating a channel for self-expression. Such efforts also fulfill a deeper desire to leave a legacy, showcasing a testament to their grit. These pursuits combine a unique form of meditation with physical effort, enhancing overall well-being and reinforcing their sense of self. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

Vesna Vulović's incredible tale unfolds on January 26, 1972, when a Yugoslav Airlines flight tragically exploded mid-air. As the sole survivor of the highest fall without a parachute, Vulović's journey of resilience captivates the world. Despite severe injuries, her remarkable recovery defied medical predictions. Recognized by Guinness World Records, her legacy continues to inspire, emphasizing the unwavering strength of the human spirit. Vulović's story stands as a testament to survival against all odds and the enduring power of hope. < Back Vesna Vulovic – she survived the highest fall without a parachute Vesna Vulović's incredible tale unfolds on January 26, 1972, when a Yugoslav Airlines flight tragically exploded mid-air. As the sole survivor of the highest fall without a parachute, Vulović's journey of resilience captivates the world. Despite severe injuries, her remarkable recovery defied medical predictions. Recognized by Guinness World Records, her legacy continues to inspire, emphasizing the unwavering strength of the human spirit. Vulović's story stands as a testament to survival against all odds and the enduring power of hope. On January 26, 1972, a Yugoslav Airlines Douglas DC-9 aircraft carrying 28 passengers and crew members embarked on a seemingly routine flight from Zagreb, Croatia, to Belgrade, Serbia. However, tragedy struck near Srbská Kamenice, Czechoslovakia, when a bomb ripped through the fuselage, tearing the plane apart at 33,000 feet (10km). Miraculously, amidst the debris and despair, one life defied the odds: Vesna Vulović, a 23-year-old flight attendant, survived a fall that would forever etch her name in aviation history. A JAT Airways McDonnell Douglas DC-9 like the one destroyed by the explosion Vulović's exact position during the explosion remains unclear, but she is believed to have been strapped into her jump seat in the tail section, which remained relatively intact after the fuselage disintegrated. This, combined with the fortuitous landing in a snow-covered forest, cushioned the impact, absorbing some of the devastating force. However, her injuries were horrific: a fractured skull, broken legs and vertebrae, and internal bleeding. Vesna Vulovic in hospital Local villager Bruno Honke, a former World War II medic, discovered Vulović still breathing amidst the wreckage. Despite the remoteness and harsh conditions, he administered crucial first aid, paving the way for her eventual rescue. She spent 27 days in a coma, defying medical predictions of her inevitable demise. When she finally awakened, she had no memory of the accident or the month that followed. According to Vesna Vulovich herself, the first thing she asked, when she regained consciousness, was to smoke. Paul McCartney and Vesna Vulovic The treatment took 16 months, of which during 10 months the girl was paralyzed in the lower part of the body (from the waist to the legs). Vulović's remarkable recovery surprised both medical professionals and the world. Though she sustained permanent injuries, including partial paralysis and limited mobility, she eventually relearned to walk. Her story captured international attention, becoming a symbol of human resilience and defying the perceived limits of survival. The cause of the explosion remains officially undetermined, leaving room for speculation and conspiracy theories. Nevertheless, Vulović's survival stands as a testament to the extraordinary tenacity of human life and the unpredictable twists of fate. Vesna Vulović's story continues to inspire awe and curiosity. Despite shying away from the limelight, she embraced her unique place in history. She went on to work for JAT Yugoslav Airlines for another 27 years, eventually retiring as a supervisor. In 2009, she was officially recognized by the Guinness World Records as the person who survived the highest fall without a parachute. While Vulović passed away in 2016 at the age of 66, her story serves as a poignant reminder of the human spirit's capacity to overcome seemingly insurmountable odds. It is a testament to the power of chance, the importance of timely intervention, and the sheer strength of the will to live. Vesna Vulović's miracle serves as a beacon of hope, reminding us that even in the face of immense adversity, survival can sometimes defy all expectations. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

This striking Soviet monument, officially named "Long Live the Blue and Clear Sky," stands on the shores of Aghbyurak Reservoir in Hrazdan city. When the reservoir level rises, the statue is partially submerged, creating a striking visual effect that further emphasizes its connection to the water and its mythological significance. < Back Tsovinar: The Iconic Soviet Monument of Hrazdan This striking Soviet monument, officially named "Long Live the Blue and Clear Sky," stands on the shores of Aghbyurak Reservoir in Hrazdan city. When the reservoir level rises, the statue is partially submerged, creating a striking visual effect that further emphasizes its connection to the water and its mythological significance. This Soviet-era monument on the shores of Aghbyurak Reservoir in Hrazdan city carries the full official name "Long Live the Blue and Clear Sky." Dedicated to the 40th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), it stands as a powerful reminder of the Armenian nation's active participation. Sculpted by the artist Khachatur Hakobyan (1951-2015), the monument is also referred to as "Parvana" in certain documents. However, it is more widely known by its unofficial name, "Tsovinar." Originally installed in 1985 near the entrance to Hrazdan from the village of Kaghsi in the Kotayk region, the statue was later moved to its current location within the artificial reservoir-pond of the Atarbekyan Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP), which had been put into operation in 1959. Today, the official name of the reservoir is Aghbyurak, but it is also unofficially known as Hrazdan or Tsovinar. Aghbyurak reservoir itself, which comprises the Hrazdan and Tsovinar lakes, adds a serene and reflective atmosphere to the monument's setting. Despite being one of the most iconic symbols of Hrazdan, this Soviet monument has yet to be included in the official list of immovable monuments of history and culture. Who is Tsovinar? In Armenian mythology, Tsovinar was the fierce goddess of water, sea, and rain. Scholar James R. Russell translates name Tsovinar as "Lady of the Lake," deriving it from tsov ("sea") and the Iranian nār ("woman"). Tsovinar was seen as the female personification of thunder and lightning. She was believed to play in the clouds during thunderstorms, sending either destructive hail or life-giving rain to the earth below. Tsovinar Monument when the water level is higher During periods of drought, Armenians would perform rituals and sing songs to Tsovinar, pleading with her to bring rain to their parched fields. Her powerful presence is also felt in the Armenian heroic epic poem "Daredevils of Sassoun," where she is depicted as the mother of the divine twins Sanasar and Bagdasar, whom she conceives after drinking from a sacred spring during a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The statue, commonly referred to as "Tsovinar," embodies this mythological figure's formidable spirit, making it a unique and culturally rich destination for those interested in Soviet monuments, Armenian mythology, and urbex tours in Armenia. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Armenia’s Abandoned Orbita Antenna Previous Next

This article offers a brief overview of Armenian Lavash, a staple in Armenian households for centuries and a symbol of Armenian identity. Today, it continues to attract the interest of foreigners keen on the traditions associated with this iconic bread. < Back Armenian Lavash Bread This article offers a brief overview of Armenian Lavash, a staple in Armenian households for centuries and a symbol of Armenian identity. Today, it continues to attract the interest of foreigners keen on the traditions associated with this iconic bread. Lavash, a traditional Armenian flatbread, holds a significant place in the country's culinary heritage. It is a flat, very thin wafer, typically 2-5 millimeters thick and round-shaped. It generally adheres to a standard size, with a typical length of 90-110 centimeters, a width of 40-50 centimeters, and a weight not exceeding 250 grams This unleavened flatbread is crafted from simple ingredients: flour, water, and salt. The dough is rolled thin and stretched over a cushion before being baked in a clay tandoor, resulting in a thin, flexible bread with a delightful crispiness. Lavash is individually spread out until it cools down, after which it is stacked on top of each other, often arranged in 8-10 rows. When exposed to open air, lavash dries rapidly and can remain dry for an extended period, surpassing one year. AI generated image of Armenian woman baking lavash Lavash Bread Recipe: Crafting the perfect Lavash bread at home requires just a few ingredients and some patience. Here's a basic recipe: Ingredients: 3 cups all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon salt 1 cup water Instructions: Mix flour and salt in a bowl. Gradually add water, kneading the dough until it becomes smooth. Divide the dough into small balls and let them rest for about 30 minutes. Roll out each ball into a thin sheet. Bake on a hot griddle or in a preheated oven until it puffs up and turns golden. But for a perfect lavash one of course needs a clay tandoor! Lavash Wraps: Lavash's versatility extends beyond being a standalone bread. It serves as an ideal wrap, bringing together lunchtime classics such as turkey cold cuts, goat cheese, and a vibrant blend of veggies and greens in Lavash bread. Whether crafting a Mediterranean-inspired wrap with fresh vegetables, hummus, and feta, or opting for a savory wrap with grilled meats and tzatziki, Lavash provides a delicious and pliable canvas for culinary creativity. Eduard Artsrunyan. Fresh Lavash (1971) Women baking or carrying lavash is a common theme that has inspired Armenian painters. Lavash as a symbol Lavash is considered a symbol of family and abundance in Armenia. Traditionally, during weddings, the groom's mother throws lavash on the shoulders of the newlyweds, symbolizing the wish that the young couple will always live in abundance and togetherness. Lavash Bread Calories: A 100-gram serving of Armenian Lavash bread contains approximately 281 calories. Where to Buy Lavash Bread: Armenian Lavash bread is readily available at Armenian, Middle Eastern, and Persian markets throughout the country. Gallery You May Also Like Grigor Khanjyan’s Monumental Fresco at the Yerevan Cascade From Stendhal Syndrome to Suren Syndrome Tirinkatar Sacred Valley: Armenia’s High-Altitude Valley of Dragon Stones How to Choose a Local Guide in Armenia Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan Gallery of Mineral Waters in Jermuk Shvanidzor’s 17th-Century Aqueduct: Armenia’s Ancient Engineering Marvel Guide in Armenia

The Soviet Union, known for its rigorous and systematic approach to education and training, established a comprehensive network of driving schools to equip its citizens with the necessary skills to navigate the country’s extensive road network. These driving schools were not merely institutions for learning how to operate a vehicle; they were an integral part of the Soviet education system and preparation for army service, reflecting the values and priorities of the era. This article will provide a brief overview of what driving classes and posters looked like in the USSR. < Back Exploring an Abandoned Soviet Driving School The Soviet Union, known for its rigorous and systematic approach to education and training, established a comprehensive network of driving schools to equip its citizens with the necessary skills to navigate the country’s extensive road network. These driving schools were not merely institutions for learning how to operate a vehicle; they were an integral part of the Soviet education system and preparation for army service, reflecting the values and priorities of the era. This article will provide a brief overview of what driving classes and posters looked like in the USSR. Earlier, this place was discovered by G. Mattu, who guided me there. A lot has changed since then; the place was being renovated and soon it will vanish forever. However, with my camera, I tried to immortalize as much as I could during the brief time the guard allowed us to stay inside. During the Soviet era, the expansion of road infrastructure and the growing number of vehicles necessitated a well-organized system for driver education. The state recognized the importance of safe and efficient transportation for both civilian and military purposes. As a result, driving schools were established across the Soviet Union, often operated by state-owned organizations and deeply integrated into the broader educational framework. The journey to a Soviet driver's license began in classrooms. Here, students spent countless hours immersed in the theoretical aspects of driving. Posters, filled with diagrams and traffic regulations, were gospel. Instructors, often veterans of the road themselves, drilled students on traffic signs, vehicle mechanics, and the intricate rules of the road. All driving schools in the USSR were state-owned and operated under the auspices of DOSAAF (Volunteer Society for Cooperation with the Army, Aviation, and Fleet), district military commissariats, or centralized automotive training complexes (TsAUK) for the training or retraining of professional drivers. Driver training was also included in the school curriculum for senior grades, either within the secondary school itself or in vocational training centers. Any willing member of DOSAAF could attend a driving school affiliated with this military-sport organization. The district military commissariats trained future recruits in driving motor vehicles, preparing them for compulsory military service, such as in motorized troops. Automotive training complexes were typically located in large or capital cities, where employers would send professional drivers to obtain a license for a different vehicle category or to receive training or retraining for handling vehicles carrying hazardous loads. In addition to learning traffic regulations, driving theory, and practical driving skills, students in driving schools studied vehicle mechanics and the elimination of minor malfunctions. Posters were scattered everywhere... However, the fall of the Soviet Union brought significant changes. Many driving schools were privatized or closed, and the rigorous standards of the past gave way to more varied approaches in the newly independent states. Despite these changes, the legacy of Soviet driving schools remains evident in the continued emphasis on thorough driver education in many former Soviet republics. Posters, such as these I saw in this abandoned driving school, were common. They illustrated traffic signs, driving techniques, and safety measures, serving as visual aids to reinforce the theoretical knowledge imparted in the classroom. One can only imagine how cool this place looked in those times... Soviet driving schools were more than just places to learn how to drive; they were institutions that embodied the values of discipline, thoroughness, and public safety. While the Soviet Union is now a part of history, the impact of its driving education system continues to be felt, reminding us of an era when the journey to becoming a driver was a path marked by rigorous training and high standards. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Armenia’s Abandoned Orbita Antenna Previous Next

While on an exploration mission in the Syunik region with G. Mattu, we decided to explore this shoe factory as well. It had a guard, probably living nearby, whom we managed to convince to let us in, and he kindly showed us around. < Back Exploring an abandoned shoe factory in Armenia While on an exploration mission in the Syunik region with G. Mattu, we decided to explore this shoe factory as well. It had a guard, probably living nearby, whom we managed to convince to let us in, and he kindly showed us around. Not much information is available about this shoe factory, but the man told us that it ceased operations in the 2000s. During the Soviet era, it produced some of the finest shoes in Armenia, which were later distributed throughout the Soviet Union. Me in the library of the abandoned shoe factory! Like any other factories this one also had a library and a meeting hall! Judging by the design and quality of the remaining shoes, I got the impression that they were indeed of high quality. If the factory had continued operating into modern days, it could have further improved the quality and enhanced the design. The shelves were full of shoe samples! Unfortunately, like hundreds of other factories from the Soviet period in Armenia, it now lies in ruins. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia The Chayka Monument That Angered Nikita Khrushchev During His 1961 Visit to Armenia Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Armenia’s Abandoned Orbita Antenna Previous Next

Embark on a thrilling hiking adventure to Mount Ara, an extinct volcano located at the border of the Kotayk and Aragatsotn regions of Armenia, southeast of Mount Aragats. With a height of 2,577 meters, Mount Ara offers not only breathtaking views but also a unique opportunity to explore the rich biodiversity and geological history of Armenia. < Back 1-Day Hike to Mount Ara Embark on a thrilling hiking adventure to Mount Ara, an extinct volcano located at the border of the Kotayk and Aragatsotn regions of Armenia, southeast of Mount Aragats. With a height of 2,577 meters, Mount Ara offers not only breathtaking views but also a unique opportunity to explore the rich biodiversity and geological history of Armenia. Mount Ara, a polygenetic stratovolcanic cone located near Yerevan, is a beloved destination for hikers and outdoor enthusiasts. Its unique isolation from other mountain ranges adds to its allure, making it particularly fascinating for geomorphology enthusiasts. With its volcanic origins and striking natural features, Mount Ara offers a remarkable opportunity to explore the geological forces that have shaped Armenia’s diverse landscapes. Flora and Fauna A remarkable variety of plant species thrives on Mount Ara, with 650 species of vascular plants recorded—accounting for 20% of Armenia's total vegetation. The mountain’s diverse ecosystems include semi-desert, steppe, meadow steppe, forest, and tall grassy areas, offering a unique cross-section of Armenia’s natural habitats. View to mount Ara from Aparan reservoir Hikers can witness the full spectrum of Armenia’s plant life while exploring the rich fauna of Mount Ara. The area is home to a variety of animals, including numerous bird species, reptiles, rodents, as well as larger mammals such as bears, wolves, and foxes. Tour Highlights Hike to the summit of Mount Ara and take in panoramic views of the surrounding regions and rivers, including Aparan reservoir and mount Aragats Explore the mountain's varied vegetation zones, from semi-desert areas to lush meadows and forests. Experience the rich biodiversity of Mount Ara, observing rare plant species and the diverse wildlife that inhabits the area. Enjoy a peaceful and isolated escape into the heart of Armenia’s natural beauty. Whether you're an avid hiker, a nature enthusiast, or simply someone looking to enjoy the serene beauty of Armenia's landscapes, a hiking tour to Mount Ara promises an unforgettable adventure. ----------------------- Tour Details : Start: 7:30-8.00 AM from Yerevan Finish: Around 5 PM in Yerevan Hiking Distance: 11km Elevation Gain: 870m Duration: 3 hours (Up to the summit) Start point: Foot of mount Ara End point: Foot of mount Ara Distance from Republic Square to the Starting Point: 35km Difficulty: Medium Trail Type: Circular Transportation: My car is Mitsubishi Pajero 4 --------------- Tour Price to mount Ara Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group) : 90.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! -------------- The price includes: Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan) Transportation in air conditioned vehicle Service of a guide --------- The Price Does Not Include: Airport transfers Insurance Lunch (Lunchboxes can be added in case of an extra payment) -------------- List of things you should consider taking: 1. Backpack: A sturdy backpack to carry all your essentials. 2. Water: Sufficient water to stay hydrated throughout the hike. At least 1.5 liters… 3. Food: Pack lightweight, high-energy snacks or meals to keep your energy levels up. 4. Clothing: Dress in layers, including a waterproof/windproof outer layer, and choose moisture-wicking materials. Having extra socks and boots always welcomed… 5. Hiking Shoes/Boots: Wear comfortable and supportive footwear suitable for the terrain. 6. First Aid Kit: I have mine but in case you are using specific medicaments take with you! 7. Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from harmful UV rays. 9. Headlamp/Flashlight: Essential for hiking in low light conditions or during overnight trips. 10. Whistle: A loud whistle for attracting attention in case of emergencies. 11. Trekking Poles: Optional but helpful for stability, especially on challenging terrains. 12. Rain Gear: A lightweight, waterproof jacket or poncho to stay dry during rain showers. 13. Trash Bag: Carry a small bag to pack out your trash and keep the trail clean. Remember, this list may vary depending on the length and difficulty of the hike, weather conditions, and personal needs. But this were the basic things I decided to emphasize! Project Gallery You May Also Like Suren, the hiking guide in Armenia 1-Day Hiking Tour to Lastiver from Yerevan Best One-Day Hiking Tours from Yerevan A Hiking Adventure to Mount Tesilk and its Mysterious Cave 2-Day Hiking and Sightseeing Tour in Armenia's Lori Region Aparan Reservoir Loop Trail 1-Day Hike to Mount Ara Hiking tour to mount Yeranos