Are you someone who has seen photos or videos of abandoned buildings on the internet and wishes to witness them firsthand? Then welcome to the urbex community! This article can serve as a useful guide to those who want to start urbexing! Here we jump over the wall. < Back How to Urbex – A Beginner’s Guide Are you someone who has seen photos or videos of abandoned buildings on the internet and wishes to witness them firsthand? Then welcome to the urbex community! This article can serve as a useful guide to those who want to start urbexing! Here we jump over the wall. Urban exploration, commonly known as "urbex," is a thrilling yet controversial pastime centered around exploring abandoned or restricted buildings and areas. It's an activity that delves into the mystery of the unknown, uncovering hidden stories and overlooked spaces. For beginners eager to start an urbex journey, here are some basic tips to get you started. I am exploring an abandoned culture house with wonderful frescoes Research and Plan Your Exploration Before embarking on your urbex journey, conduct thorough research on potential locations. Look through online forums, social media groups, and urbex websites where enthusiasts share information about accessible sites. Pay attention to the legal status of locations and any potential hazards. Create a plan detailing how to reach the site, which entry points to use, the site's history, and the best times to visit. Next step: Google Earth! Google Earth is an excellent tool for locating and exploring buildings. It requires time and careful research. For instance, if we know that Village X once housed top sanatoriums, we open Google Earth and begin searching through buildings. Compared to regular houses, large sanatoriums are easily spotted. Pay attention to nearby parked cars. No cars? It's likely abandoned! A rusty and damaged roof can also indicate the building's condition. Via Google Earth, you can determine if any windows are intact. Recently, I stumbled upon this building (see image below) situated high on a hill. Exploring an abandoned building via Google Earth No nearby cars, no windows! Though it appeared spacious, upon exploration, I found it looted, devoid of artworks, with only bare walls. Sometimes, things don't go as planned. At least the hilltop view was picturesque! Via Google Earth, you can also identify entry points and plan your route. Simply copy the coordinates (I prefer researching on desktop), paste them into your preferred mapping application (like Yandex Maps or Mapsme), and you're ready to go! 2. Choose the right location For beginners, it is advisable to start exploring easy and accessible locations. Common starting points include abandoned culture houses, hotels, or hospitals. Avoid high-security or dangerous areas initially. As you gain experience, you can gradually explore more challenging sites like abandoned factories or abandoned military bases. However, be cautious as these locations may still be guarded or off-limits. Prioritize safety and legality in your choices. When approaching a building, conduct thorough research if you're unsure about how to enter. Drones can be helpful, providing a better view of the surroundings and ongoing activities. Only enter a building after careful consideration and assessing potential risks. My Panasonic Lumix G7. It's not good for low light conditions but that's all I have for now 3. Safety First Safety should be your top priority during urbex adventures. Be aware of potential hazards, especially unstable structures and treacherous stairs. Avoid stepping on stairs with a group. Always inform someone about your whereabouts and explore with a buddy when possible. Carry a charged phone for emergencies or better have a power bank with you! 4. Be Mindful of Legalities Respect the law and private property. Urbex exists in a legal gray area, and trespassing can lead to fines or legal consequences. Seek permission whenever possible or explore sites where access is allowed. Remember that preserving the location's integrity is crucial for the urbex community's reputation. The stun gun helps to scare off the dogs 5. Right Gear Urbex requires some essential gear to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience. These may include: Flashlights: Flashlights are crucial as buildings often lack natural light. Consider using a headlamp or camera light for better shots. Camera: Capture the beauty of abandoned places. Be respectful and avoid vandalism. Comfortable Clothing: Wear comfortable clothing, including sturdy shoes and gloves. Avoid wearing colorful clothing to avoid drawing attention. First Aid Kit: Accidents can happen, so it's wise to be prepared with a basic first aid kit. Food: You never know how long your exploration will take. Take enough food and water with you. Tools: Consider carrying a multitool and an electric shocker to scare off dogs. My GoPro Hero 9 with a head strap 6. Follow the Urbex Code of Ethics Respect for the places you explore is paramount. Follow the urbex code of ethics, which generally includes: "Take only photos, leave only footprints." Leave everything as you found it. Do not take or disturb items. Avoid any form of graffiti or destruction. Preserve the site's authenticity. 7. Develop Navigation Skills Many urbex locations are vast and maze-like, and it's easy to get disoriented. Improve your navigation skills by marking key points, taking note of landmarks, and having a reliable map or GPS device. This will help you navigate through complex structures and ensure a safe return. 8. Stay Stealthy While urbex is legal in some places, it's not universally accepted. Stay unnoticed to avoid unwanted attention. Avoid colorful clothing, park your vehicle away from the site, and enter and exit quietly. Whenever I see a local looking at me from afar, I always greet and initiate a friendly chat! This makes me approachable and avoids raising suspicions that I might be a thief or something else. I always keep my camera hanging from my neck to give the impression that I am a photographer and do not have bad intentions. Greetings from an abandoned sanatorium built by German war prisoners 9. Document Your Experience Responsibly Documenting your urbex adventures is part of the thrill. However, do so responsibly and without compromising the site's integrity. Share your experiences through photography or blogging, but avoid revealing specific locations to prevent unwanted visitors or vandals. 10. Learn from Experienced Urbexers Connect with experienced urbexers to gain insights and tips. Join online forums, attend meet-ups, and learn from the community's collective knowledge. Experienced explorers can provide valuable advice on safety, locations, and ethical urbex practices. Embarking on your urbex journey as a beginner is an exciting yet daunting step into the unknown. Remember, any initial anxiety will likely fade once you jump over the wall! With careful planning, safety measures, and respect for the locations you visit, you can revel in the excitement of urban exploration while also preserving the integrity of these abandoned treasures. Safe and memorable explorations await! I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Carlus, a traveler from Spain, joined my urban exploration tour in Armenia, during which we explored abandoned places and iconic Soviet-era locations in a Lada Niva he rented locally. This tour was especially nostalgic for me, as our family car was a red Niva, bringing back fond memories. Our journey took us from an abandoned cultural house to the Byurakan Observatory, the ROT54 telescope, abandoned pioneer camp, other Soviet-era sites, and eerie, abandoned copper tunnels, uncovering some of Armenia’s most hidden gems. Here is a brief overview of our tour. < Back Urban Exploration Tour with Carlus in a Lada Niva Carlus, a traveler from Spain, joined my urban exploration tour in Armenia, during which we explored abandoned places and iconic Soviet-era locations in a Lada Niva he rented locally. This tour was especially nostalgic for me, as our family car was a red Niva, bringing back fond memories. Our journey took us from an abandoned cultural house to the Byurakan Observatory, the ROT54 telescope, abandoned pioneer camp, other Soviet-era sites, and eerie, abandoned copper tunnels, uncovering some of Armenia’s most hidden gems. Here is a brief overview of our tour. Carlus, a traveler from Spain, reached out to me before his trip to Armenia to join one of my urban exploration tours. Being a big fan of the Lada Niva, he rented that iconic car in Armenia to explore the country and dedicated two days to our urbex adventures. So, instead of my usual Volkswagen Jetta, the tour took place in the legendary Niva! On the first day, we met in Yerevan for a beer, and the next day he picked me up from our yard! I liked him right from the first handshake, and we instantly found a lot in common to talk about. He shared stories about his travels in his Toyota and how he navigated the roads of the Paris-Dakar rally, roaming Africa’s wild landscapes on his trusty iron horse! With Carlus at the Byurakan Observatory, behind us is an iconic building designed by Sargis Gurzadyan, which houses the ZTA-2.6 telescope, the largest observational instrument at the BAO. After the Byurakan Observatory, we headed to the nearby village of Ogov to see the legendary ROT54 telescope! Carlus is sitting in the control room of ROT54 Then we headed to the Lori Region! Of course, we made a pit stop at the Gntuniq food court to fuel up with some local food before exploring a Soviet-era pioneer camp called "Fairy Tale." For the night, we stayed near village of Odzun, where an old Soviet-era hotel is located. It was built in 1971 for the managers of the Alaverdi copper factory. I really enjoy this place, and it's where I usually suggest my guests stay! The view from Odzun hotel Situated at the foot of a mountain high above Odzun village, it offers a peaceful retreat away from the city buzz—no noise, just the whisper of nature and a beautiful view of Odzun village and the surrounding landscapes. Across an old and rusty bridge we are heading towards a tunnels of the copper mine to capture unearthly photos! Crossing over this bridge is raising some adrenaline! Our primary destination was the tunnels of the abandoned copper mine, which we explored the following day after visiting several other sites. We concluded the day with a visit to an abandoned plane in Hrazdan! Night urbex... lol. During our trip, Carlus shared many fascinating stories. Among them, he told me about an incredible location called Pozo Sotón. A quick note: Pozo Sotón is a historical coal mine situated in Asturias, Spain, near the town of San Martín del Rey Aurelio. It stands as a significant part of Spain's industrial heritage and has been repurposed into a captivating tourist destination. Visitors can delve into its underground chambers, gaining a profound understanding of miners' lives and the rich history of coal mining in the region. By the time I was writing this article, Carlus had sent me photos showing that he had finally visited Pozo Sotón. I couldn't be happier for him! I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Discover the history of the 1-meter Schmidt telescope, originally commissioned by Adolf Hitler as a gift to Mussolini. After World War II, it was seized by the Soviets and later installed at Armenia's Byurakan Observatory in 1960. This telescope played a key role in the discovery of Markarian galaxies and contributed to significant astrophysical research until its decommissioning in 1991. A modern reconstruction project is now in progress. < Back This Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope Was Hitler's Gift to Mussolini Discover the history of the 1-meter Schmidt telescope, originally commissioned by Adolf Hitler as a gift to Mussolini. After World War II, it was seized by the Soviets and later installed at Armenia's Byurakan Observatory in 1960. This telescope played a key role in the discovery of Markarian galaxies and contributed to significant astrophysical research until its decommissioning in 1991. A modern reconstruction project is now in progress. In 1938, Adolf Hitler visited Italy to meet Benito Mussolini. During the visit, Mussolini took Hitler to several Italian observatories, proudly highlighting that Italy had numerous observatories and enjoyed more clear days compared to rainy Germany. Surprised and perhaps a bit challenged, Hitler reportedly responded, “I will show you who makes the best telescopes in the world, and I will even gift you one!” Upon his return to Germany, Hitler commissioned the production of a one-meter Schmidt telescope at the Carl Zeiss factory, renowned for its precision optics. This telescope, which up to these days remains one of the largest of its kind, was under construction when World War II broke out, delaying its completion. After the war, Soviet troops seized the telescope as a trophy during the occupation of Germany. Here is a brief historical overview of how the trophy seizures occurred after the Allied forces won the war. After World War II, both the Allied and Soviet forces (The Soviet Union was indeed one of the Allied powers during World War II, aligning with the United States, the United Kingdom, and others to defeat the Axis powers. However, when discussing postwar efforts like the exploitation of German science and technology, it often makes sense to separate the Soviet actions from those of the Western Allies. This is because their methods, objectives, and geopolitical contexts were quite different.) actively sought to extract German scientific knowledge and technology. This effort was one of the largest technological transfers in history, targeting advancements in fields like aerospace, atomic energy, chemical engineering, and more. The 1-meter Schmidt telescope in Byurakan observatory Allied Efforts: The U.S., through initiatives like Operation Paperclip, relocated over 1,600 German scientists, engineers, and technicians to the United States, including Wernher von Braun, who later played a key role in NASA's space program. The British and French also targeted German expertise, often focusing on "in-place" exploitation by incorporating German scientists into their own programs or allowing them to assist with rebuilding academic and industrial sectors in Allied-occupied zones Soviet Strategy: The Soviets used "trophy brigades" to seize machinery, documentation, and entire scientific teams from Germany. For example, they relocated entire factories and laboratories, along with their personnel, to the Soviet Union to bolster their own technological development. Teams under the NKVD were tasked with identifying and transferring scientists and equipment related to nuclear and missile technologies. They required specialists capable of deciphering documents, assessing the significance of complex machinery, and tackling intricate tasks. No surprise, that in 1948, the renowned Armenian astrophysicist Viktor Hambardzumyan also visited Germany, including the Carl Zeiss factory where several unfinished telescopes were stored. These telescopes were later transferred to the LOMO (Leningrad Optical-Mechanical Association) in Leningrad for final adjustments and assembly. Among them was the 1m Schmidt telescope, a gift from Hitler to Mussolini, which, however, had a different fate and was eventually destined to be installed at the Byurakan Observatory in Armenia. By the late 1950s, preparations were underway to transport the telescope to Armenia. Due to its delicate optics, it could not be transported by plane, as even the slightest shock could damage its components. Instead, it was carefully transported by truck at a speed of no more than 15 km/h. The telescope was installed and began operations in 1960, but the official inauguration took place on May 8, 1961. This grand opening was attended by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev during his visit to Armenia—a rare instance of a national leader participating in the unveiling of a scientific instrument. Benjamin Markarian and the iconic 1m Schmidt telescope In 1965, Benjamin Markarian conducted the First Byurakan Survey (FBS) using the 1-meter Schmidt telescope. As a result of these observations, he discovered a large number of faint galaxies (ranging from 13th to 17th magnitude) that belong to a special class with an excess of radiation in the ultraviolet spectrum. These galaxies were subsequently named Markarian galaxies in his honor. The December 2021 issue of the French magazine Le Mouvement tells the story of the glorious past of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, reflecting on Margaryan's galaxies, the history of the 1m Schmidt telescope, as well as talking about the current activities of the facility and young staff. The back cover features the 1m Schmidt telescope with BAO lead engineer Henrik Sargsyan sitting beneath it The continuation of the FBS is the Second Byurakan Survey (SBS), also carried out with the 1-meter Schmidt telescope. A total of approximately 3,000 peculiar objects were discovered, including about 1,600 stellar objects and 1,400 non-stellar objects. The SBS is one of the most effective surveys for discovering bright quasars (QSOs). Since 1969, more than 500 flare stars have been discovered, and detailed colorimetric studies of bright galaxies were also performed. One of the 7,500 photographic plates taken by the Schmidt telescope. The Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) archive holds around 37,500 photographic plates and films from all its telescopes, including the 1 m and 0.5 m Schmidt telescopes and other smaller ones during 1947-1991. The plates from the two Schmidt telescopes break down as follows: 1 m Schmidt telescope: About 7,500 plates. The famous First Byurakan Survey (FBS, or Markarian Survey) accounts for over 2,000 of these, and the Second Byurakan Survey (SBS) also used this telescope. 0.5 m (21-inch) Schmidt telescope: Approximately 12,000 plates. In 2011, the First Byurakan Survey (FBS or Markarian survey, Armenia), containing the records of a unique astronomical survey carried out by the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) from 1965-1980 were added to UNESCO’s “Memory of the World Register”. It represents the largest-ever astronomical exploration of the nearby universe and is considered one of the most important achievements in 20th-century astrophysics. In 1991, the 1m Schmidt telescope was stopped and since then no observations have been carried out. Recently, a project for reconstruction of this telescope was put forward in collaboration with the Russian Special Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), including equipping it with a contemporary detector and advanced controlling system. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

In this article, you’ll discover a little-known Soviet-era amphitheater, now abandoned. Explore how these spaces evolved over centuries while preserving classical architectural traditions. A hidden gem for urban explorers and enthusiasts of forgotten Soviet-era architecture, this site offers a rare glimpse into Armenia’s theatrical past. < Back An abandoned amphitheater in Armenia In this article, you’ll discover a little-known Soviet-era amphitheater, now abandoned. Explore how these spaces evolved over centuries while preserving classical architectural traditions. A hidden gem for urban explorers and enthusiasts of forgotten Soviet-era architecture, this site offers a rare glimpse into Armenia’s theatrical past. An amphitheatre (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue designed for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term comes from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), formed from ἀμφί (“around” or “on both sides”) and θέατρον (“place for viewing”). Armenian theatre is among the oldest in the world. Along with the Greek tradition, it belonged to the European theatrical type and emerged in the 1st millennium BC. Even then, it was divided into familiar genres such as tragedy and comedy. According to Plutarch, in 69 BC King Tigran II the Great built a Hellenistic-style amphitheatre in Tigranakert, the capital of Greater Armenia. Historian Gevorg Goyan believed this structure was large, richly decorated, and comparable to the grandest Greek amphitheatres of the period. Later, during the reign of Artavazd (55–34 BC), the son of Tigran the Great, the Artashat Theatre was established in Armenia’s northern capital. Artavazd himself earned a reputation as a playwright and director and once staged Euripides’ tragedy The Bacchae . After Christianity became the state religion in 301 AD, the Armenian Church began opposing theatrical arts. One example is the sermons of Catholicos Hovhannes Mandakuni (5th century), who sharply criticized theatrical performances and the gusans. This complicated the development of theatre but did not bring it to an end. The earliest amphitheatres of antiquity were built entirely without roofs. Over the centuries, as architectural needs and acoustic expectations changed—especially for concerts and modern performances—open-air theatres began to evolve. By the 20th century many venues adopted permanent or semi-permanent roofs to provide weather protection and improve sound quality. Today, it’s common to see hybrid amphitheatres that combine classical open-air layouts with modern roofing systems. However, even in Soviet times architects often followed older traditions. Many cinemas and amphitheatres were built completely open to the sky, preserving the historical aesthetic. One famous example is the open-air hall of Moscow Cinema in Yerevan, constructed between 1964 and 1966 by architects Spartak Kndeghtsyan and Telman Gevorgyan — a topic I’ll cover in a separate article. For now, here’s another example: a little-known abandoned open-air amphitheatre that almost no one today is aware of. Information about it is practically nonexistent online. We discovered it by accident during one of our urban exploration trips — a genuinely pleasant surprise. Once I gather more historical data, I’ll share it. Until then, let the photos speak for this once-glorious place. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Just a short drive from the center of Yerevan, in what used to be the city’s outskirts in 1960s, stands something few would expect from a small mountainous country better known for ancient monasteries and volcanic peaks: a particle accelerator. Yes, Armenia has its own chapter in the history of high-energy physics. Welcome to the Yerevan Physics Institute Synchrotron, also known as YerPhI (ЕРФИ - Ереванский физический институт) or officially, the A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory—a quiet but powerful remnant of Soviet science. < Back Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Just a short drive from the center of Yerevan, in what used to be the city’s outskirts in 1960s, stands something few would expect from a small mountainous country better known for ancient monasteries and volcanic peaks: a particle accelerator. Yes, Armenia has its own chapter in the history of high-energy physics. Welcome to the Yerevan Physics Institute Synchrotron, also known as YerPhI (ЕРФИ - Ереванский физический институт) or officially, the A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory—a quiet but powerful remnant of Soviet science. How it started? Founded in 1943 as a branch of Yerevan State University by renowned physicists Abraham Alikhanov and Artem Alikhanyan, YerPhI quickly became a cornerstone of Armenia’s scientific ambition. Just two years later, high-altitude cosmic ray stations were built on the slopes of Mount Aragats — Nor Amberd at 2000m and Aragats Station at 3200m. A government delegation led by Brezhnev at the Armenian SSR pavilion at VDNKh, near the particle accelerator model By the 1960s, the dream went underground—literally. YerPhI’s team began construction on a major accelerator complex, designed for cutting-edge research in nuclear and high-energy physics. The symbol named "Arus" As you approach YerPhI, you’ll notice a striking sculpture on your right—a mysterious double-sided figure made of red tuff, standing three meters tall. This is Arus, also known as the "Armenian Sphinx." The name "Arus" is both a common Armenian woman’s name and an acronym for Armenian Accelerator (Армянский Ускоритель). It is said that the title "Armenian Sphinx" was coined by Artem Alikhanyan, founder of the Institute of Physics. Created by sculptor Arto Chakmakchyan , Arus is more than art—it’s a tribute to the dreams and determination behind Armenia’s scientific rise. And it guards the entrance to the underground halls where science once roared. Into the Depths: A Fortress of Concrete and Basalt Next, you’ll spot a large sign in Russian on top of the building to your left: “ЕрФИ.” In 1965, the LU-75 linear accelerator was completed. Two years later, it was joined by a 6 GeV synchrotron . Though its raw power can’t compete with modern giants like CERN, this facility was once among the most advanced in the USSR, delivering over 5,000 operational hours annually at its peak. The Arus synchrotron, with a diameter of approximately 70 meters and a circumference of about 220 meters, was designed to accelerate electrons to an energy of 6 GeV. The accelerator also produced a beam of linearly polarized photons in the 0.9–1.8 GeV range, enabling precise experiments in particle interactions. Key specifications include: Diameter: 70 m Commissioning Year: 1967 Electron Energy: Up to 6 GeV (designed), 4.15–4.5 GeV (operational) Photon Beam: 0.9–1.8 GeV (linearly polarized) Experimental Setup: Included magnetic spectrometers and neutron hodoscopes for detailed measurements Scientific Contributions Arus facilitated a range of groundbreaking experiments in particle physics. One significant study measured the asymmetry of deuteron photodisintegration at photon energies up to 1.8 GeV, using a 90° centre-of-mass angle. This experiment, conducted with a magnetic spectrometer for protons and a neutron hodoscope, challenged existing models of quark interactions by highlighting discrepancies in constituent quark counting rules. Other research explored: Hadronic properties of photons via π-meson photoproduction on nuclei. Structures of nucleon resonances through multi-polarization experiments. Characteristics of nuclear matter under high-energy conditions. A notable achievement was the 1970 discovery of X-ray transition radiation, a phenomenon now widely used in particle identification detectors worldwide. Collaborations with scientists from the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna underscored Arus’s role in fostering international scientific exchange. The last full run of the circular accelerator took place in 1998. Operations resumed in May of that year, shifting focus to photodisintegration studies and the investigation of quasi-deuteron disintegration in light nuclei such as helium-4 and lithium-6. These efforts aimed to deepen our understanding of nuclear interactions using the synchrotron’s polarized photon beam. From Electrons to Isotopes: What Happened Inside Put simply, a particle accelerator speeds up electrons or protons to near light-speed and smashes them into targets. This lets scientists study the tiniest building blocks of matter. Think of it as an atomic microscope—on steroids. As I stepped out of the elevator and saw the particle accelerator, a pleasant shiver ran down my spine At YerPhI, researchers focused on: Electron-photonuclear interactions Production of medical radioisotopes like technetium-99m Transition radiation in monocrystals Nuclear resonance structures Hadronic properties of photons Thanks to the synchrotron’s precision beamline —designed to eliminate electromagnetic noise and enable low-background experiments—researchers were able to carry out delicate, world-class physics investigations. I took a photo of Mr. Hakobyan as he explained how the accelerator worked Many of these experiments, including the development of wide-gap spark chambers and transition radiation detectors, positioned YerPhI as a serious contributor to international scientific collaborations from the mid-1980s onward. Back to our visit After passing through the gates, you’re guided to a large round building, where an elevator takes you four floors underground where the accelerator is located. Every instrument sits on a single elevation surface , with zero tolerance for millimeter error. That’s how precise things had to be. Massive half-meter-thick, lead-lined doors shield the lab—and the outside world—from potential radiation and other hazards. Inside these heavily reinforced corridors lies what was once a state-of-the-art research machine. Even today, its foundations are solid—scientifically and structurally. Where It Stands Today After the collapse of the Soviet Union, YerPhI faced tough times—lack of funding, scarce resources, and a brain drain of specialists. However, it managed to adapt to the changing global scientific landscape, continuing its research and contributing to the broader field of physics. While large-scale acceleration has stopped, the facility remains partially operational. It’s used for training, detector development, and even international research collaborations. Behind thick glass, we observed the work in the laboratory The building may carry the weight of the past, but the minds inside are very much focused on the future. The display boards told the rich history of the Physics Institute For the Curious Traveler YerPhI isn’t your average tourist stop, but it’s a goldmine for those who enjoy science with a twist of Soviet nostalgia . So if you're a traveler looking for more than just churches and khachkars—if you want to touch the edge of atoms and ambition—put YerPhI on your radar. Because Armenia isn’t just old; it’s also brilliant. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

This abandoned culture house amazed me with the posters I saw inside! So far, I have explored many abandoned buildings, but this one was really good! Take a look at Soviet posters and more that we found! < Back Inside the Abandoned Culture House of Physics Institute This abandoned culture house amazed me with the posters I saw inside! So far, I have explored many abandoned buildings, but this one was really good! Take a look at Soviet posters and more that we found! We had vague information that there should be a culture house in the territory of the Institute, so we did some research via Google Earth and found a few photos from inside available, and went for an exploration! One can be left speechless seeing Soviet architecture... The rainy day was in our favor since there were not many people outside, and we attracted little attention. Getting inside turned out to be easy; we just moved the shattered board blocking the entrance and stepped in! Inside, we found a small library full of books stacked on bookshelves, although the water pours in from the damaged roof, and it's decaying. There was a room full of photos attached to posters, telling the history of that place: kids were attending judo classes, chess classes, dance classes, and more. I took many photos to capture the real look of the location! There was even a well-preserved gym inside with several Soviet-era training machines! They looked simplistic but very sturdy and functional. I even did some back exercises! But, of course, the best part of the culture house was the hall! It was full of giant and well-preserved Soviet posters! They were scattered on the floor; we lifted them carefully and put them on display. We liked the result, and hope you do too! I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Previous Next

Bas-reliefs, a form of sculpture where figures are slightly raised from a flat background, have been used throughout history to commemorate events, celebrate cultural achievements, and propagate political ideologies. During the Soviet era, these artistic expressions were extensively employed across the Union, including in Armenia, to convey the principles and triumphs of socialism while also decorating buildings to create an inspiring atmosphere. < Back My Favorite Metal Bas-Reliefs in Armenia Bas-reliefs, a form of sculpture where figures are slightly raised from a flat background, have been used throughout history to commemorate events, celebrate cultural achievements, and propagate political ideologies. During the Soviet era, these artistic expressions were extensively employed across the Union, including in Armenia, to convey the principles and triumphs of socialism while also decorating buildings to create an inspiring atmosphere. After some contemplation, I decided to write an article about my favorite bas-reliefs in Armenia, dividing the work into two parts: metal bas-reliefs and stone bas-reliefs. Although metal bas-reliefs are not abundant in Armenia, the ones I have seen are wonderful and I truly admire them. Here are my favorite examples. Phoenix by William Petrosyan "Phoenix" bas-relief was created by sculptor William Petrosyan. Crafted from hammered copper, the sculpture stands 4 meters tall. The centerpiece depicts a woman holding a wreath in her left hand, accompanied by the Armenian letters Ա, Յ, and Բ (AYB). Completed in 1989, the bas-relief was installed on the wall of the State Theater of Song building on Pavstos Buzand Street in 1990. A careful eye will notice a resemblance among them; the expressions and body language of the women are very similar, and women often occupy a central part in most of these bas-reliefs, surrounded by cosmonauts and space-related objects. This bas-relief is my favorite. The figures appear to be levitating, as if in zero gravity The theme of cosmonautics, or space exploration, became a prominent motif in Soviet art during the mid-20th century, reflecting the USSR’s pioneering achievements in space exploration and its broader ideological, cultural, and political aspirations. This theme brought a fresh idea to art, and artists began to incorporate it into their works. This bas-relief is also impressive and, like the previous one, focuses on the subject of cosmonautics. Tariel Hakobyan "Labor and Fertility". Today, Soviet bas-reliefs in Armenia serve as poignant reminders of a complex and multifaceted past. They provide valuable educational opportunities for younger generations to learn about the history of the Soviet period, its art, and its impact on Armenian society. Moreover, these bas-reliefs are an integral part of Armenia’s urban landscape, contributing to the country’s unique cultural mosaic. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery Out of gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

This comprehensive Mount Aragats hiking tour itinerary invites you to climb all 4 summits of Armenia's highest mountain, Mount Aragats. We offer flexible options, allowing you to choose which Aragats summit to climb based on your physical fitness and desired challenge. Within this Armenia trekking guide, you'll find detailed technical information and trekking details for each of the four Aragats peaks presented separately. For the ultimate Aragats climbing adventure, including a 2 day hike with camping at night to conquer all four peaks of Mount Aragats at once, I am are ready to create a customized itinerary for you! < Back One-Day Hike from Yerevan: Climb Mount Aragats with a Guide This comprehensive Mount Aragats hiking tour itinerary invites you to climb all 4 summits of Armenia's highest mountain, Mount Aragats. We offer flexible options, allowing you to choose which Aragats summit to climb based on your physical fitness and desired challenge. Within this Armenia trekking guide, you'll find detailed technical information and trekking details for each of the four Aragats peaks presented separately. For the ultimate Aragats climbing adventure, including a 2 day hike with camping at night to conquer all four peaks of Mount Aragats at once, I am are ready to create a customized itinerary for you! Mount Aragats is located in the central part of Armenia, northwest of Yerevan and north of the Ararat Plain at the border of Aragatsotn and Shirak regions! Rising proudly amidst the rugged landscapes of Armenia, Mount Aragats with its 4 summits stands as a majestic symbol of natural beauty and cultural significance. Its majestic snow-capped summits, vast alpine meadows, and striking volcanic landscapes make it an unforgettable trekking experience for outdoor enthusiasts seeking adventure activities in Armenia. Whether you seek rugged hiking trails, panoramic views, or the challenge of conquering its peaks, climbing Mount Aragats is a must for those exploring Armenia’s wild beauty. Aragats has four summits, which are named according to their relative geographic position: Northern—4,090 m (13,420 ft) Highest summit in Armenia Western—3,995 m (13,107 ft) Eastern—3,908 m (12,822 ft) Southern—3,888 m (12,756 ft) While all four summits of Mount Aragats are generally accessible for hikers and do not typically require advanced technical rock climbing skills, proper preparation is crucial. I highly recommend maintaining good physical condition, carrying sufficient water and food, and having professional hiking gear for Aragats to ensure a safe and enjoyable mountain climbing experience. Snapped this shot of my Mitsubishi Pajero in mid-May near Lake Kari, at around 3,200 meters elevation. Just look at the snow still clinging to the ground—Mother Nature clearly isn’t done with winter up here. Understanding the characteristics of each Aragats peak is key to planning your Armenian mountain adventure: Northern Summit — 4,090 m (13,420 ft): This is the highest summit in Armenia and presents the most challenging Aragats climb, requiring excellent physical fitness. Eastern Summit — 3,908 m (12,822 ft): Another demanding Aragats hiking trail, known for its rugged beauty. There are two usual starting points for the Northern and Eastern summits: Lake Kari (3,200 meters) and Gegharot Waterfall (3000 meters). From Lake Kari, the distance to the Northern summit is 14 km (one way), while from Gegharot Waterfall, it is only 6 km. However, the Gegharot route requires an off-road car, while for lake Kari you can even grab a taxi. Western Summit — 3,995 m (13,107 ft): A popular Aragats trekking route, offering a challenging yet rewarding ascent. Unlike the Southern summit, the slopes of the Western summit are steeper, and there are many loose stones. Southern Summit — 3,888 m (12,756 ft): Considered the most accessible Aragats peak, ideal for moderate Aragats hikes and those new to high-altitude trekking in Armenia. You can choose the classic route, which goes up toward the summit with a slight turn to the west, or hike along the ridge. The ridge is harder but gives amazing views of the crater and the North and East summits. It's best for experienced hikers. Northern Aragats as seen by me from the top of Southern Summit Northern Aragats — 4,090 m (13,420 ft) Treck details: Distance: 6km (One way) Altitude Gain: 1090 meters Duration: 4,5 hours (Ascent)! Descent takes around 3,5 hours Start point: Gegharot Waterfall (3000m) End point: Gegharot Waterfall (3000m) Difficulty: Difficult Trail Type: Out-and-Back Transportation: Off-road car ----------------- Tour Price to the Summit of Mount Aragats (Northern)! Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group): 110.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! ------------ The price includes: Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan) Transportation Service of a guide Eastern Aragats as seen by me from the top of Southern Summit Eastern Aragats — 3,908 m (12,822 ft) Treck details: Distance: 4.5km (One way) Altitude Gain: 1200 meters Duration: 3.5 - 4 hours (Ascent)! Descent takes around 3 hours Start point: 10 km up from Aragats village, towards Gegharot waterfall End point: 10 km up from Aragats village, towards Gegharot waterfall Difficulty: Difficult Trail Type: Out-and-Back Transportation: Off-road car ---------------- Tour Price to the Summit of Mount Aragats (Eastern)! Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group): 110.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! ------------- The price includes: Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan) Transportation Service of a guide ---------------- Western Aragats from the top of Southern Summit Western Aragats — 3,995 m (13,107 ft) Treck details: Distance: 6.5km (One way) Altitude Gain: 800 meters Duration: 3.5-4 hours (Ascent)! Descent takes around 3 hours Start point: Stone Lake End point: Stone Lake Difficulty: Difficult Trail Type: Out-and-Back Transportation: Sedan ------------------ Tour Price to the Summit of Mount Aragats (Western)! Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group): 90.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! ---------------- The price includes: Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan) Transportation in air conditioned vehicle Service of a guide --------- The Price Does Not Include: Airport transfers Insurance Lunch (Lunchboxes can be added in case of an extra payment) Southern Aragats as seen by me from the shore of lake Kari Southern Aragats — 3,888 m (12,756 ft) Treck details: Distance: 5.5km (One way) Altitude Gain: 688 meters Duration: 2.5-3 hours (Ascent)! Descent takes around 2 hours Start point: Stone Lake End point: Stone Lake Difficulty: Moderate Trail Type: Out-and-Back Transportation: Sedan ----------- Tour Price to the Summit of Mount Aragats (Southern)! Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group): 90.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! --------- The price includes: Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan) Transportation in air conditioned vehicle Service of a guide --------- The Price Does Not Include: Airport transfers Insurance Lunch (Lunchboxes can be added in case of an extra payment) ----------- List of things you should consider taking for climbing mount Aragats: 1. Backpack: A sturdy backpack to carry all your essentials. 2. Water: S ufficient water to stay hydrated throughout the hike. At least 1.5 liters… 3. Food: Pack lightweight, high-energy snacks or meals to keep your energy levels up. 4. Clothing: Dress in layers, including a waterproof/windproof outer layer, and choose moisture-wicking materials. Having extra socks and boots always welcomed… 5. Hiking Shoes/Boots : Wear comfortable and supportive footwear suitable for the terrain. 6. First Aid Kit: I have mine but in case you are using specific medicaments take with you! 7. Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from harmful UV rays. 9. Headlamp/Flashlight: Essential for hiking in low light conditions or during overnight trips. 10. Whistle: A loud whistle for attracting attention in case of emergencies. 11. Trekking Poles: Optional but helpful for stability, especially on challenging terrains. 12. Rain Gear: A lightweight, waterproof jacket or poncho to stay dry during rain showers. 13. Trash Bag: Carry a small bag to pack out your trash and keep the trail clean. Remember, this list may vary depending on the length and difficulty of the hike, weather conditions, and personal needs. But this were the basic things I decided to emphasize! Project Gallery You May Also Like Suren, the hiking guide in Armenia 1-Day Hiking Tour to Lastiver from Yerevan Best One-Day Hiking Tours from Yerevan A Hiking Adventure to Mount Tesilk and its Mysterious Cave 2-Day Hiking and Sightseeing Tour in Armenia's Lori Region Aparan Reservoir Loop Trail 1-Day Hike to Mount Ara Hiking tour to mount Yeranos

In this article, you’ll learn about a little-known abandoned observatory in Armenia, perched high in the mountains and wrapped in mystery due to its unclear past. < Back The Abandoned Observatory I Spent Years Searching For In this article, you’ll learn about a little-known abandoned observatory in Armenia, perched high in the mountains and wrapped in mystery due to its unclear past. Years ago, I was reading the blog of a foreign motorcyclist who had traveled through Armenia and Georgia. He had a photo of his bike parked next to a telescope tower. At first, I assumed it was somewhere in Georgia, but the caption said it was in Armenia. That really surprised me, and I tried to find out more — but there was absolutely no information about it. That same photo taken by the motorcycle traveler, showing the observation tower and his bike Time passed, and one day, while scanning Google Earth, I noticed a strange round structure and a few buildings. That was my first hint. I compared the mountain skyline with the traveler’s photo and realized I was finally on the right track. So off we went. The road was awful. To make things worse, I chose a shorter but completely wrong route and ended up crawling toward the summit on rough terrain. My Pajero handled it bravely, though, and eventually we made it to the site. As expected, not much had survived. Later I learned that the telescopes had been moved to the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory — where I eventually found them. The remaining buildings were left to decay, with cows wandering around and using them as shelter. This location reminded me of the famous Shorbulak Observatory, which is situated 4,350 meters above sea level in Tajikistan One of the towers, though, was surprisingly well-preserved, with its dome still in place. Despite the abandonment, the location didn’t disappoint. It had that pleasant urbex charm, a memorable view opening up from the summit, and fields full of wildflowers. I’ll keep digging into its history and update this article as soon as I uncover more reliable details. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like The Forgotten 50 cm Cassegrain Telescope of Byurakan Observatory Destroyed Soviet Mosaics and Frescoes in Armenia Inside the Eerie Corridors of an Abandoned Russian Fortress Soviet Bus Stops in Armenia Urbex Tours in Armenia – Photo Gallery The 53 cm Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory Exploring an Abandoned Rest House with Impressive Bas-Reliefs A Spaceship on Earth: The Soviet-Armenian Echo of the Futuro House Previous Next

Embark on a thrilling hiking adventure to Mount Ara, an extinct volcano located at the border of the Kotayk and Aragatsotn regions of Armenia, southeast of Mount Aragats. With a height of 2,577 meters, Mount Ara offers not only breathtaking views but also a unique opportunity to explore the rich biodiversity and geological history of Armenia. < Back 1-Day Hike to Mount Ara Embark on a thrilling hiking adventure to Mount Ara, an extinct volcano located at the border of the Kotayk and Aragatsotn regions of Armenia, southeast of Mount Aragats. With a height of 2,577 meters, Mount Ara offers not only breathtaking views but also a unique opportunity to explore the rich biodiversity and geological history of Armenia. Mount Ara, a polygenetic stratovolcanic cone located near Yerevan, is a beloved destination for hikers and outdoor enthusiasts. Its unique isolation from other mountain ranges adds to its allure, making it particularly fascinating for geomorphology enthusiasts. With its volcanic origins and striking natural features, Mount Ara offers a remarkable opportunity to explore the geological forces that have shaped Armenia’s diverse landscapes. Flora and Fauna A remarkable variety of plant species thrives on Mount Ara, with 650 species of vascular plants recorded—accounting for 20% of Armenia's total vegetation. The mountain’s diverse ecosystems include semi-desert, steppe, meadow steppe, forest, and tall grassy areas, offering a unique cross-section of Armenia’s natural habitats. View to mount Ara from Aparan reservoir Hikers can witness the full spectrum of Armenia’s plant life while exploring the rich fauna of Mount Ara. The area is home to a variety of animals, including numerous bird species, reptiles, rodents, as well as larger mammals such as bears, wolves, and foxes. Tour Highlights Hike to the summit of Mount Ara and take in panoramic views of the surrounding regions and rivers, including Aparan reservoir and mount Aragats Explore the mountain's varied vegetation zones, from semi-desert areas to lush meadows and forests. Experience the rich biodiversity of Mount Ara, observing rare plant species and the diverse wildlife that inhabits the area. Enjoy a peaceful and isolated escape into the heart of Armenia’s natural beauty. Whether you're an avid hiker, a nature enthusiast, or simply someone looking to enjoy the serene beauty of Armenia's landscapes, a hiking tour to Mount Ara promises an unforgettable adventure. ----------------------- Tour Details : Start: 7:30-8.00 AM from Yerevan Finish: Around 5 PM in Yerevan Hiking Distance: 11km Elevation Gain: 870m Duration: 3 hours (Up to the summit) Start point: Foot of mount Ara End point: Foot of mount Ara Distance from Republic Square to the Starting Point: 35km Difficulty: Medium Trail Type: Circular Transportation: My car is Mitsubishi Pajero 4 --------------- Tour Price to mount Ara Total price for 1-4 participants (the whole group) : 90.000 AMD For larger groups, please consider contacting for more details! -------------- The price includes: Pick up & drop off (In Yerevan) Transportation in air conditioned vehicle Service of a guide --------- The Price Does Not Include: Airport transfers Insurance Lunch (Lunchboxes can be added in case of an extra payment) -------------- List of things you should consider taking: 1. Backpack: A sturdy backpack to carry all your essentials. 2. Water: Sufficient water to stay hydrated throughout the hike. At least 1.5 liters… 3. Food: Pack lightweight, high-energy snacks or meals to keep your energy levels up. 4. Clothing: Dress in layers, including a waterproof/windproof outer layer, and choose moisture-wicking materials. Having extra socks and boots always welcomed… 5. Hiking Shoes/Boots: Wear comfortable and supportive footwear suitable for the terrain. 6. First Aid Kit: I have mine but in case you are using specific medicaments take with you! 7. Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat to protect yourself from harmful UV rays. 9. Headlamp/Flashlight: Essential for hiking in low light conditions or during overnight trips. 10. Whistle: A loud whistle for attracting attention in case of emergencies. 11. Trekking Poles: Optional but helpful for stability, especially on challenging terrains. 12. Rain Gear: A lightweight, waterproof jacket or poncho to stay dry during rain showers. 13. Trash Bag: Carry a small bag to pack out your trash and keep the trail clean. Remember, this list may vary depending on the length and difficulty of the hike, weather conditions, and personal needs. But this were the basic things I decided to emphasize! Project Gallery You May Also Like

I’m Suren, a professional urbexer who has turned his passion into a career, guiding tourists through abandoned places and supporting a unique lifestyle. I do this full-time and, over the years, have become a specialist in this field. In recent years, urbex (urban exploration) has gained massive popularity, especially on social media. Soviet-era sites across post-Soviet countries have become hotspots for adventurers, photographers, and history enthusiasts. One of the most popular destinations in Armenia is the ROT54 Radio-Optical Telescope, perched at 1,700 meters above sea level on the southern slopes of Mount Aragats — the country’s highest peak. This tour invites you to join me as your private guide to explore this Soviet-era scientific marvel. < Back Urbex Tour to ROT54 – Explore Armenia’s Most Fascinating Abandoned Place I’m Suren, a professional urbexer who has turned his passion into a career, guiding tourists through abandoned places and supporting a unique lifestyle. I do this full-time and, over the years, have become a specialist in this field. In recent years, urbex (urban exploration) has gained massive popularity, especially on social media. Soviet-era sites across post-Soviet countries have become hotspots for adventurers, photographers, and history enthusiasts. One of the most popular destinations in Armenia is the ROT54 Radio-Optical Telescope, perched at 1,700 meters above sea level on the southern slopes of Mount Aragats — the country’s highest peak. This tour invites you to join me as your private guide to explore this Soviet-era scientific marvel. ROT54 and the Tour Experience This urban explorer tour gives you a rare chance to visit one of the most popular and mysterious scientific sites of the Soviet legacy: the Herouni United Space Center in the village of Orgov. Hidden in the peaceful hills of Orgov lies ROT54 , an enormous and now-abandoned scientific structure. Built between 1975 and 1985 , this telescope features a massive 54-meter (177 ft) dish and was once among the most advanced radio-optical telescopes in the world. The project was the brainchild of Paris Herouni — a radio astronomer, physicist, and engineer — a determined Armenian scientist who spent years convincing Soviet authorities to approve its construction in Armenia. Aerial photo of ROT54 The telescope operated from 1986 until it stopped in 1990. In the mid-1990s, plans were made to restore it. From 1995 to 2010, it was partially modernized with new control computers and equipment, and observations resumed with help from the Astronomical Society of Russia and the National Technical University of Athens. But in 2012, a control arm failed, disabling the secondary mirror and stopping operations again. The Armenian government couldn’t afford repairs, and the facility was mothballed. To restart it, the control systems need major upgrades, old analog sensors must be replaced with digital ones, and the data systems must be modernized. Experts estimate the cost at around $25 million. In the control room of ROT54 Today, the dish stands silent. Inside the control room, everything remains as if time simply froze — a perfect set piece for any urban explorer. Arev: The Forgotten Solar Power Station Just a short walk from ROT54 lies Arev , an unfinished solar thermal power station designed by Paris Herouni during Armenia’s 1990s energy and economic crisis, when even the country’s most important strategic facility, the Metsamor Nuclear Power Plant, was shut down. It was protected by nine patents and boasted higher efficiency than similar international projects. Despite attracting interest from foreign investors, particularly from Great Britain, the project was never completed. When construction was close to completion, the investors attempted to acquire Herouni’s patents, which ultimately brought the project to a halt. Now, the skeletal remains of Arev resemble something from a science fiction film — a raw monument to Soviet ambition, lost in time. A visit to "Orbita" antenna During this tour, we will also have a unique opportunity to see the massive “Orbita” antenna. The Orbita (Орбита) system was the world’s first national satellite television network, launched by the Soviet Union in 1967. Covering the vast territory of the USSR, laying cables to every remote region was impractical. Instead, a network of ground stations equipped with large, iconic parabolic antennas was built to receive signals from Molniya satellites. In 1967, the first 20 Orbita stations were put into operation. The system expanded rapidly. By 1970, there were already more than 50 stations, and by 1984, the network had grown to over 100 stations, including more than 10 transmit-and-receive stations. Armenia was also part of this network and had several Orbita antennas. According to available information, the Orbita station in Armenia became operational in November 1977, although it is unclear whether this date refers to this specific station or another antenna; further verification is required. The launch of this station coincided with the construction of the 311.7-meter Yerevan TV Tower, which allowed Armenia to receive the Second Program of Central Television from Moscow via the Molniya and Raduga satellite constellations. Tour Highlights Walk around the legendary ROT-54 antenna Explore the iconic control room with its original panels, perfectly preserved Visit abandoned buildings, including a unique anechoic chamber Get up close to — or even climb — the futuristic Arev solar power station Climb the observation tower for stunning panoramic views of the area See the giant "Orbita" antenna More details… For groups larger than 4, please contact me via Telegram or WhatsApp. The number is listed at the bottom of the website. Transfer to and from your address in Yerevan Guide services Flexible schedule: time for photos, rest, and exploration Distance from Yerevan — about 40 km (approximately 50 minutes by car) Total tour duration — 4 to 5 hours The tour is conducted in a well-maintained Mitsubishi Pajero 4 P.S. This tour can be combined with a visit to the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, where you can see either the iconic ZTA‑2.6 telescope or the 1‑meter Schmidt telescope , a true scientific landmark. For more details, feel free to contact me directly via WhatsApp or Telegram for a quick response! Project Gallery You May Also Like A Unique Tour to Armenia’s Hidden Cold War Radio Center From Yerevan to Mount Aragats Tour to Armenia’s Particle Accelerator Climb Mount Artanish & Explore Sevanavank Monastery Urbex Tour to the Trophy 1m Schmidt Telescope at Byurakan Observatory Hiking from Lake Parz to Gosh Village Urbex Tour to ROT54 – Explore Armenia’s Most Fascinating Abandoned Place Hike Armenia by choosing the popular Smbataberd trail Previous Next

During this urbex mission, we explored a massive Soviet-era refractory brick factory. The site was so big it took hours to cover — and even then, some sections remained unexplored. This article aims to document our exploration and offer a glimpse into how this industrial giant, rich with history, stands today. < Back We Explored a Giant Refractory Brick Factory During this urbex mission, we explored a massive Soviet-era refractory brick factory. The site was so big it took hours to cover — and even then, some sections remained unexplored. This article aims to document our exploration and offer a glimpse into how this industrial giant, rich with history, stands today. Tucked deep in a gorge, on the bank of a river and surrounded by lush forests, lie the remains of a once-thriving Soviet factory. This abandoned industrial colossus, hidden in the Armenian wilderness, was once a major site for producing refractory bricks — specialized heat-resistant blocks used in furnaces, kilns, and heavy industry. Lots of old Soviet trucks, excavators, and other machines were scattered across the territory Built in 1951, the factory was strategically located near a rich deposit of clay, essential for high-quality brick production. At its peak, it employed over 600 workers, forming the backbone of the local economy and supporting surrounding villages and towns. Each day, 7 to 8 railway wagons transported bricks to Russia, feeding the Soviet Union’s insatiable industrial demand. Walking inside today feels like entering a time capsule. Rusting machinery, heavy-duty tools, and even Soviet-era trucks sit silently across the factory floor. Strange metal equipment, the use of which I couldn’t identify, is still scattered throughout — industrial relics of a forgotten era. In this part of the factory, I saw hearths where bricks were hardened in high heat After the collapse of the USSR, the factory’s fate took a downturn. In 1995, it was privatized and continued low-scale brick production. However, poor economic conditions, bad logistics, and weak management sped up its decline. By the mid-2000s, the plant had ceased operations entirely. I also came across lathe machines that looked almost brand new — as if they were just waiting for someone to press the button and bring them back to life Now, nature is slowly reclaiming the site. Trees push through cracks in the concrete and grow around machinery. As I walked by, I saw old Soviet trucks buried in bushes. Surprisingly, the place is still well-preserved. It’s guarded and doesn’t appear looted —the machines haven't been scrapped for metal. Today, the factory still stands — a haunting yet beautiful reminder of a time when this quiet river valley echoed with the roar of Soviet industry. It’s a perfect location for urban exploration. I’m Suren, a professional urban explorer in Armenia. I offer unique urbex tours to abandoned, hidden, and off-the-map places you won’t find in guidebooks. Want a custom itinerary? Contact me on WhatsApp or Telegram . Project Gallery You May Also Like Previous Next